ABSTRACT
Kasurdi Health and Demographic Surveillance System (Kasurdi HDSS) was established at Rural Health Training Center Kasurdi on February 16, 2018. Kasurdi HDSS has been established to increase the research potential of medical colleges and develop real?time data for research purposes to study the changes in population demography, health, and health?care utilization. Kasurdi HDSS currently follows 2755 individuals living in 549 households. The system collects the data from the population through annual rounds conducted by postgraduate residents of the department of community medicine. The data are collected in the digital format with the help of android-based tablets. HDSS has collected demographic data, reproductive data, data on diseases such as tuberculosis and noncommunicable diseases, and socioeconomic data. The HDSS is in the process to upgrade its data management system to a more integrated platform, coordinated and guided by national/international standards, and data sharing policy.
ABSTRACT
Background: Prehypertension elevates the risk of cardiovascular disease and that of end-stage renal disease. The objectives of creating such a category in the classification were to increase awareness of the importance of identifying individuals in whom early intervention by the adoption of healthy lifestyles could lower blood pressure (BP) and thus decrease the rate of progression to hypertensive levels. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine the proportion and sociodemographic factors and other risk factors of pre-hypertension among the cases visiting Rural Health Training Centre (RHTC) of a Government Medical College, to know the awareness about prehypertension, and to create awareness among them. Materials and Methods: The present hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in RHTC of a Government Medical College from January to February 2015 (2 months). The sample size was 200. All patients 18 years and above visiting outpatient department of RHTC were enrolled in the study. Data were collected using a predesigned and a pretested questionnaire. Results: A total of 210 patients were enrolled in this study. Overall, 101 (48%) had pre-hypertension and 109 (52%) patient had normal BP levels. Increasing age, marital status, occupation, excess salt intake, lack of fruits and vegetables in the diet, addiction, lack of regular exercise, and the presence of obesity (as per body mass index) were significantly associated with pre-hypertension. No study subjects were aware of the concept of prehypertension. Conclusion: Our study highlights the high proportion of prehypertension. The study gives important information regarding various risk factors associated with prehypertension. Simple lifestyle modifications such as low intake of salt and inclusion of fruits and vegetables in the daily diet, quitting an addiction, and regular exercise decreases overall BP. Education regarding lifestyle and dietary practices at individual and family level are needed to bring about effective changes.
ABSTRACT
Background: With increasing life expectancy, number of old age people increased throughout the world, particularly more in the developing countries like India. Globally there are an estimated 605 million people aged 60 years and above. As the ageing population is increasing, the burden of their health problems is on a rise. To provide appropriate care for them there is a need to attain information about their morbidity pattern. Objectives: to study the morbidity pattern among the geriatric patients attending outpatient department of RHTC, Maner of IGIMS, Patna and to find out the difference in health problems between males and females, if any.Methods: This hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted during September 2017 to February 2018 among 98 elderly patients, aged 60 years or above, who attended first time at the Out Patient Department of rural health training center, Maner of IGIMS, Patna and who fulfilled inclusion criterion.Results: In this study majority had normal nutritional status. Amongst morbidity, prevalence of locomotors problems was highest (63.26%) followed by depression (42.85%), refractive error (20.4%), hearing loss (18.2%) and cataract (15.3). Locomotors problems were significantly higher in women (93.75%) as compared to the men (34%). However, the prevalence of depression, refractory error, hearing loss and cataract were not significantly associated with gender.Conclusions: There is a need to deliver comprehensive geriatric health care services for prevention and control of chronic diseases and address the dual burden of disease among the elderly to promote healthy ageing.