Dança do Ventre: imagens contemporâneas / Danza del vientre: imágenes contemporáneas / Belly dance: contemporary images

A história da dança do ventre costuma ser atribuída às práticas ritualísticas da Antiguidade no Oriente Médio. Essa narrativa dificilmente sustenta-se como fato histórico. Entretanto, algumas imagens desempenham papel importante ao gerar sentidos sobre essa dança enquanto manifestação expressiva na atualidade. O objetivo do artigo é investigar os principais fatores relacionados ao movimentar-se presentes na dança do ventre, levando em conta seus aspectos simbólicos e expressivos, de forma a identificar os sentidos desta dança para bailarinas e bailarinos brasileiros. O estudo segue uma orientação fenomenológica que busca descrever as imagens sobre a dança do ventre reveladas em pesquisas de campo. Narrativas associadas ao feminino são recorrentes e sugerem uma elaboração potente, que dialoga com a ancestralidade e se atualiza de forma contemporânea. A dança ganha um sentido existencial e único para quem dança, mas revela um potencial expressivo que é universal.

The history of belly dancing is often attributed to ancient ritualistic practices in the Middle East. This narrative hardly holds up as a historical fact. However, some images are essential in generating meanings about this dance as an expressive manifestation today. The article's objective is to investigate the main factors related to movement present in belly dancing, taking into account its symbolic and expressive aspects, to identify the meanings of this dance for Brazilian dancers. The study follows a phenomenological orientation that seeks to describe the images of belly dancing revealed in field research. Narratives associated with the feminine are recurrent and suggest a powerful elaboration, which dialogues with ancestry and is updated in a contemporary way. The dance takes on an existential and unique meaning for those who dance but reveals a universal expressive potential.

La historia de la danza del vientre a menudo se atribuye a antiguas prácticas rituales femeninas en las sociedades del Medio Oriente. Históricamente, estas narraciones no se sostienen. Aun así, estas imágenes juegan un papel importante en la afirmación de un arquetipo femenino, generando significados sobre esta danza y su importancia como manifestación expresiva en la actualidad. Este estudio fenomenológico busca describir y profundizar en estas y otras imágenes reveladas en testimonios e investigaciones de campo. A partir de esto, buscamos comprender cómo la práctica de la danza del vientre transforma percepciones y sentidos sobre el cuerpo y el mundo de quien baila. Lo femenino de la danza parece fortalecerse colectivamente y sugiere una intención de cambio constante, a partir de experiencias corporales, en contacto con el mundo, desde un lenguaje propio: una práctica de negociación y elaboración de un femenino mucho más contemporáneo que el mito supone.

Application progress of high performance liquid chromatography in detection of hemagglutinin content in influenza vaccine / 中国生物制品学杂志

@#At present,the most commonly used method for detecting hemagglutinin(HA)content in influenza vaccines is still single-radial immunodiffusion(SRID). However,the preparation of standards required by this method takes a long time,usually 2 ～ 3 months. Therefore,how to quantitatively analyze HA accurately has always been a difficult problem in the detection of HA content in the situation that reference products can not be obtained at the early stage of the pandemic influenza. High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)has its own characteristics of rapidity,high sensitivity,good repeatability and high accuracy,which can rapidly determine HA content by using different separation principles and has been widely used in the detection of HA content in influenza vaccine. This paper reviewed the research progress of the application of HPLC in the determination of HA content in influenza vaccine.

Cloning and Expression Analysis of Squalene Epoxidase Gene in Poria cocos / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo clone squalene epoxidase （SE）， a potential key rate-limiting enzyme involved in the synthesis pathway of Poria cocos triterpenes， from P. cocos and analyze for bioinformatics and expression. MethodThe total RNA was extracted by the kit and reverse-transcribed to cDNA. Specific primers were designed， and the cDNA was used as a template for cloning the SE gene， which was analyzed for bioinformatics. The expression of P. cocos qualene epoxidase（PcSE） was examined by Real-time polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR） in P. coco Shenzhou No. 10， Xiangjing 28， and 5.78 strains. ResultThe full length of PcSE is 1 571 bp， containing four exons and three introns. The obtained CDS sequence is 1 413 bp， encoding 470 amino acids. This protein is a hydrophobic protein with no signal peptide structure and has two transmembrane structural domains with a FAD/NAD （P） binding domain and SE structural domain localized to the mitochondrial membrane and the plasma membrane. The homologous sequence alignment with fungi of the Poriferae family is 80.92%， and the phylogenetic tree shows that PcSE protein is most closely related to P. cocos from the US. The results of Real-time PCR showed that the PcSE was expressed in all three strains， with the highest expression in 5.78 strain， and there was no significant difference in PcSE expression among the three strains. ConclusionFor the first time， the PcSE gene was cloned and analyzed from P. cocos， providing a basis for further research on the function of PcSE and the analysis of P. cocos triterpene biosynthesis pathway.

Comparative analysis of various sources of selenium on the growth performance and antioxidant status in broilers under heat stress / Análise comparativa de várias fontes de selênio no desempenho de crescimento e status antioxidante em frangos de corte sob estresse térmico

The supplementation of Selenium-enriched probiotics is effective in reducing oxidative stress and maintaining meat quality stability in broiler chicken especially under heat stress. An experimental study was conducted to perform Comparative analysis of Selenium yeast with inorganic Se in broilers under heat stress. A total of 120 broilers chicks of one day were assigned to 4 groups each consisting 30 chicks fed on same basal diet but different selenium sources. The basal diet of group D1 was not supplemented with Se source (Negative control), group D2 basal diet was supplemented with inorganic selenium (Sodium selenite 0.22mg/Kg starter phase and 0.15mg/Kg finisher phase), group D3 basal diet was supplemented with commercially available organic selenium (Seleno-methionine 0.22mg/Kg starter phase and 0.15mg/Kg finisher phase) and group D4 basal diet was supplemented with self-developed organic selenium (Se-enriched yeast 0.22mg/Kg starter phase and 0.15mg/Kg finisher phase). The performance parameters i.e. feed intake (FI), live body weight (BW) and FCR were not significantly (p>0.05) effected by selenium supplementation in the starter phase but were significantly (p<0.05) effected in the finisher phase. Selenium supplementation significantly (p<0.05) effected serum Se level in different supplemented groups. Higher serum Se value (58.20±0.06) was recorded in D4 group. Similarly significantly lower selenium value was recorded for D4 and higher was recorded for D1 (11.36±0.08). However lower serum Paraoxonase (PON) value was recorded for D4 (13.24±0.01) and higher for D1 (13.33±0.03). Comparatively self-developed Se enriched yeast increased the Se accumulation and improved antioxidant system. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was found higher in D4 (12.333±0.03) followed by D3, D2 and D1 respectively. Whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly lower (p<0.05) in D4 (0.1437±0.003) followed by D3 (0.1457±0.002). Selenium supplementation increased the [...].

A suplementação de probióticos enriquecidos com selênio é eficaz na redução do estresse oxidativo e na manutenção da estabilidade da qualidade da carne em frangos de corte, especialmente sob estresse por calor. Um estudo experimental foi conduzido para realizar uma análise comparativa da levedura selênio com o Se inorgânico em frangos de corte sob estresse térmico. Um total de 120 pintos de um dia foi dividido em 4 grupos, cada um consistindo de 30 pintos alimentados com a mesma dieta basal, mas com diferentes fontes de selênio. A dieta basal do grupo D1 não foi suplementada com fonte de Se (controle negativo), a dieta basal do grupo D2 foi suplementada com selênio inorgânico (selenito de sódio 0,22 mg / kg fase inicial e 0,15 mg / kg fase finalizadora), a dieta basal do grupo D3 foi suplementada com selênio orgânico disponível comercialmente (fase inicial de seleno-metionina 0,22 mg / kg e fase finalizadora de 0,15 mg / kg) e a dieta basal do grupo D4 foi suplementada com selênio orgânico autodesenvolvido (fermento enriquecido com Se 0,22 mg / kg fase inicial e 0,15 mg / kg fase finalizadora). Os parâmetros de desempenho, ou seja, consumo de ração (FI), peso corporal vivo (PC) e FCR não foram significativamente (p > 0,05) afetados pela suplementação de selênio na fase inicial, mas foram significativamente (p < 0,05) afetados na fase final. A suplementação de selênio afetou significativamente (p < 0,05) o nível de Se sérico em diferentes grupos suplementados. O maior valor de Se sérico (58,20 ± 0,06) foi registrado no grupo D4. Da mesma forma, valor de selênio significativamente menor foi registrado para D4 e maior foi registrado para D1 (11,36 ± 0,08). No entanto, um valor mais baixo de Paraoxonase (PON) sérica foi registrado para D4 (13,24 ± 0,01) e mais alto para D1 (13,33 ± 0,03). A levedura enriquecida com Se comparativamente autodesenvolvida aumentou o acúmulo de Se e melhorou o sistema [...].

Nutritional assessment of servicemen in relation to area of duty and feeding habits: a Pakistani prospective

Abstract The present study was carried out to determine incidence of overweight and obesity in Pakistani servicemen with reference to their area of duty, feeding habits and also to identify risk factors. Accordingly, 2,501 servicemen selected from all over Pakistan using multiple stage stratified sampling protocol. Nutrition assessment performed using body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio (WHR) and dietary assessment using food frequency questionnaire. Collected data was analyzed using the SPSS version 25. Regression was used to find risk factors of obesity and WHR. Results indicated that about 1/4th of servicemen were smokers. Approximately, 1/5th of them were overweight and about one quarter were eating fruits and vegetables for 3 days/ week and 4 days/week, respectively. Only 1/3rd of them were physically active for at least 40 minutes per day. Age and fruits intake were significantly predicting BMI with a direct relation and vegetable intake was negatively correlated to BMI of the servicemen. Age and rank were significant predictors of WHR while, physical activity was negatively correlated to WHR. It is concluded and suggested from our study that there is a need to modify eating patterns and habits as well as improving physical activity on daily basis for healthy and long life of the servicemen.

Resumo

Comparative analysis of various sources of selenium on the growth performance and antioxidant status in broilers under heat stress

Abstract The supplementation of Selenium-enriched probiotics is effective in reducing oxidative stress and maintaining meat quality stability in broiler chicken especially under heat stress. An experimental study was conducted to perform Comparative analysis of Selenium yeast with inorganic Se in broilers under heat stress. A total of 120 broilers chicks of one day were assigned to 4 groups each consisting 30 chicks fed on same basal diet but different selenium sources. The basal diet of group D1 was not supplemented with Se source (Negative control), group D2 basal diet was supplemented with inorganic selenium (Sodium selenite 0.22mg/Kg starter phase and 0.15mg/Kg finisher phase), group D3 basal diet was supplemented with commercially available organic selenium (Seleno-methionine 0.22mg/Kg starter phase and 0.15mg/Kg finisher phase) and group D4 basal diet was supplemented with self-developed organic selenium (Se-enriched yeast 0.22mg/Kg starter phase and 0.15mg/Kg finisher phase). The performance parameters i.e. feed intake (FI), live body weight (BW) and FCR were not significantly (p>0.05) effected by selenium supplementation in the starter phase but were significantly (p 0.05) effected in the finisher phase. Selenium supplementation significantly (p 0.05) effected serum Se level in different supplemented groups. Higher serum Se value (58.20±0.06) was recorded in D4 group. Similarly significantly lower selenium value was recorded for D4 and higher was recorded for D1 (11.36±0.08). However lower serum Paraoxonase (PON) value was recorded for D4 (13.24±0.01) and higher for D1 (13.33±0.03). Comparatively self-developed Se enriched yeast increased the Se accumulation and improved antioxidant system. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was found higher in D4 (12.333±0.03) followed by D3, D2 and D1 respectively. Whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly lower (p 0.05) in D4 (0.1437±0.003) followed by D3 (0.1457±0.002). Selenium supplementation increased the birds survival rate. Birds fed on Se enriched yeast showed higher Se deposition and better antioxidant capacity as compared to other sources of selenium. Se-enriched yeast displayed an improved result on Se deposition in tissues, and oxidative capacity, meat tenderness and immune response level as compared to other sources of selenium.

Resumo A suplementação de probióticos enriquecidos com selênio é eficaz na redução do estresse oxidativo e na manutenção da estabilidade da qualidade da carne em frangos de corte, especialmente sob estresse por calor. Um estudo experimental foi conduzido para realizar uma análise comparativa da levedura selênio com o Se inorgânico em frangos de corte sob estresse térmico. Um total de 120 pintos de um dia foi dividido em 4 grupos, cada um consistindo de 30 pintos alimentados com a mesma dieta basal, mas com diferentes fontes de selênio. A dieta basal do grupo D1 não foi suplementada com fonte de Se (controle negativo), a dieta basal do grupo D2 foi suplementada com selênio inorgânico (selenito de sódio 0,22 mg / kg fase inicial e 0,15 mg / kg fase finalizadora), a dieta basal do grupo D3 foi suplementada com selênio orgânico disponível comercialmente (fase inicial de seleno-metionina 0,22 mg / kg e fase finalizadora de 0,15 mg / kg) e a dieta basal do grupo D4 foi suplementada com selênio orgânico autodesenvolvido (fermento enriquecido com Se 0,22 mg / kg fase inicial e 0,15 mg / kg fase finalizadora). Os parâmetros de desempenho, ou seja, consumo de ração (FI), peso corporal vivo (PC) e FCR não foram significativamente (p > 0,05) afetados pela suplementação de selênio na fase inicial, mas foram significativamente (p 0,05) afetados na fase final. A suplementação de selênio afetou significativamente (p 0,05) o nível de Se sérico em diferentes grupos suplementados. O maior valor de Se sérico (58,20 ± 0,06) foi registrado no grupo D4. Da mesma forma, valor de selênio significativamente menor foi registrado para D4 e maior foi registrado para D1 (11,36 ± 0,08). No entanto, um valor mais baixo de Paraoxonase (PON) sérica foi registrado para D4 (13,24 ± 0,01) e mais alto para D1 (13,33 ± 0,03). A levedura enriquecida com Se comparativamente autodesenvolvida aumentou o acúmulo de Se e melhorou o sistema antioxidante. A glutationa peroxidase (GPx) foi encontrada maior em D4 (12,333 ± 0,03) seguido por D3, D2 e D1 respectivamente. Enquanto a superóxido dismutase (SOD) foi significativamente menor (p 0,05) em D4 (0,1437 ± 0,003) seguido por D3 (0,1457 ± 0,002). A suplementação de selênio aumentou a taxa de sobrevivência da ave. Aves alimentadas com levedura enriquecida com Se apresentaram maior deposição de Se e melhor capacidade antioxidante em comparação com outras fontes de selênio. A levedura enriquecida com Se apresentou um resultado melhorado na deposição de Se nos tecidos, capacidade oxidativa, maciez da carne e nível de resposta imune em comparação com outras fontes de selênio.

Violência por parceiro íntimo entre homens que se relacionam com homens / Intimate partner violence among men who relate with men / Violencia de pareja íntima entre hombres que tienen relaciones con hombres

A violência por parceiro íntimo (VPI) consiste em atos que ameacem causar ou efetivamente causem danos em um parceiro dentro de uma relação afetivo-sexual, independente da configuração ou tempo do relacionamento ou de haver coabitação ou não entre as partes. Nas relações homossexuais, a VPI é invisibilizada de diversas maneiras, mesmo sendo reconhecida como uma grave violação de direitos humanos. O estudo objetivou compreender os significados da VPI para um grupo de homens que se relacionam com homens (HRH). Participaram da pesquisa oito HRH, selecionados através da técnica "bola de neve", utilizada devido à sensibilidade do tema, considerando os estigmas de ser HRH. Os dados foram obtidos através de entrevista semiestruturada e foram analisados pela Análise Temática. Como resultados, foram construídas seis categorias: 1º) O armário; 2º) Homofobia 3º) Racismo, poder e vulnerabilidade a VPI; 4º) Sexualidade; 5º) Infidelidade; 6º) HIV, que discutem a interseccionalidade de diversas formas de opressão na produção de VPI entre HRH. Conclui-se que a VPI vivenciada por esse grupo é influenciada por diversos fatores que envolvem a interseccionalidade de vários marcadores sociais, como os estereótipos de masculinidade em relação a hipersexualização e infidelidade, a homofobia como fator direto do estresse minoritário, o racismo que hierarquiza os corpos e invisibiliza o afeto de homens negros, e o estigma de HIV no imaginário social.(AU)

Intimate partner violence (IPV) consists of acts that threaten to harm or actually harm to a partner within an affective-sexual relationship, regardless of the configuration or duration of the relationship or whether or not there is cohabitation between the parties. In homosexual relationships, IPV is made invisible in several ways, even though it is recognized as a serious violation of human rights. The study aimed to understand the meanings of IPV for a group of men in same sex relationships (MSSR). Eight MSSR participated in the research, selected by snowball sampling, used due to the topic's sensitivity, considering the stigmas involved in being MSSR. Data were constructed via semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Thematic Analysis. As a result, six categories were constructed: 1) The closet persons; 2) Homophobia; 3) Racism, power, and vulnerability to IPV; 4) Sexuality; 5) Infidelity; 6) HIV, which discuss the intersectionality of various forms of oppression in the production of IPV among MSSR. Thus, the IPV experienced by this group is influenced by several factors that involve the intersectionality between different social markers, such as stereotypes of masculinity in relation to hypersexualization and infidelity, homophobia as a direct factor of minority stress, the racism that hierarchizes bodies and makes the affection of Black men and the stigma of HIV invisible in the social imaginary.(AU)

La violencia de pareja (VP) consiste en actos que amenazan con causar o de hecho causan daño a una pareja dentro de una relación afectivo-sexual, independientemente de la configuración o duración de la relación o de si existe o no cohabitación entre las partes. En las relaciones homosexuales, la VP se invisibiliza de varias formas, a pesar de que se reconoce como una grave violación de los derechos humanos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender los significados de VP para un grupo de hombres que se relacionan con hombres (HRH). Ocho HRH participaron de la investigación, seleccionados mediante la técnica de "bola de nieve", utilizada debido a la sensibilidad del tema, considerando los estigmas de ser HRH. Los datos se construyeron mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas y se sometieron a análisis temático. Como resultado se construyeron seis categorías: 1.ª) El armario; 2.º) Homofobia; 3.º) Racismo, poder y vulnerabilidad a la VP; 4.º) Sexualidad; 5.º) Infidelidad; 6.ª) HIV; que discuten la interseccionalidad de diferentes formas de opresión en la producción de VP entre HRH. Se concluye que la VP vivida por este grupo está influida por varios factores que involucran la interseccionalidad entre distintos marcadores sociales, como los estereotipos de masculinidad en relación con la hipersexualización y la infidelidad, la homofobia como factor directo de estrés minoritario, el racismo que jerarquiza cuerpos e invisibiliza en el imaginario social el afecto de los hombres negros y el estigma del HIV en el imaginario social.(AU)

Consumo de álcool em universitário e sua associação com o comportamento sexual de risco: uma revisão sistemática / Alcohol consumption in college students and its association with risky sexual behavior: a systematic review / Consumo de alcohol en universitarios y su asociación con comportamientos sexuales de riesgo: una revisión sistemática

O consumo de substâncias psicoativas, principalmente o álcool, encontra-se presente em diversos meios de comunicação, geralmente tendo seu uso associado a fatores desejáveis como poder, prazer, sucesso financeiro e sexual. Os jovens universitários quando ingressam em cursos de graduação, demonstram mudanças comportamentais, ocasionadas por novas responsabilidades, além de terem maior contato e oportunidade de uso de álcool, drogas e prática de sexo inseguro. Assim, tornam-se mais vulneráveis aos comportamentos sexuais de risco (CSR), como relação sexual desprotegida, multiplicidade de parceiros e uso de drogas (lícitas ou ilícitas). Os CSR podem ter como consequência as infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (ISTs) e a gravidez não planejada. OBJETIVO: Analisar como o consumo de álcool por universitários, associa-se ao comportamento sexual de risco desses indivíduos. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática em que a busca de artigos para pesquisa ocorreu no mês de agosto de 2022 nas bases de dados LILACS, SciELO e PubMed, resultando em 313 artigos, que após os critérios de inclusão e exclusão resultaram em 22 artigos para o desenvolvimento do estudo. RESULTADOS: Constatou-se um alto nível de consumo de álcool entre os universitários, com elevada propensão à comportamentos sexuais de risco, principalmente não utilizar preservativos e múltiplos parceiros sexuais. CONCLUSÃO: Existe associação entre o consumo de álcool e o comportamento sexual de risco entre os acadêmicos e que existe à necessidade de uma intervenção para conscientizar e educar esses jovens à respeito da disseminação de IST's.

The consumption of psychoactive substances, especially alcohol, is pre- sent in various media, usually associated with desirable factors such as power, pleasure, financial and sexual success. Young college students, when entering undergraduate cour- ses, show behavioral changes caused by new responsibilities, besides having greater con- tact and opportunity to use alcohol, drugs and unsafe sex. Thus, they become more vulnerable to risky sexual behavior (SCOR), such as unprotected sexual intercourse, mul- tiple partners, and drug use (licit or illicit). RSCs can result in sexually transmitted infec- tions (STIs) and unintended pregnancy. OBJECTIVE: To analyze how alcohol consump- tion by college students is associated with risky sexual behavior. METHODOLOGY: This is a systematic review in which the search for articles for research occurred in August 2022 in the LILACS, SciELO and PubMed databases, resulting in 313 articles, which after inclusion and exclusion criteria resulted in 22 articles for the development of the study. RESULTS: We found a high level of alcohol consumption among college students, with a high propensity for risky sexual behavior, especially not using condoms and mul- tiple sexual partners. CONCLUSION: There is an association between alcohol consump- tion and risky sexual behavior among students, and there is a need for an intervention to educate these young people about the spread of STIs.

El consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, especialmente alcohol, está presente en diversos medios de comunicación, generalmente asociado a factores deseables como poder, placer, éxito financiero y sexual. Los jóvenes universitarios, al ingresar en los cursos de graduación, demuestran cambios de comportamiento, causados por nuevas responsabilidades, además de tener mayor contacto y oportunidad de consumir alcohol, drogas y sexo inseguro. Así, se vuelven más vulnerables a los comportamientos sexuales de riesgo (CSR), como las relaciones sexuales sin protección, las parejas múltiples y el consumo de drogas (lícitas o ilícitas). Los CSR pueden provocar infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) y embarazos no deseados. OBJETIVO: Analizar cómo se asocia el consumo de alcohol por parte de los estudiantes universitarios con las conductas sexuales de riesgo. METODOLOGÍA: Se trata de una revisión sistemática en la cual la búsqueda de artículos para investigación ocurrió en agosto de 2022 en las bases de datos LILACS, SciELO y PubMed, resultando en 313 artículos, que después de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión resultaron en 22 artículos para el desarrollo del estudio. RESULTADOS: Se observó un alto consumo de alcohol entre los universitarios, con alta propensión a comportamientos sexuales de riesgo, especialmente el no uso de preservativo y la multiplicidad de parejas sexuales. CONCLUSIÓN: Existe una asociación entre el consumo de alcohol y las conductas sexuales de riesgo entre los estudiantes universitarios y que es necesaria una inter- vención para educar a estos jóvenes sobre el contagio de las ITS.

Comparative analysis of various sources of selenium on the growth performance and antioxidant status in broilers under heat stress / Análise comparativa de várias fontes de selênio no desempenho de crescimento e status antioxidante em frangos de corte sob estresse térmico

Abstract The supplementation of Selenium-enriched probiotics is effective in reducing oxidative stress and maintaining meat quality stability in broiler chicken especially under heat stress. An experimental study was conducted to perform Comparative analysis of Selenium yeast with inorganic Se in broilers under heat stress. A total of 120 broilers chicks of one day were assigned to 4 groups each consisting 30 chicks fed on same basal diet but different selenium sources. The basal diet of group D1 was not supplemented with Se source (Negative control), group D2 basal diet was supplemented with inorganic selenium (Sodium selenite 0.22mg/Kg starter phase and 0.15mg/Kg finisher phase), group D3 basal diet was supplemented with commercially available organic selenium (Seleno-methionine 0.22mg/Kg starter phase and 0.15mg/Kg finisher phase) and group D4 basal diet was supplemented with self-developed organic selenium (Se-enriched yeast 0.22mg/Kg starter phase and 0.15mg/Kg finisher phase). The performance parameters i.e. feed intake (FI), live body weight (BW) and FCR were not significantly (p>0.05) effected by selenium supplementation in the starter phase but were significantly (p<0.05) effected in the finisher phase. Selenium supplementation significantly (p<0.05) effected serum Se level in different supplemented groups. Higher serum Se value (58.20±0.06) was recorded in D4 group. Similarly significantly lower selenium value was recorded for D4 and higher was recorded for D1 (11.36±0.08). However lower serum Paraoxonase (PON) value was recorded for D4 (13.24±0.01) and higher for D1 (13.33±0.03). Comparatively self-developed Se enriched yeast increased the Se accumulation and improved antioxidant system. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was found higher in D4 (12.333±0.03) followed by D3, D2 and D1 respectively. Whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly lower (p<0.05) in D4 (0.1437±0.003) followed by D3 (0.1457±0.002). Selenium supplementation increased the bird's survival rate. Birds fed on Se enriched yeast showed higher Se deposition and better antioxidant capacity as compared to other sources of selenium. Se-enriched yeast displayed an improved result on Se deposition in tissues, and oxidative capacity, meat tenderness and immune response level as compared to other sources of selenium.

Resumo A suplementação de probióticos enriquecidos com selênio é eficaz na redução do estresse oxidativo e na manutenção da estabilidade da qualidade da carne em frangos de corte, especialmente sob estresse por calor. Um estudo experimental foi conduzido para realizar uma análise comparativa da levedura selênio com o Se inorgânico em frangos de corte sob estresse térmico. Um total de 120 pintos de um dia foi dividido em 4 grupos, cada um consistindo de 30 pintos alimentados com a mesma dieta basal, mas com diferentes fontes de selênio. A dieta basal do grupo D1 não foi suplementada com fonte de Se (controle negativo), a dieta basal do grupo D2 foi suplementada com selênio inorgânico (selenito de sódio 0,22 mg / kg fase inicial e 0,15 mg / kg fase finalizadora), a dieta basal do grupo D3 foi suplementada com selênio orgânico disponível comercialmente (fase inicial de seleno-metionina 0,22 mg / kg e fase finalizadora de 0,15 mg / kg) e a dieta basal do grupo D4 foi suplementada com selênio orgânico autodesenvolvido (fermento enriquecido com Se 0,22 mg / kg fase inicial e 0,15 mg / kg fase finalizadora). Os parâmetros de desempenho, ou seja, consumo de ração (FI), peso corporal vivo (PC) e FCR não foram significativamente (p > 0,05) afetados pela suplementação de selênio na fase inicial, mas foram significativamente (p < 0,05) afetados na fase final. A suplementação de selênio afetou significativamente (p < 0,05) o nível de Se sérico em diferentes grupos suplementados. O maior valor de Se sérico (58,20 ± 0,06) foi registrado no grupo D4. Da mesma forma, valor de selênio significativamente menor foi registrado para D4 e maior foi registrado para D1 (11,36 ± 0,08). No entanto, um valor mais baixo de Paraoxonase (PON) sérica foi registrado para D4 (13,24 ± 0,01) e mais alto para D1 (13,33 ± 0,03). A levedura enriquecida com Se comparativamente autodesenvolvida aumentou o acúmulo de Se e melhorou o sistema antioxidante. A glutationa peroxidase (GPx) foi encontrada maior em D4 (12,333 ± 0,03) seguido por D3, D2 e ​​D1 respectivamente. Enquanto a superóxido dismutase (SOD) foi significativamente menor (p < 0,05) em D4 (0,1437 ± 0,003) seguido por D3 (0,1457 ± 0,002). A suplementação de selênio aumentou a taxa de sobrevivência da ave. Aves alimentadas com levedura enriquecida com Se apresentaram maior deposição de Se e melhor capacidade antioxidante em comparação com outras fontes de selênio. A levedura enriquecida com Se apresentou um resultado melhorado na deposição de Se nos tecidos, capacidade oxidativa, maciez da carne e nível de resposta imune em comparação com outras fontes de selênio.

Depressão: a dor da alma de quem perdeu-se de si mesmo / Depression: The pain of the soul of those who lost themselves / Depresión: el dolor del alma de los que se perdieron

A depressão, no sentido simbólico, é a melhor expressão da dor da alma que se perdeu de sua própria natureza. Depressão como um estado de aprisionamento. Os seres vivos estão sempre em transformações físicas, psíquicas, socioculturais e noéticas. Quando as transformações não encontram espaço para se expressar, surge o sofrimento. A solução seria romper e, quando não se consegue, a depressão surge. A busca da possibilidade de refazer a ligação com o outro poderá ser feita por um processo via logos espiritualizado. O mito de Orfeu é usado para explicitar a perda da coniunctio com a anima e a segunda busca de si mesmo pelo caminho da Sabedoria Profunda. Essa busca pode ser traduzida também pelas questões kantianas: Quem sou eu? Por que estou aqui? Qual o sentido da minha vida? Qual é minha responsabilidade diante de tudo que me cerca? A conclusão sobre o texto define a condição do entender que o se perder de si mesmo, fundamento da depressão, encontra respostas, num segundo momento da vida, pelo conhecimento, via logos espiritualizado e veiculado pela Sabedoria Profunda.

Depression, in the symbolic sense, is the best expression of the pain of the soul that has lost its own nature. Depression as a state of imprisonment. Living beings are always undergoing physical, psychic, sociocultural, and noetic transformations. When transformations do not find space to express themselves, suffering arises. The solution would be to break up and when you don't succeed, depression arises. The search for the possibility of remaking the connection with the other can be done through a process via spiritualized logos. The myth of Orpheus is used to explain the loss of the coniunctio with the anima and the second search for oneself along the path of Profound Wisdom. This search can also be translated by the Kantian questions: "Who am I? Why am I here? What is the meaning of my life? What is my responsibility to everything around me?" The conclusion on the text defines the condition of understanding that losing oneself, the basis of depression, finds answers, in a second moment of life, through knowledge, via spiritualized logos and conveyed by Profound Wisdom.

La depresión, en sentido simbólico, es la mejor expresión del dolor del alma que ha perdido su propia naturaleza. La depresión como estado de encarcelamiento. Los seres vivos siempre están pasando por transformaciones físicas, psíquicas, socioculturales y noéticas. Cuando las transformaciones no encuentran espacio para expresarse, surge el sufrimiento. La solución sería romper y cuando no lo consigues, surge la depresión. La búsqueda de la posibilidad de rehacer la conexión con el otro puede hacerse a través de un proceso vía logos espiritualizados. Se utiliza el mito de Orfeo para explicar la pérdida del coniunctio con el ánima y la segunda búsqueda de uno mismo por el camino de la Sabiduría Profunda. Esta búsqueda también puede traducirse por las preguntas kantianas: ¿Quién soy yo? ¿Por qué estoy aquí? ¿Cuál es el significado de mi vida? ¿Cuál es mi responsabilidad con todo lo que me rodea? La conclusión del texto define la condición de comprensión de que el perderse a sí mismo, base de la depresión, encuentra respuestas, en un segundo momento de la vida, a través del conocimiento, a través del logos espiritualizado y transmitido por la Sabiduría Profunda.

Intención de aceptación a la vacunación contra la COVID-19 en sectores vulnerables del Ecuador

Introducción: La COVID-19 causó que varios sectores profesionales hayan tenido que enfrentarlo en primera línea, viéndose afectados ante la vulnerabilidad de contraer el virus. A pesar de la baja tasa de mortalidad de los momentos actuales y la poca saturación de pacientes con COVID-19 en los centros de salud, la aplicación de una cuarta dosis de inoculación ha generado posturas diferentes entre varios países. Objetivo: Determinar si el personal considerado con altos riesgos de vulnerabilidad de la ciudad de Santo Domingo de los Colorados, en Ecuador, tiene intenciones favorables para la aplicación de la cuarta dosis de la vacuna contra la COVID-19. Método: Se desarrolló un estudio cuantitativo de alcance correlacional y diseño transversal. Un cuestionario conformado por 16 preguntas midió las variables: riesgo de contagio, conocimiento percibido sobre la vacuna, confianza sobre la vacuna e intención de vacunarse; el cual fue aplicado a 375 participantes. Los análisis estadísticos fueron desarrollados a través de Excel y Statistical Package for Social Sciences 21 (SPSS 21). Resultados: Los análisis estadísticos evidenciaron que el riesgo de contagio (β=0,178**), el conocimiento percibido sobre la vacuna (β=0,218**) y la confianza sobre la vacuna (β=0,192**) se correlacionan significativamente con la intención de vacunarse, ante lo cual se evidencia la necesidad de recibir una cuarta dosis de inoculación por parte de los sectores vulnerables. Conclusiones: Esta es la primera investigación que expone resultados respecto a la intención de vacunación en las personas vulnerables y pone en evidencia la intención de acceder a una cuarta dosis de inoculación.

Introduction: COVID-19 caused healthcare professional workers have faced the pandemic on the frontline at the risk of being infected with the virus. Despite the low mortality rate at present and the low presence of patients with COVID-19 in health care centers, the application of a fourth booster dose has generated different positions among several countries. Objective: To determine whether personnel considered being at high risk of vulnerability in the city of Santo Domingo de los Colorados, Ecuador, have favorable intentions for receiving the fourth booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. Method: A quantitative study of correlational scope and cross-sectional design was developed. A questionnaire consisting of 16 questions measured the following variables: risk of infection, perceived knowledge of the vaccine, confidence in the vaccine and intention to be vaccinated; this questionnaire was applied to 375 participants. Statistical analyses were developed using the microsoft Excel spreadsheed and Statistical Packagefor Social Sciences 21 (SPSS 21). Results: Statistical analyses showed that the risk of infection (β=0.178**), perceived knowledge about the vaccine (β=0.218**) and confidence about the vaccine (β=0.192**) are significantly correlated with the intention to be fully vaccinated, thus showing the need for a fourth booster dose by vulnerable sectors. Conclusion: This is the first research that presents results regarding the intention to vaccinate vulnerable people and highlights the intention to access a fourth booster dose.

Introdução: O COVID-19 fez com que diversos setores profissionais o enfrentassem na linha de frente, sendo afetados pela vulnerabilidade de contrair o vírus. Apesar da baixa taxa de mortalidade atual e da baixa saturação de pacientes com COVID-19 nos centros de saúde, a aplicação de uma quarta dose de inoculação gerou posições diferentes entre vários países. Objetivo: Determinar se o pessoal considerado de alto risco de vulnerabilidade na cidade de Santo Domingo de los Colorados, no Equador, tem intenções favoráveis para a aplicação da quarta dose da vacina contra COVID-19. Método: Foi desenvolvido um estudo quantitativo com escopo correlacional e delineamento transversal. Um questionário composto por 16 questões mediu as variáveis: risco de contágio, conhecimento percebido sobre a vacina, confiança sobre a vacina e intenção de se vacinar; que foi aplicado a 375 participantes. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas no Excel e no Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 21 (SPSS 21). Resultados: As análises estatísticas mostraram que o risco de contágio (β=0,178**), o conhecimento percebido sobre a vacina (β=0,218**) e a confiança sobre a vacina (β=0,192**) estão significativamente correlacionados com a intenção de ser vacinado, o que evidencia a necessidade de receber uma quarta dose de inoculação por setores vulneráveis. Conclusões: Esta é a primeira pesquisa que expõe resultados sobre a intenção de vacinação em pessoas vulneráveis e evidencia a intenção de acessar uma quarta dose de inoculação.

Transition from first illegal drug use to first injection among people who inject drugs in Northern Mexico: A retrospective survival analysis / Transición del primer consumo de drogas ilegales a la primera inyección entre las personas que se inyectan drogas en el norte de México: un análisis retrospectivo de supervivencia

Abstract Introduction There is little information in Mexico about the transition to injecting drugs among drug users in cities other than Tijuana. Objective We compare characteristics of the onset of drug use and first injection among people who inject drugs (PWID) from Ciudad Juárez and Hermosillo, two cities of Northern Mexico and identify factors associated with faster rates of transition from first drug use to the first injection. Method 841 PWID were interviewed in 2012 in Ciudad Juárez (n = 445) and Hermosillo (n = 396). Using lifetables, we describe timing at the onset of drug use and first injection. Cox regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with the transition hazard to first injection. Results Median age at onset of drug use was 15.5 years old (standard deviation [SD] = 5.73). The median age at first injection was 21.30 (SD = 7.22). The median duration-time between first drug use and transition to injection was 4.8 years (SD = 5.6). Controlling for sociodemographics, factors that increase the hazard of transitioning to injection are age at onset of drug use (adjusted-hazard-rate [AHR] = 1.04, 95% confidence-interval CI [1.03, 1.05], p<.01) having used cocaine, heroin, or methamphetamine at the onset of drug use (AHR = 1.14, 95% CI [1.03, 1.27], p = .01), and having received assistance at first injection (AHR = 1.25, 95% CI [1.17, 1.33], p<.01). Discussion and conclusion Results show the need to enhance harm reduction programs among non-injecting drug users so as to prevent the spread of injecting drugs in Mexico.

Resumen Introducción Existe poca información en México sobre los calendarios al uso inyectado de drogas en ciudades distintas a Tijuana. Objetivo Comparamos las características del inicio del consumo de drogas y la primera inyección entre las personas que se inyectan drogas (PID) de Hermosillo y Ciudad Juárez e identificamos factores asociados con la transición a la primera inyección. Método En 2012 encuestamos a 841 PID en Ciudad Juárez (n = 445) y Hermosillo (n = 396). Utilizando tablas de vida analizamos las edades al primer uso de sustancias ilícitas y de la primera inyección. Ajustamos un modelo de regresión Cox para determinar los factores asociados con el riesgo de transición a la primera inyección. Resultados La edad mediana al primer consumo de drogas fue 15.5 años (desviación estándar [DE] = 5.73). La edad mediana a la primera inyección fue 21.30 (DE = 7.22). La duración mediana entre el primer uso de drogas ilícitas y la primera inyección fue de 4.8 años (DE = 5.6). Controlando los factores sociodemográficos, los factores que aumentan el riesgo de transición a la inyección son la edad al inicio de uso de drogas ([AHR] = 1.04, intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95% [1.03, 1.05], p<.01) uso de cocaína, heroína o metanfetamina como droga de inicio (AHR = 1.14, IC 95% [1.03, 1.27], p = .01) y haber recibido asistencia en la primera inyección (AHR = 1.25, IC 95% [1.17, 1.33], p<.01). Discusión y conclusión Es necesario mejorar los programas de reducción de daños entre los consumidores de drogas no inyectables para prevenir la propagación del uso inyectado de sustancias en el norte de México.

Study on separation and purification process of C1 esterase inhibitor / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To study the technology of separating and purifying C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) by using the waste washing liquid as raw materia during the preparation of human prothrombin complex (PCC) l. 【Methods】 C1-INH was isolated and purified by a two-step method of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 precipitation and cation chromatography. The pH of raw materials and the concentration of PEG4000 were adjusted to investigate the optimal conditions of PEG4000 precipitation method. After PEG was precipitated and centrifuged, the supernatant is treated as the loading solution for cation exchange chromatography, using Fractogel EMD SE HiCap(M) gel and CM Sepharose FF gel for ion exchange chromatography. The most suitable gel and separation conditions were selected by comparing the C1-INH antigen yield, activity yield and specific activity. 【Results】 Under the condition of pH 6.1, when the mass fraction of PEG4000 was 14%, the recovery rate of C1 esterase inhibitor was close to 70%, and the removal rate of ceruloplasmin was more than 95% after stirring for 10 minutes. As fractogel EMD SE HiCap(M) gel was used for cation exchange chromatography, when the eluent salt concentration was 0.25 M sodium chloride, the activity yield of C1 esterase inhibitor was greater than 80%, and the specific activity was greater than 5 IU/mg. 【Conclusions】 Using the waste washing liquid as the raw material during the preparation of PCC, the C1 esterase inhibitor with high specific activity can be prepared through PEG precipitation and purification by Fractogel EMD SE HiCap(M) ion exchange chromatography.

Effect of Tibetan medicine E-se on insulin resistance in KK-Ay mice with spontaneous type 2 diabetes / 中国药理学通报

Aim To evaluate the effect of E-se extract on insulin resistance in KK-Ay mice with spontaneous type 2 diabetes anrl explore its mechanism.Methods Ten C57/6J mice were assigned to a normal control group.Fifty KK-Ay model mice were randomly divided into model group, positive control group ( rosiglita- zone, 2.67 mg • kg 1 ), and low- ( 0.75 g • kg 1 ) , medium- ( 1.50 g • kg 1 ) , and high-dose ( 3.00 g • kg ') E-se groups, with 10 mice in each group.All mice were measured for body weight and fasting blood glucose weekly, insulin tolerance on the 32nd day, and insulin after the last administration on the 35th day, and the insulin resistance/sensitivity indexes were calculated.The pancreas was stained by hematoxylin- eosin ( HE ).Islet cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining.Glucagon-like peptide-1 ( GLP-1 ) was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results j j Compared with the model group, the E-se groups showed reduced body weight, fasting blood glucose, serum insulin concentration, and insulin resistance in¬dex, elevated insulin sensitivity index, decreased le¬sion grading score of pancreatic tissues and apoptosis percentage of islet cells, and increased content of GLP- 1 protein in pancreatic tissues.Conclusions E-se ex¬tract can improve insulin resistance by reducing serum insulin level, inhibiting islet cell apoptosis, and in¬creasing the sensitivity of the body to insulin.

Caracterização atual da objeção de consciência: proposta crítica e renovada / Current characterization of conscientious objection: a critical and renewed proposal / Caracterización actual de la objeción de conciencia: propuesta crítica y renovada

Resumo O artigo caracteriza a "objeção de consciência" - cercada por controvérsias e marcada pela ausência de definição unificada - e os limites de seu exercício. O objetivo da pesquisa, baseada na abordagem de revisão crítica de literatura, é propor uma definição para o termo. Para isso, identificaram-se situações em que a objeção de consciência é erroneamente invocada ou serve de pretexto para comportamentos antiéticos, e se procurou estabelecer os elementos que verdadeiramente compõem tal objeção. O conceito proposto pretende contribuir para esclarecer o assunto e estabelecer limites justos ao exercício ético desse direito.

Abstract This article characterizes "conscientious objection" - surrounded by controversies and marked by the absence of a unified definition - and the limits of its exercise. From a critical literature review approach, the objective is to propose a definition for the term. For such, situations where conscientious objection is wrongly invoked or serves as a pretext for unethical behavior were identified, and an attempt to establish the elements that truly compose such objection was made. The proposed concept intends to contribute to clarifying the matter and establishing fair limits to the ethical exercise of this right.

Resumen El artículo caracteriza la "objeción de conciencia", rodeada de controversias y marcada por la ausencia de una definición unificada, y los límites de su ejercicio. El objetivo de la investigación, basada en el enfoque de la revisión crítica de la literatura, es proponer una definición para el término. Para ello, se identificaron situaciones en las que la objeción de conciencia se invoca erróneamente o sirve de pretexto para conductas poco éticas, y se intentó establecer los elementos que verdaderamente componen dicha objeción. El concepto propuesto pretende contribuir a clarificar el tema y establecer límites justos al ejercicio ético de este derecho.

Caracterización de los pacientes infectados por VIH-SIDA en la provincia de Guantánamo / Characterization of HIV-AIDS patients in Guantanamo province

RESUMEN Introducción: el síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida es una enfermedad crónica transmisible, causado por el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana. Objetivo: caracterizar los pacientes con diagnóstico de infección por VIH/SIDA en la provincia Guantánamo en el periodo 1986-2020. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, en el Centro Provincial de Higiene, Epidemiología y Microbiología de Guantánamo. El universo de estudio fue de 1 212 pacientes. Las variables utilizadas fueron: edad actual, edad de diagnóstico, sexo, orientación sexual, estado civil, nivel escolar, fuente de pesquisa, fuente de contagio, municipio, años de evolución, año de diagnóstico, debut clínico, último recuento de CD4, última carga viral, categoría clínica, antirretroviral utilizado, estado actual del paciente. Resultados: la media de edades es de 39,8 años, se encontraron 893 pacientes en el sexo masculino. En cuanto a la orientación sexual, 582 pacientes fueron heterosexuales. En relación a la fuente contagio, 590 pacientes fueron homo-bisexuales. El municipio más afectado fue Guantánamo (n=873). Se puede afirmar que 815 pacientes habían utilizado el Lamivudine como antirretroviral, 356 pacientes poseían un recuento de linfocitos CD4 entre 499 y 200, 769 pacientes tenían una carga viral inferior a las 55 000 copias, 634 pacientes pertenecieron a la categoría clínica A. Solo 142 pacientes fallecieron por esta enfermedad. Conclusiones: los pacientes estudiados pertenecieron en su mayoría al sexo masculino, preferentemente heterosexuales. Los homo-bisexuales fueron los que constituyeron la mayor fuente de contagio. El municipio más afectado fue Guantánamo, con una alta cifra de pacientes en la categoría clínica A.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is a chronic transmissible disease caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Objective: to characterize patients diagnosed with HIV/AIDS infection in Guantanamo province during the period 1986-2020. Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out at the Provincial Center of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology in Guantanamo province. The target group studied comprised 1212 patients. The variables used were: current age, age at diagnosis, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, school level, source of investigation, source of infection, municipality, years of evolution, and year of the diagnosis, clinical onset, last CD4 count, last viral load, clinical category and antiretroviral therapy used, as well as the current status of the patient. Results: the mean age was 39,8 years, 893 patients were male. Regarding sexual orientation 582 patients were heterosexual. Concerning the source of infection, 590 patients were homo-bisexual. The most affected municipality was Guantanamo (n=873). It can be stated that 815 patients had used Lamivudine as antiretroviral therapy, 356 patients had a CD4 lymphocyte count between 499 and 200, 769 patients had a viral load lower than 55 000 copies, 634 patients belonged to the clinical category A. Only 142 patients died from this disease. Only 142 patients died as a consequence of AIDS. Conclusions: the patients studied belonged mostly to male sex, mainly heterosexuals. Homo-bisexuals were the major source of infection. The most affected municipality was Guantanamo, with a high number of patients in the clinical category A.

Validación y puntos de corte de la versión en español del Cuestionario de Edades y Etapas: Social-emocional, 2da edición (ASQ:SE-2), en un entorno ambulatorio urbano de Lima-Perú / Validation and cut-off values of the Spanish version of Ages & Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional 2nd edition (ASQ:SE-2) in an urban outpatient setting at Lima-Perú

RESUMEN Objetivos: Determinar la confiabilidad, validez y puntos de corte de la versión en español del Cuestionario de Edades y Etapas, 2da edición (del inglés Ages & Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional, 2nd Edition (ASQ: SE-2). Material y Métodos: Mediante muestreo por conveniencia se aplicaron formas del cuestionario ASQ: SE-2 a padres de niños entre 15 y 48 meses de edad. La confiabilidad se determinó por medio de la consistencia interna del coeficiente alfa ordinal (α) y la validez de contenido mediante la correlación ítem-test (r). Los puntos de corte para establecer zonas de riesgo se determinaron empleando el percentil 65 y la curva ROC. Resultados: De un total de 236 cuestionarios aplicados, el coeficiente alfa ordinal se ubicó entre aceptable y bueno (α = 0.73-0.87) para los 5 cuestionarios de intervalos de edad entre 18 y 48 meses. El índice de correlación de prueba de ítems mostró un buen poder discriminatorio para la mayoría de los ítems (r> 0.30), con la excepción de un ítem para los meses 30, 36 y 48. Nuevos puntos de corte para los intervalos de edad entre 15 y 48 meses fueron determinados. Conclusiones: La versión en español de ASQ: SE-2 aplicada a padres de niños de 15 a 48 meses de edad en un entorno ambulatorio y en un área urbana de Lima-Perú, demostró ser una herramienta confiable y válida para la vigilancia y detección de etapas del desarrollo emocional.

SUMMARY Objectives: A study was carried out to determine the reliability, validity and cut-off points of the Spanish version of Ages & Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional, 2nd Edition (ASQ:SE-2). Material and Methods: Questionnaire forms of ASQ:SE-2 between 15 to 48 months were applied to parents of children chosen by convenience sampling. Reliability was determined by the internal consistency through Ordinal alpha coefficient (α), and validity of content through Item-test correlation (r). The cut-off points to establish risk zones were determined using the 65th percentile and ROC curve. Results: Two hundred thirty-six questionnaires were applied. The Ordinal alpha coefficient reached a between acceptable to good level (α = 0.73-0.87) for all 5 age-intervals questionnaires between 18 to 48 months. The Item-test correlation index pointed a good discriminatory power for most items (r > 0.30), with the exception of one item for the months 30, 36 and 48. New cut-off points for the intervals-age between 15 - 48 months were determined. Conclusions: The Spanish version of ASQ: SE-2, applied to parents of children from 15 to 48 months of age in an outpatient setting from an urban area of Lima-Peru proved to be a reliable and valid tool for surveillance and screening of steps of social-emotional development.

Molecular study of sticky platelet syndrome using exorne sequencing / Estudio molecular del síndrome de plaqueta pegajosa mediante secuenciación del exoma

Abstract Introduction: Sticky platelet syndrome (SPS) is a prothrombotic condition characterized by increased platelet aggregation that causes arterial and venous thrombosis. Its diagnosis is reached by identifying increased aggregation using low concentrations of adenosine diphosphate and epinephrine in platelet aggregation tests. Objectives: To identify common mutations through exome sequencing in two patients from the same family diagnosed with SPS and, thus, contribute to the molecular study of this disease. Materials and methods: Descriptive study. In January 2018, exome sequencing was performed in a 10-year-old patient treated at Fundación HOMI (Bogotá D.C., Colombia), index case, and in one of his adult first-degree relatives, both with a history of thrombotic disease and diagnosed with SPS. Exome sequencing was performed at the Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (Spain) using the SureSelect Clinical Research Exome V2 software by Agilent. Results: Exome sequencing led to detect genetic variants in both cases when compared with the reference sequence. The following variant was identified in the two samples: a cytosine to thymine transition at position c.236 (NM_000174.4) of the glycoprotein (GP)Ib-IX-V complex platelet membrane receptor, which causes a heterozygous transition of the amino acid threonine to isoleucine (i.e., a transition from hydrophilic amino acid to a hydrophobic amino acid) at position p. 79 of the extracellular leucine-rich repeat domain of GPIba subunit of the (GP)Ib-IX complex, involving a conformational change of the main receptor of ligands IB alpha, which might result in platelet hyperaggregation and thrombosis. This variant has not been described in patients with SPS to date. Conclusion: The mutation identified in both samples could be related to SPS considering the importance of glycoprotein IX in platelet function.

Resumen Introducción. El síndrome de plaqueta pegajosa (SPP) es una condición protrombótica caracterizada por un incremento de la agregabilidad plaquetaria que causa trombosis arterial y venosa. Su diagnóstico se realiza al identificar el aumento de la agregabilidad utilizando bajas concentraciones de adenosín difosfato y epinefrina en pruebas de agregación plaquetaria. Objetivos. Identificar mutaciones comunes mediante secuenciación del exoma en dos pacientes de una misma familia con diagnóstico de SPP y, de esta forma, contribuir al estudio molecular de esta enfermedad. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo en el que se realizó secuenciación del exoma en un paciente de 10 años atendido en la Fundación HOMI (Bogotá, Colombia), caso índice, y en uno de sus familiares adultos en primer grado, ambos con antecedente de enfermedad trombótica y diagnosticados con SPP. La secuenciación del exoma se realizó en el Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (España) con el programa SureSelect Clinical Research Exome V2 de Agilent. Resultados. En la secuenciación del exoma se detectaron variantes genéticas en ambos casos en comparación con la secuencia de referencia. En las muestras de ambos pacientes se identificó una variante heterocigota consistente en una transición de citosina a timina en la posición c.236 (NM_000174.4) que provoca el cambio del aminoácido treonina por isoleucina en la posición p.79 del dominio extracelular repetitivo rico en leucina (subunidad GPIba del complejo de la glicoproteína Ib-IX-V) y que podría provocar el cambio conformacional del receptor principal del ligando Ib alfa, así como hiperagregación plaquetaria y trombosis. Esta variante no ha sido descrita previamente en pacientes con SPP. Conclusión. La mutación identificada en las muestras estudiadas podría estar relacionada con el SPP considerando la importancia de la glicoproteína IX en las funciones plaquetarias.

Discussion on the Monitoring Platform of Rational Use Management Indexes of Key Monitored Drugs of Medical Institutions in China / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To d iscuss the monitoring platform of rational use management indexes of key monitored drugs ，and to provide reference for improving their clinical application management. METHODS ：The method of literature research and expert demonstration was adopted ，the indexes of key monitored drugs in medical institutions were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS：Finally，Eight general indexes as the list of top 20 drugs purchased by medical institutions ，the specifications of key monitored drugs purchased ，the utilization rate of key monitored drugs of inpatient ，the proportion of key monitored drugs revenue，the increase in the cost of key monitored drugs of inpatient ，the increase in the cost of key monitored drug of single inpatient，the increase of the cost per time of key monitored drugs of inpatient ，the proportion of doctor ’s order review for key monitored drugs were defined. Four major data acquisition projects as the general information of medical institutions ，medical record homepage ，inpatient medication data ，and medical institution drug procurement data were also defined. The monitoring platform of key monitored drugs in medical institutions can provide reference for improving the management of clinical application of key monitored drugs.

Analysis of 8 566 New ADR Reports in Shandong Province / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of new adverse drug reactions （ADR）in Shandong province，so as to provide reference for the safety of drug use in the clinic. METHODS ：The data of new ADR reports were collected from Spontaneous Reporting System of Shandong ADR Monitoring Center during Oct. 2019 to Mar. 2020. Those reports were analyzed statistically in respects of report types ，reporting institution ，reporters’occupation，gender and age of patients ，drug type ，organs/ systems involved ，clinical manifestations. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：A total of 8 566 new ADR reports were screened out ， accounting for 10.81％ of the effective ADRs. Among them ，there were 7 961 new and general ADR （92.94％）and 605 new and serious ADRs （7.06％）. For the new ADR ，the reporting institutions were mainly medical institutions （98.42％），and the reporters ’ occupation were mainly doctors （78.44％）. Female （4 860 cases）was slightly more than male （3 698 cases）；most of them were 45 years old and above （70.00％），and intravenous drip （47.67％）was the main route of administration. The top five ADR suspected drugs were TCM preparations （34.50％），anti-microbials（13.75％），circulatory system drugs （11.41％），nervous system drugs （6.39％）and blood system drugs （4.81％），involving 517，91，64，53，50 types，respectively，among which Levofloxacin injection caused the most serious ADR （24 cases）. The new and general ADR mainly involved gastrointestinal system ，skin and its appendant ； their clinical manifestations were nausea ，vomiting，rash，etc. New and serious ADR mainly caused systemic damage ；their clinical manifestations were anaphylactic shock ，chest tightness and shivering ，etc. It is suggested to strengthen the ADR monitoring of TCM preparations，anti-microbials，circulatory system drugs and other drugs ，so as to ensure the safety of clinical drug use.