ABSTRACT
Objetivo. Presentar las acciones comunitarias que se han implementado en la preservación del Páramo de Sumapaz y los recursos que se obtienen de él: el agua, la flora, la fauna. Se resalta la importancia de estas acciones, no solo relevantes para la Salud Pública de la comunidad que habita la zona del páramo, sino también para aquellos que se abastecen de sus recursos de una u otra forma. Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo con una muestra de tres líderes comunitarios del corregimiento de San Juán de Sumapaz. Se aplicaron entrevistas estructuradas para indagar sobre los principios de diseño característicos de instituciones de larga duración de los Recursos de Uso Común (RUC) propuesto por Elinor Ostrom. Se analiza la información y se exponen las evidencias encontradas en las entrevistas realizadas a líderes comunitarios, sobre las acciones que la comunidad y sus organizaciones han tenido en cuenta para no sobreexplotar los recursos (fauna y flora del Páramo de Sumapaz). Resultados. Se encuentran las similitudes que existen entre las estructuras organizacionales de los casos presentados por Ostrom en su libro y las estrategias que han implementado los pobladores del Páramo de Sumapaz para no hacer una sobreexplotación de los RUC. Se destaca los procesos de autoorganización realizados por las comunidades del páramo para evitar que agentes externos los utilicen de forma inadecuada; recordando la im-portancia del frágil ecosistema de páramo, el daño ambiental y consecuencias en la Salud Pública que pueden generarse al intervenir un espacio vital.
Objective: To present community actions implemented in the preservation of the moorland at Sumapaz and its resources. The importance of such actions is highlighted not only for the purposes of Public Health but also for the community inhabiting the moorland vicinity and people who procure resources from the said area Tools and Methodology: A qualitative study was conducted. The sample was comprised of three community leaders from the municipality of San Juan de Sumapaz. Structured interviews were carried out, inquiring on Elinor Ostrom Ìs approach to design principles of stable local common pool resource management. Gathered information is analyzed and the evidence from the interviews regarding community actions to avoid overexploitation of the resources is presented. Results: Commonalities amongst organizational structures presented in E. Ostrom Ìs work and the implemented strategies by inhabitants of the moorland at Sumapaz are drawn. Self-organized governance systems are emphasized to avoid resou-rce overexploitation
Objetivo: Apresentar as ações comunitárias que tem sido realizadas na preservação do Páramo de Sumapaz, sua agua, flora e fauna. Estas ações são relevantes para a Saúde Pública da comunidade que mora no Páramo, mas também para a cidade capital.Materiais e Métodos: estudo qualitativo cuja amostra são três líderes comunitários de San Juan de Sumapaz. Entrevistas foram realizadas para aprofundar em aspectos das instituições de longa duração dos Recursos de Uso comum (RUC) proposto por Elinor Ostrom. Analisa-se informação e mostra-se evidencia a respeito de essas ações que a comunidade e suas organizações tem realizado para não sobre explorar os recursos do páramo. Resultados: Tem semelhanças entre as estruturas organizacionais dos casos apresentados por Ostrom no seu libro e as estratégias práticas dos moradores do Páramo do Sumapaz para proteger os recursos naturais. A auto-organização das comunidades evita que agentes externos ao território abuse dos recursos
Subject(s)
Water , Health Strategies , Ecosystem , Fauna , FloraABSTRACT
Superovulatory response and embryo yield in 19 Morada Nova and 20 Somalis Brasileira ewes was analyzed. All animals were synchronized with the insertion of an intravaginal device (CIDR®) on Day 0, replaced by a new device on Day 7, which remained in place until Day 14 and superovulated with 133mg of porcine FSH (pFSH) in decreasing doses at 12h intervals from Day 12 until Day 15 of the treatment, and a single dose of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG, 200UI) on Day 14 (i.e., administered in CIDR removal). Fifty hours after CIDR® removal, females were inseminated by laparoscopy. All embryos were recovered by laparotomy 5 days after insemination. Sheep which responded to the superovulation protocol (P>0.05) included 74% of the Morada Nova ewes and 50% of the Somalis Brasileira ewes. Morada Nova showed better results (P<0.05) than Somalis Brasileira in number of ovulations (15.38 ± 5.24 vs. 10.56 ± 2.83), total structures (11.00 ± 7.55 vs. 3.33 ± 1.94) and embryo yields (6.79 ± 5.35 vs. 2.90 ± 2.18). Despite the high fertilization rate, degenerate embryo rate was high for both breeds, with an overall rate of 39% (57/145). In conclusion, superovulatory response and embryo yields in Morada Nova ewes were considered sufficient to justify the use of this procedure in genetic resources conservation programs. However, improvements to embryo quality and control of precocious regression of corpus luteum are necessary to produce better results in the MOET program, with minimal variations and maximum embryo yield in Morada Nova and Somalis Brasileira ewes.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Embryo, Mammalian , Follicle Stimulating Hormone/analysis , Sheep/embryology , Superovulation , Genetic VariationABSTRACT
El mantenimiento en campo de los Bancos de Germoplasma resulta muy costoso, además de los riesgos a que se exponen. El cultivo de tejidos constituye una solución a estos problemas siendo conveniente utilizar una combinación de técnicas de almacenamiento en los cultivos de propagación vegetativa para no depender de una sola. El cultivo in vitro ofrece nuevas alternativas para el mejoramiento de la productividad y la producción de material de siembra sano en malanga (Xanthosoma spp.). La presente investigación se desarrolló en el Laboratorio de Cultivo de Tejidos del Instituto de Investigaciones de Viandas Tropicales (INIVIT), Cuba, con el objetivo de estudiar las condiciones para la conservación en crecimiento mínimo in vitro de germoplasma de esta especie. Como material vegetal se utilizó el clon de Malanga Xanthosoma "INIVIT MX-2008". El establecimiento del material vegetal y su posterior multiplicación fueron realizadas según la metodología recomendada por García et al. (1999). Para la conservación en medio de cultivo de crecimiento mínimo se utilizó el medio basal MS y se estudiaron 15 tratamientos que combinaron concentraciones de Manitol (regulador osmótico) (1,5; 3 y 4%) y Nitrato de plata (inhibidor de la acción etileno) (0, 2, 4, 8, 10 mg.L-1). Se concluye que es posible conservar in vitro los recursos genéticos de malanga Xanthosoma durante más de 10 meses, en un medio de cultivo compuesto por sales y vitaminas MS suplementado con 4% de manitol y 4 mg.L-1 de Nitrato de plata. Las plantas propagadas a partir de este medio de cultivo se recuperaron exitosamente. La mayor concentración de manitol en el medio de cultivo pudo haber influido en la mejor recuperación del material conservado.
Maintenance field genebanks are costly, in addition to the risks they face; to that effect on tissue culture is a solution to these problems. In vegetative propagated crops is desirable to use a combination of storage technology rather than relying on just one. in vitro culture provides an alternative for improving productivity and production of healthy planting material of taro (Xanthosoma spp.). This research was conducted in the Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Research Institute of Tropical Crops. Our objective was study the conditions for minimal growth conservation in vitro germplasm in this species. As plant material was used clone of Taro Xanthosoma 'INIVIT MX-2008'. The establishment of the plant material and its subsequent multiplication were carried out according to the methodology recommended by García et al. (1999). For the maintenance in culture of minimal growth basal medium MS was used and studied 15 treatments with combined concentrations of mannitol (osmotic regulator) (1.5, 3 and 4%) and silver nitrate (Ethylene inhibitor) (0, 2, 4, 8, 10 mg.L-1). It concludes that it is possible to conserve taro Xanthosoma genetic resources in vitro, for over 10 months in a culture medium composed of MS salts and vitamins and supplemented with 4% mannitol and 4 mg.L-1 of silver nitrate. Plants propagated from this culture medium were recovered successfully. The presence of higher concentrations of mannitol, may have influenced that increases survival of preserved material. O3.
Subject(s)
Mannitol , Silver Nitrate , Xanthosoma , GrowthABSTRACT
Objective: To study the endangered mechanism of tuniclike psammosilene root and put forward the conservation ways,so as to provide basis for resources conservation.Methods: Wild on-site inspection was used to study the natural distribution,living condition,biological characteristic,growing adaptability of tuniclike psammosilene root.Results: Tuniclike psammosilene root can grow well in barren,dry and cold circumstances but wetting.The population quantity of tuniclike psammosilene root was reduced largely for destroy of biogeocoenosis.Conclusion: To conserve resources,the exploitation of tuniclike psammosilene root should follow the pattern of planting and finish machining.