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1.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 122(1): e202310061, feb. 2024. tab, ilus
Article in English, Spanish | BINACIS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1525854

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de Wiskott-Aldrich es un error innato de la inmunidad de herencia ligada al cromosoma X, producido por variantes en el gen que codifica la proteína del síndrome de Wiskott-Aldrich (WASp). Reportamos el caso clínico de un paciente de 18 meses con diagnóstico de Wiskott-Aldrich que no presentaba donante antígeno leucocitario humano (HLA) idéntico y recibió un trasplante de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas (TCPH) con donante familiar haploidéntico. La profilaxis para enfermedad de injerto contra huésped incluyó ciclofosfamida (PT-Cy). El quimerismo del día +30 fue 100 % del donante y la evaluación postrasplante de la expresión de la proteína WAS fue normal. Actualmente, a 32 meses del trasplante, presenta reconstitución hematológica e inmunológica y quimerismo completo sin evidencia de enfermedad injerto contra huésped. El TCPH haploidéntico con PT-Cy se mostró factible y seguro en este caso de síndrome de WiskottAldrich en el que no se disponía de un donante HLA idéntico.


Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an X-linked genetic disorder caused by mutations in the gene that encodes the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp). Here, we report the clinical case of an 18-month-old boy diagnosed with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, who did not have an HLA-matched related or unrelated donor and was treated successfully with a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) from a haploidentical family donor. Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis included post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy). At day +30, the peripheral blood-nucleated cell chimerism was 100% and the WAS protein had a normal expression. Currently, at month 32 post-transplant, the patient has hematological and immune reconstitution and complete donor chimerism without evidence of GvHD. HSCT with PT-Cy was a feasible and safe option for this patient with WAS, in which an HLA matched donor was not available.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome/diagnosis , Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome/genetics , Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome/therapy , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects , Graft vs Host Disease/etiology , Bone Marrow Transplantation/adverse effects , Cyclophosphamide
2.
Rev. cuba. pediatr ; 94(2)jun. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1409137

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: El síndrome de Wiskott-Aldrich, es una inmunodeficiencia primaria, poco frecuente heredada de forma recesiva ligado al cromosoma X. Está asociado a fenotipos clínicos variables que se correlacionan con el tipo de mutación presente en la proteína del síndrome de Wiskott-Aldrich. Objetivo: Examinar el caso de un paciente con diagnóstico de Wiskott Aldrich y presencia de una mutación no descrita anteriormente. Presentación del caso: Paciente masculino cuya sintomatología se inició a los tres meses de edad, con infecciones respiratorias recurrentes, lesiones purpúricas hemorrágicas tipo equimosis, eccema y plaquetopenia. El diagnóstico se confirmó al año de inicio de los síntomas con la detección de una mutación no descrita anteriormente, ubicada en el codón 88 de la proteína del síndrome de Wiskott-Aldrich (p. Y88X; c.264C > G), asociada a una variante clásica. Conclusiones: La identificación temprana, diagnóstico y estratificación del fenotipo, es esencial para reducir los eventos desfavorables y complicaciones de la afección. El estudio genético es el medio de confirmación diagnóstica definitivo para el síndrome, lo que permite aplicar el protocolo terapéutico más adecuado para este tipo de inmunodeficiencia.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Wiskott Aldrich syndrome is a primary immunodeficiency, rarely inherited in a recessive way and linked to the X chromosome. It is associated with variable clinical phenotypes that correlate with the type of mutation present in the Wiskott Aldrich syndrome protein. Objective: Examine the case of a patient diagnosed with Wiskott Aldrich and presence of a mutation not described above. Case presentation: Male patient whose symptoms began at three months of age, with recurrent respiratory infections, purpuric hemorrhagic lesions such as ecchymosis, eczema and platelettopenia. The diagnosis was confirmed one year of after the symptoms onset with the detection of a mutation not previously described, located in codon 88 of the Wiskott Aldrich syndrome protein (p. Y88X; c.264C>G), associated with a classical variant. Conclusions: Early identification, diagnosis and stratification of the phenotype is essential to reduce unfavorable events and complications of the condition. The genetic study is the mean of definitive diagnostic confirmation for the syndrome, which allows to apply the most appropriate therapeutic protocol for this type of immunodeficiency.

3.
Medisur ; 18(6): 1216-1224, nov.-dic. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1149424

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El Síndrome de Wiskott-Aldrich es una inmunodeficiencia hereditaria poco frecuente, acompañada de trombocitopenia. Así mismo, el absceso de tiroides se presenta raras veces, dados los niveles de iodo, irrigación linfática y lo encapsulado del órgano. El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar el caso de un paciente con absceso de la glándula tiroides, que además era portador de Síndrome de Wiskott-Aldrich. De sexo masculino y 21 años de edad, fue atendido en el Hospital León Cuervo Rubio, de Pinar del Río. Una semana antes había sufrido un ántrax en la espalda, seguido del aumento de volumen del cuello y signos de compresión, aunque sin indicios de sepsis. Durante la intervención quirúrgica se encontró absceso de la glándula tiroides. El tratamiento oportuno del absceso de tiroides evita consecuencias fatales en enfermos inmunodeprimidos, como el paciente presentado.


ABSTRACT Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome is a rare inherited immunodeficiency, accompanied by thrombocytopenia. In addition, thyroid abscess occurs rarely, given the levels of iodine, lymphatic irrigation and the encapsulation of the organ. The objective of this work is to present the case of a patient with an abscess of the thyroid gland, who was also a carrier of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. A 21 years old male was treated at the León Cuervo Rubio Hospital, in Pinar del Río. A week earlier, he had suffered a anthrax on his back, followed by swelling in his neck and signs of compression, but with no signs of sepsis. During the surgical intervention, an abscess of the thyroid gland was found. Timely treatment of thyroid abscess avoids fatal consequences in immunodeficient patients, such as the patient presented.

4.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 91(1): 105-110, feb. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092794

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Introducción: El Síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB) es raramente diagnosticado en lactantes menores de 1 año. Su asociación con el Síndrome de Wiskott Aldrich (SWA), es aún menos frecuente, y ha sido previa mente reportada sólo en dos pacientes a nuestro conocimiento. La hidrocefalia, es una complicación conocida, pero infrecuente del SGB. Objetivo: presentar el caso clínico de un lactante en el que se asocian las patologías de SGB, SWA e hidrocefalia. Caso Clínico: varon de 9 meses, portador de SWA hospitalizado en unidad de cuidados intensivos por hipotonía aguda y compromiso del estado gene ral. Evolucionó con parálisis fláccida, falla ventilatoria y arreflexia generalizada. Una punción lumbar mostró disociación albuminocitológica, y el estudio electrofisiológico mostró signos de polineuropatía desmielinizante severa. Se trató con inmunoglobulina, evolucionando en forma satisfactoria. Por bradicardia intermitente, se realizó tomografla axial computada cerebral (TAC), que mostró signos de una hidrocefalia aguda, manejada mediante válvula derivativa ventrículo peritoneal con favorable respuesta. En el largo plazo, se sometió a trasplante de médula ósea y debió ser reintervenido por complicaciones valvulares, sin embargo, su desarrollo psicomotor es normal sin secuelas neurológi cas evidentes hasta los 3 años. Conclusión: Presentamos el tercer caso de SGB en un paciente porta dor de SWA, destacando ser el primero de ellos en un lactante menor de 1 año. Adicionalmente, este niño presentó una hidrocefalia aguda como complicación del SGB. Consideramos relevante tener presente estas comorbilidades, debido a que su pronto diagnóstico y manejo oportuno, permiten una mejor recuperación neurológica y evitan complicaciones potencialmente letales.


Abstract: Introduction: Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is rarely diagnosed in the first year of life. The association of GBS with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is even less frequent and has been previously reported in only two children to our knowledge. Hydrocephalus is a known but rare complication of GBS. Objective: To describe the case of an infant in which GBS, WAS and hydrocephalus appear clinically associated. Clinical Case: A nine-months-old male infant with a history of WAS was admitted to our ICU with acute hypotonia and poor general condition. He developed flaccid paralysis, absent deep tendon reflexes, and respiratory failure. A lumbar puncture showed albuminocytologic dissociation. GBS was suspected and an electromyography was performed, showing a demyelinating polyneuropathy. He was successfully treated with intravenous immunoglobulins. During hospitalization, he presented intermittent bradycardia, so a brain CT scan was performed, showing acute hydrocephalus which was managed through an external ventricular drain achieving favorable response. In the long term, the patient underwent bone marrow transplant and had to be reoperated due to valve-related complications. However, his psychomotor development is normal, with no obvious neurological sequelae. Conclusion: We present the third case of GBS in a patient with WAS, which is the first infant younger than one year. Additionally, he presented acute hydrocephalus as a complication of GBS. We suggest considering these three comorbidities since their early diagnosis and prompt management allow bet ter neurological recovery and avoid potentially lethal complications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome/complications , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/diagnosis , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/etiology , Hydrocephalus/diagnosis , Hydrocephalus/etiology
5.
Arq. Asma, Alerg. Imunol ; 1(4): 422-426, out.dez.2017. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1380653

ABSTRACT

A Síndrome de Wiskott-Aldrich (WAS) é uma imunodeficiência congênita ligada ao cromossomo X, caracterizada por mutações no gene WAS, responsável pela proteína WASP. As principais manifestações clínicas são trombocitopenia com plaquetas de volume reduzido, eczema, infecções recorrentes e maior incidência de doenças autoimunes e neoplasias. Relatamos o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino com sintomas clássicos desta síndrome (eczema, trombocitopenia e infecções recorrentes), porém com plaquetas de volume normal. Existem poucos relatos desta síndrome em pacientes com plaquetas de volume normal, o que atrasou o encaminhamento do paciente ao imunologista, o qual foi tratado como portador de Síndrome de Evans e dermatite atópica até os quatro anos de idade. A confirmação diagnóstica foi por teste genético. O diagnóstico precoce possibilita profilaxia com antibioticoterapia e uso de imunoglobulina endovenosa, devido ao risco de infecções graves, e encaminhamento para transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas, que até o momento é o único tratamento curativo. A suspeita clínica deve existir em pacientes com trombocitopenia inexplicável, mesmo se as plaquetas tiverem o tamanho normal, associada às outras manifestações da doença.


Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an X-linked congenital immunodeficiency characterized by mutations in the WAS gene of the WASP protein. The main clinical manifestations are thrombocytopenia with small-sized platelets, eczema, recurrent infections and a higher incidence of autoimmune diseases and cancer. We report the case of a male patient with classical symptoms of this syndrome (eczema, thrombocytopenia and recurrent infections), however presenting platelets with normal size. There are few reports of this syndrome in patients with normal-sized platelets, which delayed our patient's referral to the immunologist. The patient received treatment for Evans syndrome and atopic dermatitis until he was four years old. Confirmation of WAS diagnosis was made by genetic testing. Early diagnosis allows prophylactic treatment with antibiotics and the use of intravenous immunoglobulin due to the risk of serious infections, in addition to referral for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which is the only curative treatment available so far. WAS should be suspected when patients develop unexplained thrombocytopenia even with normal-sized platelets, especially in the presence of other manifestations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Thrombocytopenia , Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome , Blood Platelets , Genetic Testing , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Eczema , Signs and Symptoms , Therapeutics , Immunoglobulins, Intravenous , Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein , Reinfection , Infections , Mutation
6.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 113(3): e137-e139, jun. 2015.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-750470

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de Wiskott-Aldrich es una inmunodeficiencia primaria; con una incidencia de 3,5 a 5,2 por cada millón de recién nacidos masculinos. Se caracteriza por tener un patrón de herencia recesiva ligada al cromosoma X. En estos pacientes; se ha descrito la tríada clásica de inmunodeficiencia; microtrombocitopenia y eczema. Presentamos un paciente de 5 años de edad; hispánico; con antecedentes de numerosas infecciones desde el primer año de vida. Actualmente; presenta desnutrición crónica; talla baja secundaria y retraso en el desarrollo del lenguaje. Se diagnosticó una mutación poco frecuente del gen asociado al síndrome de Wiskott-Aldrich.


The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is a rare X-linked recessive immunodeficiency, with an estimated incidence of 3.5 to 5.2 cases per million males. It is characterizedby immunodeficiency, microthrombocytopenia and eczema. We present a 5-year-old Hispanic male, with a medical history of numerous infectious diseases, compromised health, chronic malnutrition, language delay and failure to thrive. An infrequent mutation in the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome gene was found.


Subject(s)
Animals , Chick Embryo , Avian Proteins/metabolism , Cadherins/metabolism , Neural Stem Cells/cytology , Neural Stem Cells/metabolism , Avian Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors , Avian Proteins/genetics , Base Sequence , Cell Count , Cadherins/antagonists & inhibitors , Cadherins/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental , Gene Knockdown Techniques , Neural Tube/cytology , Neural Tube/embryology , Neural Tube/metabolism , Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis , Phenotype , RNA Interference , RNA, Small Interfering/genetics , Signal Transduction
7.
CCH, Correo cient. Holguín ; 18(3): 544-550, jul.-set. 2014.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-723708

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de Wiskott Aldrich es una inmunodeficiencia primaria clasificada dentro del grupo de las bien definidas, se hereda con carácter recesivo ligado al X, el gen mutado codifica para una proteína citoplasmática presente en linfocitos y megacariocitos importante en la regulación de la polimerización de la actina y traducción de señales necesarias para la reorganización del citoesqueleto celular. Las manifestaciones clásicas están dadas por sangramientos, infecciones y eczemas; sus primeros síntomas pueden aparecer al nacimiento con hemorragia petequial, diarreas con sangre; mientras las infecciones y el eczema se desarrollan durante el primer año de edad, la otitis media es la infección que se presenta con mayor frecuencia. Desde el punto de vista inmunológico se caracteriza por tener niveles de inmunoglobulina M bajos, las inmunoglobulinas A y E son elevadas, mientras la inmunoglobulina G puede ser normal a lo que se une trombocitopenia. El diagnóstico de esta enfermedad se realizó en un niño de tres meses de edad, el cual permaneció ingresado por largo tiempo en cuidados intensivos y falleció a los dos años de edad por sepsis generalizada.


The Wiscott Aldrich Syndrome is a well-defined primary immunodeficiency X- linked recessive disorder, the mutated gene encodes a cytoplasmatic protein in lymphocytes and megakaryocytes which is important in actin polymerization and cytoskeletal reorganization .The classic manifestations involve bleeding, infections and eczema. The first symptoms may appear at birth with petechial hemorrhage, diarrhea with blood, while infections and eczema are present during the first year of age, otitis media is an infection that occurs more frequently. From the immunological point of view it is characterized by low levels immunoglobulin M, immunoglobulin A and E are high, while immunoglobulin G may be normal together with thrombocytopenia. This disorder was diagnosed in a three- year- month infant who was admitted at intensive care unit for a long period of time. The patient died when he was two years old due to generalized infection.

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