ABSTRACT
Chronic heart failure(CHF) is a comprehensive clinical syndrome caused by multiple factors that result in structural and/or functional abnormalities of the heart, leading to impaired ventricular contraction and/or relaxation functions. This medical condition represents the final stage of various cardiovascular diseases. In the treatment of CHF, multiple clinical studies have demonstrated the benefits of using traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) to control oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, thereby delaying ventricular remodeling and reducing myocardial fibrosis. In this study, common TCM syndromes in the diagnosis and treatment of CHF in recent years were reviewed and summarized. Five common treatment methods including benefiting Qi and activating blood circulation, enhancing Qi and nourishing Yin, warming Yang for diuresis, eliminating phlegm and dampness, rescuing from collapse by restoring Yang, and corresponding classic prescriptions in prevention and treatment of CHF were concluded under the guidance of TCM syndrome differentiation thinking. Meanwhile, research progress on the modern pharmacological effects of these classic prescriptions was systematically discussed, so as to establish a unique treatment system for CHF by classic prescriptions under the guidance of TCM syndrome differentiation theory and provide innovative diagnosis and treatment strategies for clinical CHF.
Subject(s)
Humans , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Heart Failure/drug therapy , Chronic Disease , SyndromeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the cerebral metabolism in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus-associated cognitive dysfunction (T2DACD) and explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) at the acupoints for Tiaozang Xingshen (adjusting zangfu function and rescuing the spirit) in treatment of T2DACD, using magnetic resonance spectroscopy.@*METHODS@#Fifteen patients with T2DACD (observation group) and 22 healthy subjects (control group) were enrolled. In the observation group, the patients were treated with EA for Tiaozang Xingshen at Baihui (GV 20) and Shenting (GV 24), and bilateral Feishu (BL 13), Pishu (BL 20), Shenshu (BL 23), Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Hegu (LI 4) and Taichong (LR 3). EA was operated with disperse-dense wave, 2 Hz/100 Hz in frequency and 0.1 mA to 1.0 mA in current intensity; 30 min each time, once daily. One course of EA consisted of 5 treatments, at the interval of 2 days and the intervention lasted 8 courses. Before treatment in the control group, before and after treatment in the observation group, the score of Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA), the score of clinical dementia rating (CDR), Flanker paradigm, Stroop paradigm, Nback paradigm, the score of self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), the score of self-rating depression scale (SDS), and the score of Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) were evaluated separately; the glycolipid metabolic indexes (fasting plasma glucose [FPG], glycosylated hemoglobin type A1c [HbA1c], total cholesterol [TC], triacylglycerol [TG], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C]) were determined；with the magnetic resonance spectroscopy technique adopted, the metabolites in the basal ganglia area were detected. The correlation analysis was performed for the metabolite values with MoCA score, CDR score , Flanker paradigm, Stroop paradigm, and Nback paradigm.@*RESULTS@#Before treatment, compared with the control group, in the observation group, MoCA score was lower (P<0.001), CDR score and the levels of FPG and HbA1c were higher (P<0.001); the reaction times of Flanker non-conflict, Flanker conflict, Stroop neutrality, Stroop congruence, Stroop conflict, and 1-back were prolonged (P<0.05, P<0.001), and the accuracy of Flanker conflict, Stroop conflict, and 1-back decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01); the ratio of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) to creatine (Cr) in the left basal ganglia area was dropped (P<0.001), and that of myo-inositol (MI) to Cr in the right side increased (P<0.05). In the observation group after treatment, compared with the levels before treatment, MoCA score was higher (P<0.001), the scores of CDR, SAS and HAMD were reduced (P<0.01, P<0.05), the reaction times of Flanker conflict and Stroop conflict shortened (P<0.001, P<0.05), and the accuracy of Flanker conflict and 1-back increased (P<0.001, P<0.05); the ratio of NAA to Cr in the left basal ganglia area and that of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to Cr in the right increased (P<0.05), that of MI to Cr in the right decreased (P<0.05). Before treatment, in the observation group, the ratio of MI to Cr in the right basal ganglia area was positively correlated with the reaction time of Stroop congruence (r=0.671, P=0.012) and this ratio was positively correlated with the reaction time of Stroop conflict (r=0.576, P=0.039).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Electroacupuncture for "adjusting zangfu function and rescuing the mind" improves the cognitive function of T2DACD patients, which may be related to the regulation of NAA, MI and GABA levels in the basal ganglia.
Subject(s)
Humans , Electroacupuncture , Acupuncture Therapy , Acupuncture Points , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy , Glycated Hemoglobin , Cognitive Dysfunction/therapy , Cholesterol , gamma-Aminobutyric AcidABSTRACT
Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 62 estudiantes de medicina, quienes asistieron a cursos extracurriculares en la sede de la Cruz Roja provincial de Santiago de Cuba, a fin de aprender a ejecutar primeros auxilios para salvar vidas, así como complementar su formación de actitudes y valores. Se realizaron 3 cursos (2 en el 2014 y uno en el 2015) con 20 horas cada uno, de 5:00 a 9:00 pm. De los alumnos matriculados, concluyeron con la ejecución de un examen final teórico-práctico 55 (88,7%); 36 cubanos y 19 extranjeros. Aquellos que aprobaron dicho examen recibieron certificados que les acreditarían como entrenados en primeros auxilios básicos y les permitirían trabajar como socorristas voluntarios en casos de desastre.
A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 62 medicine students who attended extracurricular courses in the provincial Red Cross office in Santiago de Cuba, was carried out in order to learn how to carry out first aids to save lives, as well as to supplement their training for attitudes and values. Three courses were carried out (2 in 2014 and one in 2015) with 20 hours each one, from 5:00 to 9:00 pm. Of the registered students, 36 Cubans and 19 foreigners concluded the theoretical-practical final exam (88.7%). Those that passed this exam received certificates that would credit them as trained in basic first aids and would allow them to work as voluntary rescuers in cases of disaster.
Subject(s)
Education in Disasters , First Aid , Red CrossABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the information management method for improving the efficiency of rescuing batches of the sick and wounded.Methods A portable palm computer were used to collect the information of the sick and wounded and the collected data were transmitted in real time to the server of the higher rescuing institution in the hospital via wired and wireless networks after being counted up,analyzed and summarized.Results The higher rescuing institution took the real-time information as the decision-making base at any time to give orders and provide assistance that fed back to the rescuing site at any moment.Conclusions The system combines medical rescuing with modern computerized information system,realizing the informatization,digitalization and automation of direction and management models in rescuing batches of the sick and wounded and greatly improving the efficiency for rescuing the sick and wounded.
ABSTRACT
The main obstacles and limitations on development of advanced life-rescuing information technology are identified based on analysis of existing information technology.The research ideas on digital information to replace analog information and response technology in lieu of new type life-rescuing information technology are putted forward,which combines RFID technology with biomedical engineering technology to research and design the life transponder that application bottleneck and advantage of the technique are analyzed.