ABSTRACT
Background Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) is an effective method for diabetic retinopathy (DR).However,PRP causes macular edema and visual impairment.The application of compound anisodine,a vascular dynamic drug can alleviate the adverse effect of PRP,but its effectiveness is not verified yet.Objective This study aimed to investigate the clinical therapeutic effect of compound anisodine on retinal functional damage following PRP in the eyes with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR).Methods A prospective cohort study was carried out from August 2013 to February 2014 in Beijing Tongren Hospital.One hundred and ten eyes with NPDR were included and PRP were performed.The operative eyes were randomized into the compound anisodine group (64 eyes) and control group (46 eyes).Compound anisodine solution of 2 ml was injected via temporal subcutaneous tissue since the second day after photocoagulation,and the injection was performed once per day for 4 courses in 3-day interval between each course (1 course for 14 days) in the compound anisodine group,and no any drug was used in the control group.The visual acuity,30° to 60° ring visual field and flash electroretinaogram (F-ERG) were examined before photocoagulation and 1 day,1 month and 2 months after photocoagulation to compare the retinal function between the two groups.ResultsThe vision acuity improved in 55 eyes in the compound anisodine group with the rate 85.94％,and that in the control group was 11 eyes with the rate 23.91％,showing a significant difference between the two groups (x2 =15.425,P =0.000).The mean sensitivities of visual field were (4.15 ± 1.42),(3.94 ± 1.40) and (4.81 ± 1.41) dB in 1 day,1 month and 2 months after photocoagulation in the compound anisodine group,which were significantly higher than (3.76± 1.52),(3.53± 1.55) and (3.64 ± 1.50) dB of the control group (t =1.39,1.44,1.15,all at P＜0.05).The amplitudes of a-wave and b-wave of F-ERG were all higher in the compound anisodine group than those in the control group in various time points after photocoagulation (all at P＜0.05).Conclusions The injection of compound anisodine via temporal subcutaneous tissue can relieve visual functional damage caused by PRP in NPDR eyes.
ABSTRACT
Objective To develop a method for the primary culture of retinal Müller cells of adult rabbit in vitro. Methods Retina was isolated from adult rabbit, cut into 1 mm × 1 mm pieces, and placed into Dulbecco modified Eagle medium/F12 containing 20 % fetal bovine serum to culture. Cultured cells were identified by inverted phase contrast microscope, transmissim electron microscope and immunohistochemistry staining method. Results Visible cell processes grew out from the retinal tissues after three days culture, and more cells grew radically around the retina after seven days culture. The cultured cells were often inflated at one side and had one long process at another side, and the nuclei were elliptical and there were two or more than two nucleoli under inverted phase contrast microscope. The cytoplasm was rich and contained abundant microfilaments in eight to ten nanometers under transmission electron microscope. Immunohistochemistry assay showed that 95% of the cells were positive for glial can be cultured by the explant culture method.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1α) in rats' retinae during the embryonic and earlier postnatal period.MethodsThe retinal expression patterns of HIF-1α protein and mRNA of embryonic day 12 (E12), E16, E20, and postnatal day 1(P1) and P5 rats were determined by immunohistochemical staining and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).ResultsHIF-1α protein was detected in the neural epithelial layer and the pigment epithelial layer at all those 5 timepoints, with higher expression in the ganglion cell layer and the inner plexiform layer, and seems limited to the ganglion cell layer when retina became more mature. Embryonic rat retina had higher expression of HIF-1α protein and mRNA than postnatal retina, the difference was significant (P<0. 01). ConclusionThe expression of HIF-1α in rats' retinae differs from embryonic to earlier postnatal stages.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the electrophysiological and morphological features of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in rats, and investigate its effect on the visual signal conduction. Methods Whole cell recordings were obtained from 112 RGCs of 30 rats at the age of 7-30 days. Resting membrane potential (RMP) was recorded, and input impedance was noted after given 2 mV hyperpolarizing current by voltage clamp. The action potential (AP) was induced by deplorizing current at different densities. The histological staining was actualized by injecting with biotin into the RGCs, and the diameter of the cells was measured. Results Three different discharge patterns of RGCs in response to maintained depolarizing currents were recorded: single spike (25 RGCs), transient firing (40 RGCs), and sustained firing (47 RGCs). The diameter was 14-16 ?m in 57.14% transient firing RGCs, and 10-12 ?m in 62.50% sustained firing RGCs. The maximum frequency of AP of sustained firing RGCs was significantly higher than that of transient firing RGCs (P
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the damage to the retinal cells and apoptosis of retinal cells of rats after ischemia-reperfusion insult. Methods The retinal ischemia-reperfusion model was developed by increasing intraocular pressure to 109 725 mm Hg in rat eyes. Morphological changes of the rat eyes were observed by means of routine histopathology with HE staining. Apoptosis of the retina was assayed by both DNA fragmentation gel-electrophoresis and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labelling (TUNEL). Results Compared with the normal control, no histopathological changes were revealed in the rat retinas 30 min after the ischemia and then reperfued for 24 h or 48 h. Retinal ganglion cell layer (RGL) and inner plaxiform layer (IPL) of the retina were observed, however, to become significantly thinner 60 min after the ischemia and then reperfued for 24 h or 48 h. Together with the pathological changes DNA ladder pattern was detected in the same group of the rats. Further, immunochemical stain of the eye demonstrated that TUNEL positive cells were localized in RGL and IPL of the retina. Conclusion Ischemia-reperfusion insult of the eye may remarkably damage the retina of the rat eye. The damage to the retinal cells is mainly localized within RGL and IPL and apoptosis is the important mechanism of the retinal disorder.