ABSTRACT
Introducción: la enfermedad cardiovascular de origen ateroesclerótico constituye una de las principales causas de morbilidad y mortalidad en Cuba. Objetivo: estimar el riesgo cardiovascular global en pacientes con diabetes mellitus antes y después de una intervención educativa. Métodos: se efectuó un estudio cuasiexperimental en 23 diabéticos tipo 2 de San Diego de los Baños, durante el 2012. Se estimó el riesgo cardiovascular global de los afectados, según las tablas de predicción de riesgo de la Organización Mundial de la Salud del 2008, antes y después de varias sesiones educativas. Además, se utilizaron la estadística descriptiva y el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman, con un nivel de significación de 95 %. Resultados: inicialmente, la citada variable se valoró de alta a muy alta en la gran mayoría de los pacientes, con predominio de estilos de vida no saludables, pero se modificó después de la intervención educativa. También se evidenció correlación significativa entre el riesgo cardiovascular global, la dieta y el índice de masa corporal de los afectados. Conclusiones: el programa de clases talleres realizado fue efectivo, puesto que se logró modificar favorablemente el riesgo cardiovascular global en los integrantes de la serie.
Introduction: atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in Cuba. Objective: to estimate the global cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes mellitus before and after an educational intervention. Methods: a quasi-experimental study was made in 23 diabetic patients type 2 from San Diego de los Baños, during 2012. The global cardiovascular risk of those affected was estimated according to the risk prediction charts of the World Health Organization, 2008, before and after several educational sessions. Also, descriptive statistics and the Spearman's correlation coefficient were used with a 95% significance level. Results: initially, this variable was valued from high to very high in most of patients, with prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles, but it was modified after the educational intervention. Significant correlation was also observed between the global cardiovascular risk, diet and body mass index of patients. Conclusions: the workshop program was effective, as it was achieved favorably to modify the global cardiovascular risk in members of the series.
ABSTRACT
A study of 720 probands of vitiligo with positive family history indicated early mean age at onset for the female probands (19.68 + 17.76) as compared to male probands (25.43 + 13.87). The incidence of the condition among the biological relatives of the patients studied showed a prevalence rate of 7.31% which is considerably high from the prevalence of 0.95% of the condition observed in the population of our country. The risks estimated for different relatives of the proband indicated higher risk for progeny of the proband as compared to the sibs. The risk for the cousins of the probands was about two to three folds higher as compared to that in the offsprings and the sibs.