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Objective To introduce the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) and explore its relationship with disease burden indicators. Methods Based on the data of GBD 2017, we describe the correlation between HALE, DALY rate, YLD rate, YLL rate and SDI from 1990 to 2017 in the global and other 7 countries to explore the practical application value of SDI. Results 1. With the increase of SDI, HALE increased significantly; YLL rate and DALY rate decreased significantly. 2. The trend of YLD rate in low-SDI countries was the same as that of YLL rate and DALY rate; in the high-SDI and middle-SDI countries with longer life spans, as SDI increased, YLD rate also increased. 3. Because the socio-demographic characteristics of different diseases (such as Cardiovascular diseases and Neoplasms) are quite different, we should specifically analyze their relationship with SDI. Conclusion SDI is a good indicator, which can be used as an important covariate to predict disease burden and health outcomes in various areas.
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Background: Diarrhoea has evident itself among the leading causes of under-five childhood mortality globally as well as in India. Although the benefits of zinc supplementation in diarrhoea management have been established, there remain many barriers to the widespread implementation of this treatment strategy. In India, a very small proportion of children in need, 20 per cent in urban and merely 5 per cent in rural, have access to zinc supplementation. The study aimed to assess zinc adherence in the community and find out the preferential mode of zinc as tablet or syrup, to stick to the scheduled adherence.Methods: The proposed method of study is a simple household survey complimented by secondary research around the preference and usage of zinc and ORS among under five children, suffered from diarrhoea in the last 14 days preceding the survey date.Results: The study revealed that 95 per cent of the respondents preferred zinc syrup over zinc tablet for treatment of diarrhoea due to its ease to administer and palatable taste to children. Eighty nine per cent of the total urban and 62 per cent of total rural respondents received zinc in syrup form, indicating the preferred mode of zinc by service providers over tablets.Conclusions: It has been observed that the caregivers tend to give the complete dosage of zinc if it is available in the syrup form. However, it is important to generate evidence to understand the preferential mode of zinc; tablet or syrup in terms of administration of drug, its usage and its cost.
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RESUMEN El daño irreversible de órgano es predictor de morbilidad, mortalidad, mayor acúmulo de daño y mala calidad de vida en los pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico. Objetivos: Caracterizar el daño y los factores que mejor lo explican, en una población de pacientes colombianos con lupus eritematoso sistémico. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de seguimiento a una cohorte. El daño se midió con el SLICC/ACR (índice de Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics y del American College of Rheumatology) y la actividad de la enfermedad por SELENA SLEDAI. La caracterización del daño se hizo mediante estadística descriptiva, los factores asociados con el desenlace se evaluaron con Chi2 de Pearson o Fisher, t de Student o U de Mann-Whitney; la proporción de pacientes que acumularon daño se evaluó con el test de Friedman y el puntaje acumulado con el test de Wilcoxon. La determinación de los factores asociados independientemente con el desenlace se hizo con una regresión logística. Resultados: Se incluyeron 161 pacientes con diagnóstico de novo y seguimiento mínimo de un año; el 28,9% sufrió daño. Los dominios más representados fueron el neuropsiquiátrico, renal y vascular. Los anticuerpos antifosfolípido, las dosis promedio de prednisolona mayores a 12,5 mg/día y presentar 2 o más recaídas se asociaron independientemente al daño orgánico. Conclusiones: Los anticuerpos antifosfolípido, la dosis de esteroides y la frecuencia de recaídas se asocian al daño orgánico en una población colombiana de pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico.
ABSTRACT Irreversible organ damage is a predictive factor of morbidity, mortality, increased accumulation of damage, and poor quality of life in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Objectives: To describe the damage, and the factors that best explain it, in a population of Colombian patients. Methods: A retrospective follow-up study of a patient cohort. The damage was measured using the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) index, and disease activity by SELENA SLEDAI. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the damage. The factors associated with the outcome were evaluated with Pearson's or Fisher's Chi2, Student's t or Mann-Whitney's U. The proportion of patients that accumulated damage was evaluated with the Friedman test, and the cumulative score with the Wilcoxon test. The determination of the factors independently associated with the outcome was performed using logistic regression. Results: A total of 161 patients with recent diagnosis, and followed for one year or more, were included, 28.9% of whom had suffered damage. The most represented domains were neuropsychiatric, renal and vascular. Anti-phospholipid antibodies, mean doses of prednisolone greater than 12.5 mg/day, and suffering 2 or more relapses were independently associated with organ damage. Conclusions: Anti-phospholipid antibodies, steroid doses and frequency of relapses are associated with organ damage in a Colombian population of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic , Quality of Life , Prednisolone , Antibodies, Antiphospholipid , Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System , AntibodiesABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective Parkinson's disease (PD) management is usually successfully reached with proper pharmacological treatment. However, PD patients can manifest neuropsychiatric symptoms secondary to medical therapy, including impulse control disorders (ICD), presenting as pathological gambling, hypersexuality, compulsive buying, drinking or eating disorders. We translated and validated the Portuguese version of the gold-standard questionnaire Parkinson's Disease Impulsive-Compulsive Disorders Questionnaire, or (QUIP) for identifying ICDs in PD patients. Methods Translation, back translation and submission to instrument developer was performed, that approved its new version comparing it to his original, validated version, with no loss of it's original properties. Then, the Portuguese version was administered to 30 PD patients. They also were asked to rate from 1 to 5 the level of comprehensibility of the questions. Results The average level of comprehension was 4.06 ± 0.69 DP, considering 3 or more as acceptable. No patient has answered 1 or 2. Conclusion Our results on Portuguese version of QUIP-CS show that QUIP-CS translated and corrected version was easily understood and easily self-applied.
RESUMO Objetivo O manejo da doença de Parkinson (DP) é usualmente alcançado com sucesso com o tratamento farmacológico apropriado. Entretanto, os pacientes com DP podem manifestar sintomas neuropsiquiátricos secundários à terapêutica, como a síndrome de descontrole dos impulsos (SDI), que se apresenta como o jogar patológico, a hipersexualidade, o comprar, beber ou comer compulsivos. Traduzimos e validamos a versão em português do questionário padrão-ouro para identificação de transtornos impulsivo-compulsivos na DP (QUIP-CS) para identificar nesses pacientes a presença de SDI. Métodos Foram realizadas a tradução, a retrotradução e a submissão do instrumento ao desenvolvedor deste, que aprovou a nova versão comparando esta à sua, que já está validada, sem a perda das suas propriedades originais. Após, a versão em português foi administrada a 30 pacientes com o diagnóstico de DP. Eles também foram solicitados a classificar o nível de compreensibilidade das questões, graduando-as de 1 a 5. Resultados O nível médio de compreensão foi 4,06 ± 0,69 DP, considerando-se 3 ou mais como aceitável. Nenhum paciente respondeu 1 ou 2. Conclusão Os nossos resultados para a versão em português da QUIP-CS mostraram que essa versão, traduzida e corrigida, foi facilmente compreendida e aplicada pelos próprios pacientes.
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Objective To analyze the correlation between seminal plasma α-glucosidase activity and zinc content with sperm morphology parameters in the patients with idiopathic oligozoospermia.Methods One hundred and fifty-two cases of idiopathic oligozoospermia were divided into five groups according to morphological analysis.The quality of semen and sperm morphology were analyzed by using computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) and Diff-Quik staining.The rate method,PAN method and automatic biochemical analyzer were used to detect the seminal plasma α-glucosidase activity and zinc content.Results The seminal plasma α-glucosidase activity had statistically significant difference between 4 groups of normal sperm morphology 3%-4%,2%-3%,1%-2% and 0%-1% with normal sperm morphology ≥4% (Z=-2.199,-2.685,-2.827,-3.358,P0.05);the seminal plasma zinc content had no statistical difference among various groups (P>0.05).The seminal plasma α-glucosidase activity had a extremely significant positive correlation with percentage of normal morphology sperms (P0.05);there was no significant correlation between the zinc content in seminal plasma with the sperm morphological parameters (P>0.05).Conclusion The seminal plasma α-glucosidase activity in idiopathic oligozoospermia patients with abnormal percentage of normal sperm mophology is significantly lower than that in the patients with normal sperm morphology;seminal plasma α glucosidase activity has significantly positive correlation with the percentage of normal mophology sperms,has a negative correlation with SDI,which may be conducive to in vitro fertilization.
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The paper introduces the system design of internet platform in novelty assessment and selective dissemination of informa-tion of medical science and technology project in Zhejiang province, including the exploitation of environment , processing of novelty as-sessment and selective dissemination of information as well as main function design. This system has noticeable advantages, such as com-prehensive functions, multiple participation, transparent service process, which could finish the relevant work on the internet, improve the quality of information service and enhance the efficiency.
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BACKGROUND: In the uterine cervical carcinoma, the inactivation of p53 protein by human papillomavirus(HPV) E6 protein has been reported to play a greater role in carcinogenesis than the mutation of the p53 gene. Therefore, the mutation of the p53 gene is rare. p21 and mdm2 proteins are induced by wild-type p53 protein and are involved in the cell cycle regulatory mechanism. METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining for p53, p21 and mdm2 proteins was performed in 26 HPV-positive and 13 HPV-negative invasive cervical carcinomas together with 5 non-neoplastic cervical tissues. RESULTS: The frequencies of the expression of p53, p21 and mdm2 proteins were 82.1%, 84.6% and 66.7%, respectively. The expression of p53 protein was less frequently demonstrated in HPV-positive cases than HPV-negative cases, which was statistically a negative correlation(p=0.018). The expression of p53 and p21 proteins was statistically significant(p=0.000). CONCLUSIONS: p53, p21 and mdm2 proteins were highly expressed in both HPV-positive and HPV-negative cervical carcinomas. Significantly higher expression of p53 protain in HPV-negative cases necessitate a further study for investigating the role of p53 protein accumulation in carcinogenesis of HPV-negative cervical carcinomas. The relationship between the expression of p53 protein and p21/mdm2 proteins may indicate that p21 and mdm2 proteins also have a role in carcinogenesis, where p53 protein plays a fundamental role.
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Humans , Carcinogenesis , Cell Cycle , Genes, p53 , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 , Uterine Cervical NeoplasmsABSTRACT
We analyzed the expression of p21, bcl2, and p53 in normal and different pathologic mucosa of the human colorectum using immunohistochemistry and cold polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism. The topography of normal mucosa showed; bcl2 and p53 expression restricted to basal epithelial cells and p21 expressed only in superficial epithelial cells. This topographic expression was altered in hyperplastic polyps and adenomas. Hyperplastic polyps revealed absence of or weak bcl2 expression and strong p21 expression without topography. In adenomas, whereas bcl2 expression increased and extended to parabasal and superficial dysplastic epithelium, the increase of p21 expression was limited to surface dysplastic epithelium. p53 was weakly expressed throughout the full thickness of dysplastic epithelium. Bcl2 expression in adenomas was stronger than in carcinomas; p53 expression was converse and p21 expression was variable. In carcinomas, this topographic expression was largely abrogated but p53 mutation (36%) was more frequent than in adenomas (2%). In carcinomas, p21 and p53 expression correlated inversely, but there was no relationship with bcl2. These results suggest that there is precisely ordered topographic pattern of p21, bcl2, and wild p53 expression in normal colorectal cells, but this becomes disordered during the early stage of colorectal carcinogenesis.