A PRECEDE-PROCEED approach in the advocacy for computer-based education on correct medical certification of cause of death among physician-learners

Objective@#Mortality data is a critical input to public health decision-making and planning. Yet, about 36% of underlying causes of death reported by physicians in 2018 are considered garbage codes, not useful in analyzing public health and mortality (PSA, 2018). We used the PRECEDE-PROCEED approach to develop, implement, and report an advocacy and education Project to improve training on medical certification of cause of death (MCCOD) among senior medical students and interns. @*Methods@#An MCCOD Instructional Design and eLearning course was introduced and validated in 33 medical education institutions. Lessons enhanced these education materials and are proposed for nationwide adoption. In the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Project fast-tracked the training of physician-learners on the correct cause of death reporting and certification.@*Results@#Awareness of correct MCCOD and its personal and public health value reached at least 4000 learners, over a hundred medical faculty, and all deans of medical colleges in the Philippines.@*Conclusion@#The PRECEDE-PROCEED Model provided a clear and practicable framework for the advocacy and education efforts to train senior medical students and interns on MCCOD. It can similarly guide other medical education innovations by defining predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors then considering these factors for intervention strategies, implementation, process evaluation, outcome evaluations, and impact evaluations.

Thriving in remOTe learning: Promoting self-regulated learning of students in an online learning context

@#The shift to remote learning during the pandemic highlighted the importance of self-regulated learning (SRL). Education scholars posit that SRL promotes positive remote learning experiences in various student populations. Students cannot be expected to be self-regulated learners in a remote setup by exposing themselves to online courses alone. Thus, the Department of Occupational Therapy of the University of the Philippines Manila College of Allied Medical Professions created a webinar based on the constructs of SRL to aid students in transitioning to this setup. The webinar was organized for students to understand the concept of SRL and to identify SRL strategies they can use. Faculty shared practical tips, personal experiences, and contextualized examples on how students can use these strategies to thrive in the remote setup. Given the positive feedback, there is value found in similar activities to utilizing SRL dimensions to prepare students for remote learning. Recommendations for future studies about SRL are stated.

Extent of self-regulated learning among allied health students in an online environment

Background@#The shift to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic has caused students to experience several challenges in their academic lives. A strategy that may assist in mitigating these challenges and facilitating students' positive adaptation to online learning is the promotion of self-regulated learning (SRL). However, SRL is underexplored in the context of health sciences students. @*Objectives@#This study aimed to describe the extent and examine the nature of SRL of allied health students in a fully remote learning environment. @*Methodology@#This is a cross-sectional online survey study. Data were collected online using Qualtrics. Descriptive statistics and confirmatory factor analysis were used to determine the extent and nature of SRL, respectively. @*Results@#Responses from 241 participants show that students had a mean self-regulated learning score of 82.80 out of 120 (SD=12.68). Of the dimensions of SRL, students had higher scores in environmental structuring, time management, and self-evaluation than the other dimensions. A six-factor second-order model of self-regulation showed adequate model-data fit (χ2=673.88, CFI=0.95, TLI=0.95, SRMR=0.09, RMSEA=0.09 [90% CI=0.08-0.09]). @*Conclusion@#Health science students showed a high level of SRL; SRL for these students is adequately measured using the six dimensions of goal setting, environmental structuring, tasks strategies, time management, help seeking, and self-evaluation. The results indicate the value of understanding the extent and nature of SRL as a first step in planning strategies to support learning and student success in remote environments.

Problemáticas na aprendizagem na pandemia COVID-19: Diretrizes e ferramentas educacionais / Learning issues in the COVID-19 pandemic: Educational guidelines and tools

Aprimoramento no processo educacional tem sido enfoque de profissionais distintos a fim de proporcionar benefícios ao aluno no processo de aprendizagem ou no seu desenvolvimento psicológico, físico e social. Entretanto, em decorrência da pandemia de COVID-19, fez-se necessário a adaptação para um novo contexto e, em específico, que atendesse às demandas da educação básica transpassando as atividades, até então presenciais, para o modelo digital. Mediante a esse cenário, este estudo perpassa as diretrizes que orientam os profissionais da educação, as problemáticas oriundas do ensino remoto e as ferramentas tecnológicas para a prática do ensino no período citado. Com base no arcabouço teórico disponível, o presente estudo pautou-se em uma revisão narrativa da literatura científica. Os achados indicam a importância das diretrizes enquanto políticas públicas para a unificação do processo educacional e estratégias para a adaptação na utilização de ferramentas digitais. Porém, o contexto de ensino remoto, seja por meio de aulas síncronas ou assíncronas, também enfatiza a desigualdade social persistente no Brasil e outros prejuízos ao aluno, sejam eles desenvolvimentais ou relacionados à aprendizagem. Com isso, são evidenciados prejuízos para alunos que apresentam uma condição socioeconômica inferior, que tendem a não possuir acesso a estas diferentes tecnologias e, independentemente desse fator, os prejuízos educacionais presentes no processo da aprendizagem e nas dinâmicas não realizadas no ambiente escolar devido ao distanciamento social.

Improvement in the educational process has been the focus of different professionals in order to provide benefits to the student in the learning process or in their psychological, physical and social development. However, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, it was necessary to adapt to a new context and, in particular, to meet the demands of basic education, transferring the activities, until then face-to-face, to the digital model. Given this scenario, this study permeates the guidelines that guide education professionals, the problems arising from remote teaching and the technological tools for the practice of teaching in the aforementioned period. Based on the available theoretical framework, the present study was based on a narrative review of the scientific literature. The findings indicate the importance of guidelines as public policies for the unification of the educational process and strategies for adapting to the use of digital tools. However, the context of remote teaching, whether through synchronous or asynchronous classes, also emphasizes persistent social inequality in Brazil and other damages to the student, whether developmental or related to learning. As a result, losses are evident for students who have a lower socioeconomic condition, who tend not to have access to these different technologies and, regardless of this factor, the educational losses present in the learning process and in the dynamics not carried out in the school environment due to the social distance.

Aprendizaje colaborativo en la plataforma WhatsApp y el teléfono celular en tiempos de pandemia / Collaborative learning in the WhatsApp platform and the cellphone during pandemic times

Introducción: La pandemia COVID-19, causada por el virus SARS-CoV-2, y su exponencial crecimiento y migración a todos los continentes del globo terráqueo, provocaron una parálisis en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en las instituciones que no contaban con infraestructura en línea para el desarrollo de las actividades docentes de manera virtual. Objetivo: Exponer los retos, las soluciones y los aprendizajes que formaron parte del proceso para preservar las discusiones de casos clínicos en grupos pequeños de estudiantes durante las fases de cuarentena obligatoria de la pandemia en Sudáfrica. Métodos: Se aplicaron las fases de la investigación-acción adaptadas a las prácticas educacionales. En su ejecución participaron los 103 estudiantes del segundo año del grado de bachiller en Medicina y Cirugía, y sus 10 tutores. El módulo de Neurociencias fue el contexto educativo en el período comprendido entre abril y julio de 2020. Resultados: Se crearon chats de comunicación entre los actores del proceso. El módulo se prolongó en duración, y flexibilizó la frecuencia y el horario de las tutorías. Se redujo el número de secciones a develar de los casos y en cada una se introdujeron tareas que guiaron a aplicar contenidos derivados de los objetivos de aprendizaje. Se escogió la aplicación WhatsApp como la plataforma donde se realizarían las sesiones de tutoría. Conclusiones: El desplazamiento del aprendizaje colaborativo de las tutorías a la aplicación WhatsApp convirtió a esta plataforma en un aula virtual accesible en áreas de pobre conectividad. Los reajustes en la extensión y duración de los casos, y las nuevas tareas en sus secciones, se adaptaron a un proceso de asimilación más lento y con más opciones de mediación. Múltiples y variados resultaron los aprendizajes para los actores del proceso; vale destacar el humano y el tecnológico.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, as well as its exponential growth and migration to all continents of the globe, caused a paralysis in the teaching-learning process in institutions that did not have online infrastructure for the development of virtual teaching activities. Objective: To expose the challenges, solutions and learning that were part of the process for preserving clinical case discussions in small groups of students during the mandatory quarantine phases of the pandemic in South Africa. Methods: Action research phases adapted to educational practices were applied. All 103 second-year Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery students and their ten tutors participated in its execution. The Neurosciences module was the educational context in the period from April to July 2020. Results: Communication chats were created between the actors of the process. The module was extended in length, and the frequency and schedule of tutoring sessions was made more flexible. The number of sections to be unveiled from the cases was reduced; each section included guiding tasks for applying contents derived from the learning objectives. The WhatsApp application was chosen as the platform where the tutoring sessions would take place. Conclusions: The shift of collaborative learning from tutorials to the WhatsApp application turned this platform into a virtual classroom accessible in areas of poor connectivity. The length readjustments in the cases, as well as the new tasks in their sections, were adapted to a slower assimilation process and with more mediation options. There were multiple and varied learning experiences for the actors in the process; it is worth highlighting the human and technological aspects.

Estágio curricular supervisionado em Educação Física: antes e durante a pandemia de Covid-19 / Supervised school placement in Physical Education: before and during the Covid-19 pandemic / Prácticas supervisadas en Educación Física: antes y durante la pandemia Covid-19

Este texto se reporta as experiências de iniciação à docência de um estagiário do curso de Educação Física de uma universidade pública do sul do Brasil que realizou o estágio curricular supervisionado (ECS) em contexto presencial e remoto. Os apontamentos perpassam a diferenças sentidas, os desafios e aprendizagens que impactaram no aprendizado do exercício da docência. Dessa forma, se destaca as experiencias derivadas da reformulação pedagógica do ECS, como por exemplo, análise de documentos, criação de videoaulas e podcast que representaram momentos de escolha e organização de procedimentos didáticos-metodológicos coerentes com as especificidades da etapa educacional. Como considerações, aponta-se que houve o esforço em se adequar as urgências ao mesmo tempo em que se pensou em estratégias para que os acadêmicos revisitassem questões acerca a prática pedagógica, além de tentar aproximá-los do atualcontexto educacional.

This text reports on the experiences of initiation to teaching by the supervised school placement (SSP)in the Physical Education course of a public university in southern Brazil about remote learning context. The notes permeate the differences felt, the challenges and learning that impacted the teaching practice. Thus, the experiences derived from the pedagogical reformulation of the SSP stand out, such as document analysis, creation of video classes and podcasts that represented moments of choice and organization of didactic-methodological procedures consistent with the specificities of the educational stage. As considerations, it is pointed out that there was an effort to adapt as emergencies at the same time as the focus was for academics to revisit the issues about pedagogical practice, in addition to trying to bring them closer to the current educational context

Este texto informa sobre las experiencias de iniciación a la docencia por parte de las prácticas supervisadas (PS) en la formación de los profesores en el curso de Educación Física de una universidad pública del sur de Brasil sobre el contexto del aprendizaje a distancia. Las notas impregnan las diferencias sentidas, los desafíos y aprendizajes que impactaron la docencia. Así, se destacan las experiencias derivadas de la reformulación pedagógica de las PS, como el análisis de documentos, la creación de videoclases y podcasts que representaron momentos de elección y organización de procedimientos didáctico-metodológicos acordes con las especificidades de la etapa educativa. Como consideraciones, se señala que se hizo un esfuerzo de adaptación como emergenciasal mismo tiempo que se enfocó que los académicos revisaran los temas sobre la práctica pedagógica, además de intentar acercarlos al contexto educativoactual.

The students' point of view on the teaching of anatomy at the Universidad del Norte, Colombia, amid the covid-19 pandemic / El punto de vista de los estudiantes sobre la enseñanza de anatomía en la Universidad del Norte, Colombia, en medio de la pandemia de covid-19

SUMMARY: The Covid-19 pandemic has disrupted long-standing educational practices. In Colombia, online learning depends on academic and non-academic factors, and this dependence makes e-learning even more difficult. This paper aimed to study the students' viewpoint of Anatomy teaching at Universidad del Norte, Colombia, during the Covid-19 pandemic. One hundred sixteen students answered a questionnaire about their opinions on several topics related to online learning of Anatomy. The strongest correlation observed showed that the students agree that online anatomy classes make the subject more difficult to learn when compared to face-to-face lectures. Negative attitudes toward motivation, lack of personal contact with classmates, and complaints about being taught without laboratory sessions with cadavers were among the principal negative attitudes in students. After almost one year, motivation to participate in online classes went down; however, students improved their judgment about remote anatomy learning and their views about using authentic anatomy images during online sessions and substituting real anatomy images for apps. Anatomy sessions will have to adapt their learning tools to e-learning as time constraints allow, creating a new environment for students to participate, learn, and take advantage of this change.

RESUMEN: La pandemia de Covid-19 ha interrumpido las prácticas educativas de larga data. En Colombia, el aprendizaje en línea depende de factores académicos y no académicos, y esta dependencia dificulta aún más el e-learning. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo estudiar el punto de vista de los estudiantes sobre la enseñanza de Anatomía en la Universidad del Norte, Colombia, durante la pandemia Covid-19. Ciento dieciséis estudiantes respondieron un cuestionario sobre sus opiniones sobre varios temas relacionados con el aprendizaje en línea de Anatomía. La correlación más fuerte observada mostró que los estudiantes están de acuerdo en que las clases de anatomía en línea hacen que la asignatura sea más difícil de aprender en comparación con las clases presenciales. Las actitudes negativas hacia la motivación, la falta de contacto personal con los compañeros y las quejas de que se les enseñe sin sesiones de laboratorio con cadáveres fueron algunas de las principales actitudes negativas de los estudiantes. Después de casi un año, la motivación para participar en clases en línea disminuyó; sin embargo, los estudiantes mejoraron su juicio sobre el aprendizaje remoto de anatomía y sus puntos de vista sobre el uso de imágenes de anatomía auténticas durante las sesiones en línea y la sustitución de aplicaciones por imágenes de anatomía real. Las sesiones de anatomía deberán adaptar sus herramientas de aprendizaje al e-learning según lo permitan las limitaciones de tiempo, creando un nuevo entorno para que los estudiantes participen, aprendan y aprovechen este cambio.

Atividades pedagógicas não presenciais em tempo de pandemia: contribuições a partir da psicologia histórico-cultural / Non-attendance teaching activities in times of pandemics: contributions from historical-cultural psychology / Actividades de enseñanza no presencial en tiempo de pandemia: contribuciones de la psicología histórico-cultural

A suspensão das aulas presenciais em virtude da pandemia de Covid- 19 atingiu todos os sistemas de ensino e, a partir de então, algumas instituições têm adotado as chamadas atividades pedagógicas não presenciais (APNP). O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar, a partir da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural, as mediações relacionadas às APNP no contexto do distanciamento social. Problematizamos o uso dos termos ensino e aula, pois ambos configuram atividades relacionais, dialéticas e dialógicas, experiências coletivas que se materializam no encontro. Realizamos um caminho de análise tendo a categoria mediação como escopo para pensar os processos de aprender e ensinar. Tecemos considerações sobre o lugar da escola na contemporaneidade e sobre o conjunto de relações que permeiam o trabalho com o conhecimento, inclusive na sua forma remota. Apontamos algumas pistas para avaliar este momento em que instituições de ensino adotaram as APNP e apresentamos implicações e perspectivas sobre o retorno à situação presencial.

The suspension of in-person classes due to the Covid-19 pandemic affected all education systems and, since then, some institutions have adopted the so-called non-attendance pedagogical activities (NAPA). The aim of this article was to analyze, from the Historical-Cultural Psychology, the mediations related to NAPA in the context of social distancing. We problematize the use of the terms teaching and class, as both configure relational, dialectical and dialogic activities, collective experiences that materialize in the encounter. We carried out an analysis path having the mediation category as a scope to think about the processes of learning and teaching. We make considerations about the place of the school in contemporaneity and about the set of relationships that permeate the work with knowledge, even in its remote form. We point out some clues to assess this moment when educational institutions adopted NAPA and present implications and perspectives on the return to the presential situation.

Suspender las clases presenciales debido a la pandemia de Covid-19 afectó a todos los sistemas educativos y, desde entonces, algunas instituciones Adoptaron las actividades pedagógicas no presenciales (APNP). El objetivo de este artículo fue analizar, desde la Psicología Histórico-Cultural, las mediaciones relacionadas con APNP contextualizada por la distancia social. Problematizamos el uso de los términos enseñanza y clase, porque ambos configuran actividades relacionales, dialécticas y dialógicas, experiencias colectivas que se materializan en el encuentro. Realizamos una ruta de análisis con la categoría de mediación como ámbito para pensar sobre los procesos de aprendizaje y enseñanza. Hacemos consideraciones sobre el lugar de la escuela en los tiempos contemporáneos y el conjunto de relaciones que impregnan el trabajo con el conocimiento, incluso en su forma remota. Señalamos pistas para evaluar este momento cuando las instituciones educativas adoptaron el APNP y presentan implicaciones y perspectivas sobre el regreso a la situación presencial.

Orientação educacional com psicanálise: um lugar de escuta em tempos de escola remota / Orientación educativa con psicoanálisis: un lugar de escucha en tiempos de escuela / Educational guidance with psychoanalysis: a place of listening in times of remote school / Orientation pédagogique avec la psychanalyse: un lieu d'écoute en période d'école éloignée

O presente artigo traz, a partir da análise das falas dos atendimentos realizados pela orientação educacional no período de ensino remoto, efeitos e reflexões que um espaço de escuta pode produzir durante a pandemia de COVID-19. De modo virtual, a busca pelo Serviço de Orientação Educacional seguiu acontecendo, e trouxe pontos que nos são caros para pensar a parentalidade na atualidade. À luz da psicanálise, discute-se dois apontamentos a partir dos atendimentos realizados: o primeiro localiza-se justamente na demanda que é levada à escola, sinalizando um apelo ao saber sobre a criança à quem supõe-se saber sobre toda criança. O segundo diz respeito ao discurso dos pais sobre o filho - que revela algo para além daquilo que se apresenta.

Este artículo trae, a partir del análisis discursivo de la asistencia prestada por la orientación educativa en el período de la educación a distancia, los efectos y reflexiones que pueden producir un espacio de escucha durante la pandemia de COVID-19. De manera virtual, la búsqueda del Servicio de Orientación Educativa continuó y trajo puntos que nos son valiosos para pensar en la paternidad hoy en día. A la luz del psicoanálisis, se discuten dos apuntes en función de los servicios prestados: el primero se encuentra precisamente en la demanda que se lleva a la escuela, señalando una apelación para saber sobre el niño de aquel que debe supuestamente saber sobre todos los niños. El segundo se refiere al discurso de los padres sobre el niño, que revela algo más allá de lo que se presenta.

This present article brings trough the discursive analysis of the services provide from the educational guidance in the remote teaching period, effects and reflections that a listening space can provide during the COVID-19 pandemic. In a virtual mode, the search for the Educational Guidence Service kept happening and brought up valuable points to us to think about parenthood these days. In the light of psychoanalyses it is discussed two different notes from the services provided: the first one is precisely located on the demand that is taken to school, signaling an appeal to know about the child from whom it is supposed to know about every child. The second one is about the parents' speech about the child, that reveals somenthing beyond that what is presented.

Ce présent article apporte, à partir de l'analyse discursive de l'assistance fournie par l' orientation pédagogique dans la période d'enseignement à distance, des effets et des réflexions qu'un espace d'écoute peut produire pendant la pandémie COVID-19. Dans un mode virtuel, la recherche du Service d'orientation pédagogique en a continué et a soulevé des points qui nous sont chers pour réfléchir à la parentalité aujourd'hui. À la lumière de la psychanalyse, il est discuté deux notes différentes des services fournis: la première est précisément située sur la demande qui est emmenée à l'école, signalant un appel au savoir sur l'enfant à qui on suppose savoir à propos de chaque enfant. Le second concerne le discours des parents sur l'enfant - qui révèle quelque chose au-delà de ce qui est présenté.

Integration of a virtual pharmacy simulation platform in remote learning: Experiences and early lessons of UP College of Pharmacy

@#The COVID-19 pandemic created the urgent need to use online and virtual platforms to facilitate development of skills and competencies as part of remote learning of students. MyDispense®, a learning management system developed by Monash University in Australia, is a practice-based online tool utilized by the University of the Philippines College of Pharmacy to teach dispensing skills in Dispensing and Incompatibilities courses (Phar 154 and Pharm 133). This commentary describes how MyDispense® was used as an online retail pharmacy simulation through the SEIPS (Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety) model, with discussion on how the person, tasks, organization, tools and technology, and virtual environment work within the teaching and learning process in dispensing. The application of MyDispense® as a learning platform both in remote and traditional teaching can be further explored to maximize its features and utility.

Thriving in remote learning: Promoting self-regulated learning of students in an online learning context

@#The shift to remote learning during the pandemic highlighted the importance of self-regulated learning (SRL). Education scholars posit that SRL promotes positive remote learning experiences in various student populations. Students cannot be expected to be self-regulated learners in a remote setup by exposing themselves to online courses alone. Thus, the Department of Occupational Therapy of the University of the Philippines Manila College of Allied Medical Professions created a webinar based on the constructs of SRL to aid students in transitioning to this setup. The webinar was organized for students to understand the concept of SRL and to identify SRL strategies they can use. Faculty shared practical tips, personal experiences, and contextualized examples on how students can use these strategies to thrive in the remote setup. Given the positive feedback, there is value found in similar activities to utilizing SRL dimensions to prepare students for remote learning. Recommendations for future studies about SRL are stated.

Extent of self-regulated learning among Allied Health Students in an online environment

Background@#The shift to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic has caused students to experience several challenges in their academic lives. A strategy that may assist in mitigating these challenges and facilitating students' positive adaptation to online learning is the promotion of self-regulated learning (SRL). However, SRL is underexplored in the context of health sciences students. @*Objectives@#This study aimed to describe the extent and examine the nature of SRL of allied health students in a fully remote learning environment. @*Methodology@#This is a cross-sectional online survey study. Data were collected online using Qualtrics. Descriptive statistics and confirmatory factor analysis were used to determine the extent and nature of SRL, respectively. @*Results@#Responses from 241 participants show that students had a mean self-regulated learning score of 82.80 out of 120 (SD=12.68). Of the dimensions of SRL, students had higher scores in environmental structuring, time management, and self-evaluation than the other dimensions. A six-factor second-order model of self-regulation showed adequate model-data fit (χ2=673.88, CFI=0.95, TLI=0.95, SRMR=0.09, RMSEA=0.09 [90% CI=0.08-0.09]). @*Conclusion@#Health science students showed a high level of SRL; SRL for these students is adequately measured using the six dimensions of goal setting, environmental structuring, tasks strategies, time management, help seeking, and self-evaluation. The results indicate the value of understanding the extent and nature of SRL as a first step in planning strategies to support learning and student success in remote environments.

Cuidados paliativos e o ensino médico mediado por tecnologias: avaliação da aquisição de competências / Palliative care and technology-mediated learning: assessment of the acquisition of competencies

Resumo: Introdução: O ensino de cuidados paliativos (CP) é essencial na educação médica. Devido à pandemia da Sars-Cov-2, foi necessário adaptar o ensino presencial para o mediado por tecnologias, e não se sabia se o método era capaz de proporcionar a aquisição de competências aos estudantes. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar se ocorreu a aquisição de competências em CP entre os estudantes de Medicina matriculados em uma disciplina de CP mediada por tecnologias. Método: Estudantes de Medicina matriculados na disciplina de CP mediada por tecnologias foram convidados para participar do estudo. Ao longo de sete semanas, abordaram-se as temáticas essenciais dos CP. Houve atividades síncronas e assíncronas, estudo dirigido, problematização e simulação sem pacientes reais. Utilizou-se o questionário PalliComp antes do início das atividades didáticas e ao final para avaliar a aquisição de competências. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística. Resultado: Dos 45 estudantes matriculados, 37 responderam ao questionário PalliComp antes da disciplina e 32 no final. A amostra foi constituída de 68,9% de mulheres e 31,1% de homens, com idade média de 23,9 ± 3,5 anos. O escore geral de competências elevou-se de 63,9 ± 14,7 para 74,9 ± 14,6 (0,001) em uma escala que variava de 0 a 100. A elevação estatisticamente significativa ocorreu nas competências relacionadas ao conceito de CP (< 0,001), à abordagem de sintomas físicos (0,004) e psicoemocionais (< 0,001), à família (0,03) e à tomada de decisão ética (0,05). Não mostraram diferença as competências de abordagens social (0,07) e espiritual (0,13), trabalho em equipe (0,67), comunicação (1,00) e autodesenvolvimento (0,13). Conclusão: Houve aquisição geral de competências em CP entre estudantes de Medicina, e a estratégia de ensino em uma disciplina específica mediada por tecnologias se mostrou válida.

Abstract: Introduction: Teaching palliative care is essential in medical education. The pandemic forced the adaptation of classroom learning to technology-mediated learning, and it is not known whether the method would adequately provide students with the acquisition of competencies. Objective: To assess whether palliative care competencies are acquired by medical students enrolled in a technology-mediated palliative care discipline. Methods: Medical students enrolled in the technology-mediated palliative care discipline were invited to participate in the study. Over a seven-week period, the essential themes of palliative care were addressed. There were synchronous and asynchronous activities, directed study, problematization and simulation without real patients. The PalliComp questionnaire was used prior to the beginning of the teaching activities and at the end to assess the acquisition of competencies. The data obtained were submitted to statistical analysis. Results: Of the 45 students enrolled, 37 answered the PalliComp questionnaire before the course and 32 at the end. The sample consisted of 68.9% women and 31.1% men, with a mean age of 23.9 ± 3.5 years. The overall competency score increased from 63.9 ± 14.7 to 74.9 ± 14.6 (0.001) on a scale ranging from 0 to 100. Statistically significant increases were found in the competencies related to the concept of palliative care (<0.001), approach to physical symptoms (0.004), psycho-emotional (<0.001), family (0.03) and ethical decision-making (0.05). No difference was found in the competencies of social approach (0.07), spiritual (0.13), teamwork (0.67), communication (1.00) and self-development (0.13). Conclusion: A general acquisition of competencies in palliative care was verified among medical students and the technology-mediated learning strategy in a specific discipline proved to be valid.

A PRECEDE-PROCEED approach in the advocacy for computer-based education on correct medical certification of cause of death among physician-learners

Objective@#Mortality data is a critical input to public health decision-making and planning. Yet, about 36% of underlying causes of death reported by physicians in 2018 are considered garbage codes, not useful in analyzing public health and mortality (PSA, 2018). We used the PRECEDE-PROCEED approach to develop, implement, and report an advocacy and education Project to improve training on medical certification of cause of death (MCCOD) among senior medical students and interns.@*Methods@#An MCCOD Instructional Design and eLearning course was introduced and validated in 33 medical education institutions. Lessons enhanced these education materials and are proposed for nationwide adoption. In the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Project fast-tracked the training of physician-learners on the correct cause of death reporting and certification. @*Results@#Awareness of correct MCCOD and its personal and public health value reached at least 4000 learners, over a hundred medical faculty, and all deans of medical colleges in the Philippines. @*Conclusion@#The PRECEDE-PROCEED Model provided a clear and practicable framework for the advocacy and education efforts to train senior medical students and interns on MCCOD. It can similarly guide other medical education innovations by defining predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors then considering these factors for intervention strategies, implementation, process evaluation, outcome evaluations, and impact evaluations.

O Telessaúde como estratégia de educação permanente em saúde dos trabalhadores do SUS / "Telessaude" as a strategy for permanent health education of SUS healthcare workers / El Telesalud como una estrategia de educación permanente en salud de los trabajadores del SUS

O estudo tem como objetivo apresentar a experiência da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de Sergipe e da Fundação Estadual de Saúde quanto ao processo de implantação de dispositivos de Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS) para os trabalhadores da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) por meio da estratégia denominada "Telessaúde". A experiência configurou-se na implantação de pontos descentralizados do Telessaúde, contemplando equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família nas sete regiões de saúde do estado, com cobertura de 98,7% dos municípios. O desenvolvimento do programa se deu a partir de três diretrizes principais: (A) Teleconsultoria; (B) Segunda Opinião Formativa; e (C) Estratégias de Educação a Distância. Paralelamente a essas diretrizes foram desenvolvidas ações de integração entre as instituições de ensino e as Secretarias Municipais e Estadual de Saúde no intuito de fortalecer as diretrizes do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Destaca-se o Telessaúde como uma ferramenta eficiente para ampliar o acesso dos trabalhadores às ações de educação permanente com vistas à melhoria da assistência em saúde em Sergipe e ao cumprimento dos princípios de universalidade, integralidade, equidade e resolutividade. As diretrizes de formação dos trabalhadores em saúde exigem, portanto, o aprimoramento de suas estratégias tanto na dimensão pedagógica quanto na político-institucional.

This is an experience report on the Sergipe Health Secretary Office regarding the implementation process of permanent health education (PHE) devices for primary care workers following the "Telesaude" strategy. The experience consisted in the installation of decentralized "Telesaude" hubs covering Family Health Strategy teams in all 7 regions belonging to the state of Sergipe and reaching 98.7% coverage at the town/district level. The implementation of the program followed three primary strategies: (A) Teleconsultation; (B) Formal Second Opinion, and (C) Long Distance Healthcare Education. In parallel, actions to integrate educational institutions and Health Secretary Offices at the local and state levels were sought to solidify the implementation of SUS principles. "Telesaude" is considered an efficient tool to enhance access of healthcare workers to permanent health education opportunities with the goal of improving healthcare assistance in Sergipe and following the principles of universality, integrality, equity, and resolutivity. Healthcare worker training directives demand enhancement of its strategies in both the educational and political/institutional dimensions.

El estudio objetiva presentar la experiencia de la Secretaría de Salud del Estado de Sergipe y la Fundación Estadual de Salud en cuanto al proceso de implantación de dispositivos de Educación Permanente en Salud (EPS) para los trabajadores de Atención Primaria de Salud (APS) mediante la estrategia titulada "Telesalud". La experiencia se caracteriza por la implantación de puntos descentralizados de Telesalud, abarcando equipos de la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia en las siete regiones de salud del estado, en el 98,7% de los municipios. El programa se desarrolló con base en tres ejes principales: (A) Teleconsulta; (B) Segunda Opinión Formativa; y (C) Estrategias de Educación a Distancia. Junto a estos, se desarrollaron acciones de integración entre las instituciones educativas y las Secretarías de Salud Municipal y del Estado con el fin de fortalecer las directrices del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS). El telesalud se destaca como una herramienta eficaz para ampliar el acceso de los trabajadores a acciones de educación permanente con miras a mejorar la asistencia sanitaria en Sergipe y cumplir con los principios de universalidad, integralidad, equidad y resolubilidad. Las directrices para la formación de los trabajadores de la salud requieren, por tanto, la optimización de sus estrategias tanto en la dimensión pedagógica como en la político-institucional.