Síndrome de Parry-Romberg: hemiatrofia facial progresiva. Reporte de caso / Parry-Romberg Syndrome: progressive facial hemiatrophy case report

INTRODUCCIÓN: el Síndrome de Parry-Romberg es un trastorno neurocutáneo, muy raro, caracterizado por hemiatrofia facial progresiva, su primer signo clínico es la asimetría facial, se presenta frecuentemente de manera simultánea con la esclerodermia lineal. PRESENTACIÓN DE CASO: femenina de 54 años de edad, con antecedente de hemiatrofia facial y alteración oftalmológica izquierda desde los 14 años. DISCUSIÓN: el Síndrome de Parry-Romberg inicia entre las primeras décadas de la vida con hiperpigmentación, atrofia de la dermis, grasa subcutánea, músculo y huesos subyacentes. La atrofia afecta la hemicara siguiendo la distribución del nervio trigémino y sus ramas; este caso coincidió con la edad de inicio, la lesión se limitó a la hemicara izquierda. CONCLUSIÓN: debe tenerse presente como diagnóstico diferencial en pacientes con alteración en la simetría facial de larga evolución sin causa aparente, el diagnóstico temprano evita las complicaciones graves, se recomienda un manejo multidisciplinario para mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes.

INTRODUCTION: parry-Romberg Syndrome is a neurocutaneous disorder, very rare and characterized by progressive facial hemiatrophy, the first clinical sign is facial asymmetry. SPR occurs simultaneously with high frequency with linear scleroderma. CASE PRESENTATION: a 54-year-old female, with a history of left facial hemiatrophy since she was 14 years old, presented a left ophthalmological alteration. DISCUSSION: Parry-Romberg Syndrome begins in the first decades of life with hyperpigmentation, atrophy of the dermis, subcutaneous fat, muscle and underlying bones. Atrophic affects the hemicara with distribution of the trigeminal nerve and its branches; this case coincided with the age of onset and the lesion was limited to the left hemicra. CONCLUSION: it should be borne in mind as a differential diagnosis in patients with long-standing facial symmetry alteration without apparent cause, early diagnosis avoids serious complications, multidisciplinary management is recommended to improve the quality of life of patients.

Morfeas con manifestaciones cefálicas / Morpheas with cephalic manifestations

Introducción: La hemiatrofia facial progresiva (HFP) o síndrome de Parry-Romberg y la morfea en golpe de sable (MGS) forman parte de las morfeas lineales cefálicas. Son enfermedades inflamatorias crónicas de la piel y tejidos subyacentes, que se caracterizan por esclerosis y atrofia cutánea. Objetivos: Describir las características clínicas, manifestaciones asociadas, histología, laboratorio, estudios complementarios y tratamientos instaurados. Diseño: Estudio retrospectivo descriptivo. Materiales y métodos: Se revisaron las historias clínicas de pacientes con morfea evaluados en el Sector Colagenopatías desde julio de 2010 hasta diciembre de 2016. Resultados: De 56 pacientes, 11 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión, 7 con diagnóstico de HFP, 2 con MGS y 2 con ambas patologías. El 64% fueron mujeres. Las manifestaciones extracutáneas se presentaron en el 64% de los casos. El tratamiento utilizado en todos los pacientes fue el metotrexato, asociado o no, al uso de corticosteroides sistémicos. Conclusiones: La mayoría de nuestros resultados concuerdan con la bibliografía consultada, excepto las manifestaciones asociadas. Destacamos el tratamiento asociado de metotrexato y pulsos de corticosteroides intravenosos con resultados satisfactorios y bien tolerado. (AU)

Introduction: Progressive facial hemiatrophy (PFH) or Parry-Romberg Syndrome and morphea en coup de sabre are cephalic linear morpheas. They are chronics inflammatories diseases of the skin and underlying tissues, characterized by cutaneous atrophy and sclerosis. Objectives: To describe clinical features, associated extracutaneous manifestations, histological and laboratory findings, imaging and diagnostic modalities and treatments established in patients with diagnosis of HFP, MGS, or both, evaluated in our Department. Design: Retrospective descriptive study. Materials and methods: We included medical histories of patients diagnosed with morphea evaluated in Collagenopathy Sector from July 2010 up to December 2016. Results: Of 56 patients, 11 met the inclusion criteria, 7 with diagnosis of PFH, 2 with morphea en coup de sabre and 2 with both pathologies. 64% were women. 64% showed extracutaneous manifestations. The treatment used in all of the patients was methotrexate, associated or not, with the use of systemic corticosteroids. Conclusions: Most of our results agree with the bibliography consulted, with the exception of the associated manifestations. We emphasize the associated treatment of methotrexate and intravenous corticosteroid pulses with satisfactory results and well tolerated. (AU)

Serie de Casos: Síndrome de Parry Romberg, Resolución Quirúrgica / Case Series: Parry Romberg Syndrome, Surgical Resolution

INTRODUCCIÓN: El síndrome de Parry Romberg o atrofia hemifacial progresiva es una patología caracterizada por causar atrofia facial unilateral con afectación de piel, tejido celular subcutáneo y músculo. Su prevalencia mundial es de 1/700 000, tiene predominio por el sexo femenino con una proporción mujer ­ hombre de 3:2. Clínicamente se manifiesta como una esclerodermia lineal en golpe de sable, y afecta con mayor frecuencia a hemicara izquierda. El tratamiento es de tipo quirúrgico e incluye técnicas como injertos, colgajos o prótesis. CASO CLÍNICO: A continuación se presenta una serie de casos que incluye a tres pacientes que consultaron por alteraciones de la anatomía y el desarrollo facial; quienes posterior a un examen físico minucioso y a la realización de exámenes de imagen, fueron diagnosticados de síndrome de Parry Romberg. EVOLUCIÓN: En todos los casos el tratamiento fue quirúrgico; optándose por la colocación de un injerto dermograso en la zona afectada, el mismo que fue obtenido de la cavidad abdominal. La evolución clínica y la adherencia del injerto fue satisfactoria y sin complicaciones. CONCLUSIÓN: Los resultados obtenidos de la colocación de injertos dermograsos para el tratamiento de la atrofia hemifacial progresiva fueron excelentes a corto, mediano y largo plazo.(au)

BACKGROUND: Parry Romberg syndrome or progressive hemifacial atrophy is an entity characterized by unilateral facial atrophy with involvement of skin, subcutaneous tissue and muscle. Its worldwide prevalence is 1/700 000, with a female - male ratio of 3:2. Clinically it manifests as linear scleroderma and most frequently affects the left side of the face. The treatment is surgery and includes techniques such as grafts, flaps or prostheses. CASE REPORT: The following is a case series that includes three patients, who consulted for anatomic and developmental alterations of the face; who after a meticoluos physical examination and imaging tests were diagnosed with Parry Romberg syndrome. EVOLUTION: In all cases, the treatment was surgery; opting for the placement of a skin graft in the affected area, which was obtained from the abdominal cavity. The clinical evolution and adherence of the graft was satisfactory and without complications. CONCLUSION: The results obtained from the placement of skin graft as the treatment of progressive hemifacial atrophy were excellent in short, medium and long term.(au)

Síndrome de Parry Romberg y epilepsia refractaria al tratamiento / Parry Romberg Syndrome And Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy

Resumen El Síndrome de Parry Romberg es una enfermedad idiopática, caracterizado por la atrofia de tejido celular subcutáneo. Su signo clínico principal es la hemiatrofia facial progresiva con inclusión de piel, tejido subcutáneo, nervios, músculo y/o hueso. Se han propuesto diversas teorías, entre ellas el posible origen hereditario y genético de esta patología, debido a que se ha manifestado algunas veces en miembros de una misma familia. Se presenta un caso de una paciente con síndrome de Parry Romberg de inicio tardío, que cursó con atrofia de hemicara derecha desde los 20 años de edad asociada a epilepsia refractaria al tratamiento y con antecedente patológico familiar de un hermano que presenta igualmente atrofia en hemicara derecha y una marcada esclerodermia en golpe de sable.

Abstract Parry Romberg syndrome is an idiopathic disease, characterized by subcutaneous tissue atrophy. Its main clinical sign is progressive facial hemiatrophy including: skin, subcutaneous tissue, nerves, muscle and/or bone. Several theories have been mentioned, among them the possible hereditary and genetic origin of this disorder, as the manifestation of this disease sometimes is seen in members of the same family. We present a case: a patient with late presentation Parry Romberg, with right side face atrophy associated with refractory epilepsy and family history of a brother who presents right side face atrophy as well and a marked scleroderma in coup of saber.

Parry-Romberg syndrome in a pediatric patient: a case report / Síndrome de Parry-Romberg en paciente pediátrico: informe de caso

The Parry-Romberg syndrome is a rare degenerative disease of unknown etiology that has dental implications. It is characterized by a progressive hemifacial atrophy that appears in the early stages of life. It causes aesthetic, functional and psychological alterations, and has social implications for the patient. There is no definitive treatment for the Parry-Romberg syndrome. Systemic and immune alterations produce oral and maxillofacial manifestations, which need to be managed by specialized dental professionals. The aim of this paper is to do a literature review of the Parry-Romberg syndrome and describe the oral and clinical characteristics of this condition in a 12-year-old male pediatric patient, who had a history of neurological disorders and facial asymmetry on the left side. Dentists require an adequate knowledge of the clinical and dental characteristics of this syndrome. With early diagnosis and appropriate surgical and orthodontic treatment at an early age, they can improve the quality of life of patients and minimize invasive long-term effects...

El síndrome de Parry-Romberg es una rara enfermedad degenerativa de etiología desconocida con implicaciones odontológicas. Se caracteriza por una atrofia progresiva que aparece a temprana edad, generalmente hemifacial. Tiene alteraciones estéticas, funcionales, psíquicas y sociales, no existiendo un tratamiento definitivo. Las manifestaciones orales y maxilofaciales de este síndrome son parte de una afectación sistémica e inmunológica, lo cual resalta la necesidad de su conocimiento y manejo por parte de los profesionales de la odontología. El objetivo de este reporte es describir las características clínicas y orales del Síndrome de Parry-Romberg en un paciente pediátrico masculino de 12 años de edad con antecedentes neurológicos que presenta una asimetría facial izquierda, presentado en conjunto una revisión bibliográfica de este síndrome. Las características clínicas y dentales de este síndrome como parte de una afectación sistémica requieren de un adecuado conocimiento por parte del profesional dental, el cual con un diagnóstico precoz y un adecuado tratamiento quirúrgico y ortodontico a temprana edad para mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente y minimizar los efectos invasivos a largo plazo...

Síndrome de Parry-Romberg: achados nas sequências avançadas de ressonância magnética - relato de caso / Parry-Romberg syndrome: findings in advanced magnetic resonance imaging sequences - case report

Síndrome de Parry-Romberg é uma doença rara caracterizada por atrofia hemifacial progressiva associada a outras alterações sistêmicas, dentre elas, neurológicas. Atualmente, são poucos os trabalhos que exploraram sequências avançadas em ressonância magnética nesta enfermidade. Neste artigo, relatamos o caso de um paciente com 45 anos e descrevemos os achados de ressonância magnética estrutural e em sequências avançadas, correlacionando com dados fisiopatológicos.

Parry-Romberg syndrome is a rare disease characterized by progressive hemifacial atrophy associated with other systemic changes, including neurological symptoms. Currently, there are few studies exploring the utilization of advanced magnetic resonance sequences in the investigation of this disease. The authors report the case of a 45-year-old patient and describe the findings at structural magnetic resonance imaging and at advanced sequences, correlating them with pathophysiological data.

Abordagem terapêutica da síndrome de parry-romberg baseada em um sistema de classificação de gravidade / Therapeutic Approach To The Parry-Romberg Syndrome Based On A Severity Grading System

Introdução: Síndrome de Parry-Romberg (SPR) é caracterizada pela atrofia hemifacial progressiva que, muitas vezes, resulta em graves distúrbios estéticos e funcionais. Embora existam escalas de gravidade, nenhuma delas é completamente ideal para auxiliar na abordagem terapêutica destes pacientes. O objetivo deste estudo foi delinear as estratégias cirúrgicas para o tratamento da SPR baseado em um novo sistema de classificação de gravidade da doença. Método: Trata-se de uma análise retrospectiva dos pacientes com SPR operados em 2005-2011. As abordagens cirúrgicas foram individualizadas de acordo com a escala de gravidade clínica baseada na evolução da doença: tipos I (envolvimento da epiderme, derme e tecido subcutâneo); II (tipo I + envolvimento muscular); e III (tipo I + II + envolvimento ósseo). Quatro (28,57%) pacientes com SPR tipo I, 6 (42,85%) tipo II e 4 (28,57%) tipo III foram incluídos. Resultado: Um total de 47 procedimentos foi realizado. Gordura livre foi enxertada em todos os pacientes. Todos os pacientes do tipo II e 1 (25%) do tipo III foram submetidos a enxertos dermogordurosos. Enxertos ósseos com retalhos de fáscia têmporo-parietal foram aplicados no tratamento de todos os pacientes do tipo III. Um (25%) paciente do tipo III foi submetido à cirurgia ortognática. Houve melhora global na aparência facial em todos os pacientes, sem complicações relacionadas aos procedimentos. Conclusão: O sistema de classificação de gravidade proposto para a SPR pode facilitar a decisão terapêutica e resultados parcialmente satisfatórios podem ser alcançados com a combinação de técnicas cirúrgicas de acordo com a gravidade da doença.

Introduction: The Parry-Romberg Syndrome (PRS) is characterized by progressive hemifacial atrophy that often leads to severe esthetic and functional difficulties. Although there are systems for grading disease severity, none have proven ideal in optimizing the therapeutic approach to these patients. This study aimed to establish the surgical strategies for the treatment of PRS based on a new system for severity grading of the disease. Methods: This retrospective study included PRS patients undergoing surgery between 2005 and 2011. The surgical strategies were adapted for each patient according to a clinical severity grading system based on disease progression: type I, affecting the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue; type II, type I + muscle involvement; and type III, Types I+ II + bone involvement. The sample included four patients (28.57%) with PRS type I, six patients (42.85%) with PRS type II, and four patients (28.57%) with PRS type III. Results: Forty-seven procedures were performed. Free-fat grafts were used in all patients. Dermal fat grafts were used in all type II patients and one type III patient (25%). Bone grafts with temporoparietal fascia flaps were performed for the treatment of all type III patients. One type III patient (25%) underwent orthognathic surgery. All patients were improved in their overall facial appearance and there were no procedure-related complications. Conclusion: Our proposed system for grading PRS severity can facilitate the choice of therapeutic approaches and with a combination of surgical techniques based on the severity of the disease partially satisfactory outcomes can be attained.