The Utility Of Boger Boenninghausen’s Characteristics And Repertory In Cases Of Lower Urinary Tract Infection In Women

Background:Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most frequent clinical bacterial infections in women,accounting for nearly 25%of all infections. Around 50–60% of women will develop UTIs in their lifetimes. Present study shows the efficacy of BBCR in cases of Lower Urinary tract infection in women. Objective: To ascertain the role of BBCR Management of lower urinary tract infections. Material and Methods: Purposive Sampling for research purpose will be done. Selection ofthe medicine will be according to concept of Method of Repertorisation given by Dr Boger. Selection ofthe potency and repetition was based on the laws of homoeopathic Posology described in Organon of medicine Result: This study showed a significant relief to women suffering from lower urinary tractinfections. Many patients who were facing difficulty or uneasiness in their day-to day schedule couldattend it with best ability. Conclusion: This study has concluded the great utility of BBCR repertory infinding similimum for cases of LUTI in women.

To Study The Role Of Zingiber In Management Of Acute Summer Diarrhoea In Children

Background:In summer due to heat there may occur shortage of water so people try to get water from anywhere, even purification system is weak due to water shortage causing chance of water getting infected from various bacilli causing water borne diseases like Diarrhoea, Dysentery, Cholera, Typhoid etc. Some other factors like eating ice-creams, ice-gola, out-side unhygienic food, swimming in unclean swimming pool plays important role in development of acute diarrhoea. This study has been done in order to study role of Zingiber in reducing duration, intensity and frequency of summer diarrhoea. So that morbidity due to summer diarrhoea as well as general condition of the patients can be taken care of effectively, gently in a cost-effective manner. Material and Methods:This study is a prospective, clinical, interventional study .Sample of 30 cases had been selected by simple randomized method from Bhavnagar district from Swami Vivekananda homoeopathic medical college and hospital as well as my private OPD at Vrushti Homoeopathic clinic,Jail Road, Bhavnagar. Result:In this study age group of 0-3 and 3-6 are found more liable to get summer diarrhoea .As far as sex distribution is concern male: female is almost same. Cold food, cold drink, ice gola, out-side food, drinking impure water and swimming are found as major causative factors. As far as miasms are concern more cases (almost 60%) are found to have psora in background.Zingiber was used in various potencies in diarrhoea cases and assessment was done on the basis of improvement in terms of reducing intensity, duration and frequency of cases of acute summer diarrhoea. Purposive Sampling for research purpose has been done. Selection of the medicine is according to totality of symptoms. Selection of the potency and repetition was based on laws of Homeopathic Posology which is described in Organon of medicine. Cases were followed for 6 months. Conclusion:There is a better scope in Homoeopathic for the treatment of summer diarrhoea, since the treatment is based on holistic and individualistic approach. A homoeopathic remedy Zingiber not only annihilates the disease but also prevents the complications associated with it.

Likelihood Ratio And Repertory: A Useful Tool To Update Our Repertories

Background:Homoeopathic Science is focusing on the scientific explanation regarding its medicinal action and prescriptions in language of Research and Methodology. Whenever the word Research is there in any area, statistics comes automatically for presentation of theresearch findings. Homoeopathy accepts various Statistical Methods in its research studies to show their efficacy in Medical Science. Likelihood ratio is one of the statistical tools that help Physicians to develop skill in diagnosis of the various disease conditions. In Homoeopathic Science, this tool is not only helpful in case management but also help us to update our Repertories with its scientific data obtained by various case studies. So, let’s explore this tool named Likelihood ratio and its utilityin Homoeopathic Tool named Repertory. Material And Methods:It is a type of analytical study with following inclusion and exclusion criteria.Inclusion criteria:Most frequently cited articles of likelihood ratio were included. Exclusion criteria: publications of article based on likelihood ratio before year 2000 AD were excluded from study.Result:Less than 9 articles with most frequent citation wereeligible for study. There was scarcityof data regarding likelihood ratio in Homoeopathic Science.Conclusion:Many research papersregarding utility of likelihood ratio and repertories are present in Homoeopathic world but still the concept is not able to put a great impact on Homoeopath’s mind.Acceptance of this tool may help us to improve our Homoeopathic practice as well as standards of our Homoeopathy in Medical Science.

The Utility Of Boger Boenninghausens Characteristics And Repertory In Cases Of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

Background:In today’s era cases of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection are increasing all over the world. The present study shows the efficacy of BBCR in cases of upper respiratory tract infection Objective: To ascertain the role of BBCR Management of Upper respiratory tract infections. Material And Methods:Purposive Sampling for research purpose will be done. Selection of the medicine will be according to concept of Method of Repertorisation given by Dr. Boger. Selection of the potency and repetition was based on laws of Homeopathic Posology which is described in Organon of medicine. Result:In study mostly adults are more affected and acute cases are more present. Mostly higher potency was used. Conclusion:Our study has concluded theGreat utility of BBCR in finding the indicated medicines for cases of URTI.

A importância do conceito de perejivanie na constituição de agentes transformadores / The importance of the concept perezhivanie in the constitution of transformative agent

Este artigo discute a importância do conceito de perejivanie para repensar o desenvolvimento dos sujeitos como agentes transformadores, que possam desencadear mudanças no âmbito do coletivo. Para tal, entrelaça estudos sobre mobilidade e repertório, com base na Linguística Aplicada, ao conceito vigotskiano de perejivanie, com o intuito de expandir a compreensão de como se processa o desenvolvimento dos sujeitos. Assim, parte da construção de recursos semióticos reiteráveis, tendo em vista as perejivanie vividas e recuperadas como histórias invocadas para a construção de novas formas de ser e agir. Em contextos ensino-aprendizagem, esse conceito parece assumir um papel central.

This article discusses the importance of the concept of perezhivanie in order to rethink the subjects' development as transformative agents, who can trigger transformations in the collective context. To do so, it intersects studies of mobility and repertoire, based on Applied Linguistics, with the Vygotskian concept of perezhivanie aiming to expand the understanding of how the subjects' development is carried out. Thus, it starts with the construction of recurrent semiotic resources, bearing in mind the lived perezhivanii that are recovered as invoked stories for the construction of new ways of being and acting. In teaching-learning contexts, this concept seems to acquire an essential role.

Solitary functioning kidney in children: clinical implications / Rim solitário em funcionamento em crianças: implicações clínicas

ABSTRACT Introduction: Children with solitary functioning kidney (SFK) are prone to develop long term problems, which are not well represented in the literature. The extent to which the presence of associated congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) further de-stabilize renal function is to be addressed. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the etiology, presentation, presence of CAKUT, and renal damage in children with SFK. Methods: All children with SFK who presented to the department of pediatric surgery from March 2014 to May 2016 were included in the study. Children with malignancy were excluded from the study. Results: Of the 20 patients with SFK, 14 (70%) had primary SFK (8 with agenesis and 6 with multicystic dysplastic kidney), 6 (30%) belonged to secondary SFK group, among them 3 had pelviureteric junction obstruction, 2 had posterior urethral valves and 1 had vesicoureteric reflux. Eight (40%) had associated CAKUT, 4 (20%) were asymptomatic while 8 (40%) had UTI and 6 (30%) had hypertension. Ten (50%) patients had reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) suggesting compromised renal function. Conclusion: Children with SFK have high morbidity especially when associated with ipsilateral CAKUT. Long-term periodical follow up is essential in these patients to improve clinical outcome.

RESUMO Introdução: Crianças com rim solitário funcional (RSF) tendem a desenvolver problemas de longo prazo, que não são bem representados na literatura. Devemos abordar o quanto a presença de malformações congênitas do rim e do trato urinário (CAKUT) desestabiliza ainda mais a função renal. Objetivo: Este estudo foi realizado para avaliar a etiologia, apresentação, presença de CAKUT e dano renal em crianças com RSF. Métodos: Todas as crianças com RSF que se apresentaram no departamento de cirurgia pediátrica de março de 2014 a maio de 2016 foram incluídas no estudo. Crianças com doença maligna foram excluídas do estudo. Resultados: dos 20 pacientes com RSF, 14 (70%) tinham RSF primário (8 com agenesia e 6 com rim displásico multicístico), 6 (30%) pertenciam ao grupo RSF secundário, dentre eles 3 tinham obstrução da junção pelveuretérica, 2 tinham valvas uretrais posteriores e 1 refluxo vesico-uretral. Oito (40%) tinham ACRTU associado, 4 (20%) estavam assintomáticos, enquanto 8 (40%) tinham ITU e 6 (30%) tinham hipertensão. Dez (50%) pacientes apresentaram redução da taxa de filtração glomerular (TFG), sugerindo comprometimento da função renal. Conclusão: Crianças com RSF apresentam alta morbidade, especialmente quando associadas à CAKUT ipsilateral. O acompanhamento periódico a longo prazo é essencial nesses pacientes para melhorar o resultado clínico.

Case for diagnosis. Atypical genital lesion

Abstract: We present a case of a penile lesion with a clinical appearance similar to Mondor penile disease (thrombosis of the dorsal vein of the penis) or penile sclerosing lymphangitis. Laboratory evaluation, however, showed a solid lesion, with no vascular component to Doppler ultrasonography and no treponema to immunohistochemistry. Histological and serological tests were compatible with secondary syphilis. The authors reinforce the need for the inclusion of syphilis in the differential diagnosis of penile cord injuries.

Do you know this syndrome? Nail patela syndrome: a pathognomonic dermatologic finding

Abstract: The nail-patella syndrome involves a clinical tetrad of changes in the nails, knees, elbows and the presence of iliac horns. Nail changes are the most constant feature: absent, hypoplastic, or dystrophic. A pathognomonic finding is the presence of the triangular lunula. The diagnosis of nail-patella syndrome is based on clinical findings. In this paper we will discuss a case report of this syndrome and its relation with a dermatological finding.

Cognitive conflicts and symptom severity in dysthymia: "I'd rather be good than happy" / Conflictos cognitivos y gravedad de los síntomas en la distimia: "Prefiero ser bueno que feliz"

A method for studying cognitive conflicts using the repertory grid technique is presented. By means of this technique, implicative dilemmas can be identified, cognitive structures in which a personal construct for which change is wished for implies undesirable change on another construct. We assessed the presence of dilemmas and the severity of symptoms in 46 participants who met criteria for dysthymia and compared then to a non-clinical group composed of 496 participants. Finally, an analysis of the specific content of the personal constructs forming such dilemmas was also performed. Implicative dilemmas were found in almost 70% of the dysthymic participants in contrast to 39% of controls and in greater quantity. In addition, participants in both groups with this type of conflict showed more depressive symptoms and general distress than those without dilemmas. Furthermore, a greater number of implicative dilemmas was associated with higher levels of symptom severity. Finally, content analysis results showed that implicative dilemmas are frequently composed of a constellation of moral values and emotion, indicating that symptoms are often related to moral aspects of the self and so change processes may be hindered. Clinical implications of targeting implicative dilemmas in the therapy context are discussed.

En este estudio se presenta un método para el estudio de los conflictos cognitivos utilizando la técnica de rejilla. Por medio de ella, se identificaron los dilemas implicativos, una estructura cognitiva en la que un constructo personal en el que se desea un cambio se asocia con otro constructo en el que el cambio no es deseable. Se evaluó la presencia de dilemas y la gravedad sintomatológica en una muestra de 46 participantes que cumplían criterios diagnósticos para la distimia y se comparó con un grupo control compuesto por 496 participantes. Por último, se llevó a cabo un análisis del contenido de los constructos personales que forman los dilemas. Se encontraron dilemas en casi 70% de la muestra clínica frente a 39% de la muestra control y en mayor cantidad. Por otro lado, los participantes de ambos grupos con este tipo de conflicto mostraron un nivel mayor de sintomatología depresiva y malestar general que aquellos sin dilemas. Además, se encontró una alta correlación entre el número de dilemas implicativos y la gravedad de los síntomas. Los resultados del análisis de contenido mostraron que los dilemas estaban frecuentemente formados por una constelación de valores morales y constructos emocionales indicando que a menudo los síntomas están asociados a aspectos positivos del sí mismo, por lo que el proceso de cambio puede verse bloqueado. Se discuten las implicaciones clínicas de abordar los dilemas en el contexto terapéutico.

Self de carreira: estudo longitudinal com estudantes universitários / Career self: a longitudinal study with college students

O self de carreira constituí um subconjunto organizado do universo cognitivo de uma pessoa, responsável pelo carácter subjetivo que a mesma confere à carreira. Este estudo pretende avaliar mudanças no conteúdo do self de carreira de estudantes universitários, do início para o final do último ano de graduação. Para tal, recorreu-se a medidas repetidas dos índices da Grelha de Repertório da Carreira (Silva & Taveira, 2005; Silva, 2008). Na investigação, participaram 80 estudantes, dos quais 49 são mulheres (61,25 por cento) e 31 são homens (38,75 por cento), com idades entre os 21 e os 45 anos (M= 23,9, DP= 4,31). Os resultados indicam que, no final da licenciatura, os estudantes diminuem a distância como se constrõem em relação aos outros e mantêm uma construção positiva do self de carreira.

The career self constitutes an organized subset of the person's cognitive universe, responsible for the subjective character that the person attributes to career. This study aims to evaluate changes in the content of the career self of college students, from the beginning to the end of last year's graduation. Therefore, we used repeated measurements of the indices of the Career Repertory Grid (Silva & Taveira, 2005; Silva, 2008). Eighty students participated in this study, 49 women (61.25 percent) and 31 men (38.75 percent), aged between 21 and 45 years (M = 23.9, SD = 4.31). The results indicate that at the end of graduation students decrease the distance they build towards others and maintain a positive construction of the career self.

Avaliação sistematizada da dificuldade de exposição das pregas vocais na microcirurgia da laringe / Difficulty systematized evaluation of vocal folds exposure in microsurgery of the larynx

Introdução: Diversos estudos abordam fatores pré-operatórios que predizem dificuldade de intubação endotraqueal, graduada pelos anestesistas pela escala de Cormack-Lehane. Estes parâmetros foram pouco avaliados para a dificuldade de locação do laringoscópio nas microcirurgias da laringe. Não há uma escala padrão de dificuldade direcionada aos cirurgiões de laringe. Objetivo: Criar uma escala padrão de dificuldade de locação do laringoscópio durante microcirurgia da laringe, com foco na exposição das pregas vocais (PPVV); avaliar quais parâmetros clínicos predizem dificuldade de exposição das PPVV; verificar a melhora da exposição laríngea com o suspensor do laringoscópio. Método: Estudo prospectivo, randomizado, de 57 pacientes submetidos à microcirurgia de laringe. No pré-operatório foram avaliados: 3 dados epidemiológicos, 2 de anamnese e 13 de exame físico. No intra-operatório: o anestesista avaliava o escore de Cormack-Lehane e o cirurgião avaliava conforme a escala proposta, antes e após a colocação do suspensor. Resultados e Conclusão: Vários parâmetros apresentaram sensibilidade, especificidade, valor preditivo positivo altos para exposição inadequada da laringe. Porém, apenas distância hiomentual <6,05cm (p=0,003) e classe 2 de Cormack-Lehane (p=0,04) com significância estatística e alta sensibilidade, 100% e 81% respectivamente. O uso do suspensor do laringoscópio melhorou a exposição laríngea de forma significativa (p=0,04). A escala proposta padroniza a vizualização e gradua a dificuldade de exposição das PPVV, facilitando comparações entre estudos e comunicação entre otorrinolaringologistas.

Introduction: Several studies addressing preoperative factors that predict difficulty of endotracheal intubation graduated by anesthesiologists, for the scale of the Cormack-Lehane. These parameters were evaluated for the difficulty of location of the laryngoscope in microsurgery of the larynx. There is not a standard scale of difficulty targeted to surgeons of the larynx. Objective: Create a standard scale of difficulty leasing the laryngoscope during microsurgery of the larynx, with a focus on exposure of the vocal folds (vocal cords) to evaluate which clinical parameters predict difficulty of exposure of their vocal folds and verify the improvement of laryngeal exposure with the hanger of the laryngoscope. Method: A prospective randomized study, 57 patients undergoing laryngeal microsurgery. The preoperative parameters were evaluated: three epidemiological data, two of history and 13 physical examination. Intraoperatively: the anesthesiologist evaluated the Cormack-Lehane score and the surgeon evaluated according to the proposed scale, before and after placement of the hanger. Results and Conclusion: Several parameters showed sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value for high inadequate exposure of the larynx. But only distance hiomentual <6.05 cm (p = 0.003) and 2 classes of Cormack-Lehane (p = 0.04) with statistical significance and high sensitivity of 100% and 81% respectively. The use of the hanger of laryngoscope laryngeal exposure improved significantly (p = 0.04). The proposed scale standardizes the visualization and grades the difficulty of exposure of their vocal folds, facilitating comparisons between studies and communication between otolaryngologists.

Bayes' theorem: scientific assessment of experience / Teorema de bayes: uma avaliação científica da experiência / Teorema de bayes: evaluación científica de la experiencia

Homeopathy is based on experience and this is a scientific procedure if we follow Bayes' theorem. Unfortunately this is not the case at the moment. Symptoms are added to our materia medica based on absolute occurrence, while Bayes theorem tells us that this should be based on relative occurrence. Bayes theorem can be applied on prospective research, but also on retrospective research and consensus based on a large number of cases. Confirmation bias is an important source of false data in experience based systems like homeopathy. Homeopathic doctors should become more aware of this and longer follow-up of cases could remedy this. The existing system of adding symptoms to our materia medica is obsolete.

A Homeopatia é baseada na experiência e isto pode ser um procedimento científico se seguirmos o teorema de Bayes. Infelizmente este não é o caso nos dias de hoje. Sintomas são adicionados na matéria médica com base na ocorrência absoluta, enquanto o teorema de Bayes prediz que isto deveria ser feito com base na ocorrência relativa. O teorema de Bayes pode ser aplicado tanto na pesquisa prospectiva como na pesquisa retrospectiva aplicada a dados consensuais baseados em um grande número de casos. O bias por confirmação é uma importante fonte de dados falsos em sistemas baseados na experiência, como a Homeopatia. Os homeopatas deveriam ficar mais atentos a esse respeito e o acompanhamento mais longo de casos clínicos poderia ser uma solução para este problema. O atual sistema de adicionamento de sintomas na matéria médica é obsoleto.

La homeopatía está basada en la experiencia y éste es un procedimiento científico cuando seguimos el teorema de Bayes. Lamentablemente, esto no acontece en el presente. Los síntomas son agregados en nuetra materia médica sobre la base de su producción absoluta, mientras que el teorema de Bayes afirma que la base debe ser su producción relativa. El teorema de Bayes puede ser aplicado en investigación prospectiva tanto como en la retrospectiva y en consensos determinados en grandes números de casos. El sesgo de confirmación es una importante fuente de datos falsos en sistemas basados en la experiencia, como es el caso de la homeopatía. Los médicos homeópatas deben conscientizarse de estos hechos; del otro lado, controles más prolongados de los casos clínicos pueden ayudar a solucionar esta situación. El sistema actual para agregar datos en la materia médica homeopática es obsoleto.