Advances in reverse genetics systems for rotavirus / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Reverse genetics approaches can directly manipulate the genome of virus at the gene level, making it possible to quickly, directly and thoroughly study the mechanisms of virus replication and pathogenesis. At present, many viruses of the family Reoviridae, such as mammalian orthoreovirus ( MRV) and bluetongue virus ( BTV) , have made great progress in basic viral research using the powerful tool of re-verse genetics. However, for members of the genus Rotavirus in the family Reoviridae, progress in the con-struction of reverse genetic systems has been slow. The remarkable reverse genetics system based on helper-viruses was established in 2006, and it was not until 2017 that the entirely plasmid-based reverse genetics system was successfully established. This paper briefly reviewed the development of reverse genetics systems for rotavirus and prospected the direction for future research in order to provide technical support for acceler-ating the basic research on mechanisms of rotavirus infection.

Hepatitis por Rotavirus: A propósito de un caso / Rotavirus hepatitis: About a case

Introducción: La infección por rota virus se ha reconocido como un patógeno en el humano y causante de enfermedad diarreica grave; la infección se ha asociado con meningitis aséptica, enterocolitis necrotizante, miositis aguda , abscesos hepáticos, neumonía, enfermedad de Kawasaki , síndrome de muerte súbita y enfermedad de Crohn. En este caso se informa la asociación con hepatitis infecciosa. Caso Clínico: Masculino, con colitis alérgica a las proteínas de la leche de vaca y de la soya, desde el nacimiento. Al mes y medio presenta enfermedad diarreica por rota virus asociada a hepatitis. Conclusiones: Tradicionalmente se ha considerado que es una infección del intestino delgado y que todos los eventos fisiopatologicos son el resultado de este tipo de lesión y de la intolerancia alimentaria que provoca a nivel local, sin embargo se han informado enfermedades que se presentan en otros órganos, como respuesta a la infección viral del sistema digestivo. En esta ocasión la invasión por el virus provoca daño hepático.

We describe a 3- month-old infant that was diagnosed with hepatitis secondary to infection by the rotavirus. The rotavirus has been recognized as a human pathogen that has been associated with severe diarrhea, aseptic meningitis, necrotizing enterocolitis, acute miositis, hepatic abscesses, pneumonia, Kawasaki disease, sudden infant death syndrome, and inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn’s. To our knowledge, only three reports have associated the rotavirus with acute hepatitis, however, one of the three reports was in an immunodeficient patient. In this report we present another case of acute hepatitis secondary to the rotavirus, in an immunocompetent patient.

Advancement of Reovirus-based therapy for cancer / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Reovirus,a kind of oncolytic viruses, is seldom pathogenic, but is selectively able to replicate in cancer cells through activation of Ras signaling. Pre-clinical studies have demonstrated that treatment with reovirus is associated with significant anticancer activity across a range of tumor types. Further clinical evaluation of reovirus therapy has shown that it is well tolerated when administered locally or systemically. Encouraging anticancer efficacy has been observed with single-agent treatment and in combination with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. High safety and promising efficacy of reovirus has raised hopes that it will become a new anticancqt agent.

Emerging a member of reoviridae family associated with acute encephalitis syndrome in Gia Lai province, 2005

Background: In recent years, some arbo viruses which causes acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) have been identified in serveral countries in the world such as Chandipura virus belonging to Rhabdoviridae family in India, Banna virus belonging to Reoviridae family in China. In Vietnam, apart from Japanese Encephalitis Virus which is considered as main cause of AES, there are a few intestinal viruses like Herpes symplex virus type 1 and 4 and Nam Dinh virus considering other causes of AES. Objective: To identify the hyppothesis that one virus strain parasitizing in mosquito in Gia Lai province causes AES in order to provide more information about virus strains which cause AES in Vietnam. Subjects and method: Aedes albopictus cell line clone C6/36 was used for the isolation of virus in 43 cerebrospinal fluid samples of patients who were treated in Gia Lai hospital, from January/2005 to July/2005. Result and Conclusion: One virus strain from a 3-year old girl in Gia Lai province was isolated in 2005. The virus coded 05VN225 has the morphology similar to other viruses belonging to Reoviridea family.The nucleic acid sequence of the virus was checked with specific primers of alphavirus and flavirus groups, Nam Dinh virus and Conti virus group B (reovirus) of the Reoviridae. The positive result was confirmed with reovirus primers. This member of the Reoviridae family was isolated from acute encephalitis syndrome in Vietnam in 2005. Further study on pathology of the virus is very necessary.

Serotype and Nucleotide Analysis of Human Rotavirus Isolates in Korea

Rotaviruses belong to Reoviridae causes diarrhea in human beings as well as domestic animals. This study was conducted to see what type of human rotaviruses are distributed in Seoul and Kyung-gi province. Twenty two of 81 patients showed rotavirus positive with diagnostic kit and RNA electropherosis. We isolated all of rotaviruses from the patients. Electropherotypes of 22 isolates showed 4:2:3 :2 patters whereas those migration patterns were long type. All of those isolates belonged to group 4. Twenty out of 22 isolates reacted with monoclonal antibodies specific to G1, P1A and subgroup II, whereas rest of them, 4-29 and K-30 reacted with subgroup I specific monoclonal antibody. The nucleotide sequence of an isolate K-21 showed 98~100% and 90~96% homologies with those of Wa and KU strain, respectively.

Serotype and Nucleotide Analysis of Human Rotavirus Isolates in Korea

Rotaviruses belong to Reoviridae causes diarrhea in human beings as well as domestic animals. This study was conducted to see what type of human rotaviruses are distributed in Seoul and Kyung-gi province. Twenty two of 81 patients showed rotavirus positive with diagnostic kit and RNA electropherosis. We isolated all of rotaviruses from the patients. Electropherotypes of 22 isolates showed 4:2:3 :2 patters whereas those migration patterns were long type. All of those isolates belonged to group 4. Twenty out of 22 isolates reacted with monoclonal antibodies specific to G1, P1A and subgroup II, whereas rest of them, 4-29 and K-30 reacted with subgroup I specific monoclonal antibody. The nucleotide sequence of an isolate K-21 showed 98~100% and 90~96% homologies with those of Wa and KU strain, respectively.