ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study aimed to quantify the relationship between the bone mineral density at the os calcis and the body mass composition in healthy children. METHODS: The areal bone mineral density was measured at the os calcis with peripheral dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The fat free mass, fat mass and percentage fat mass were measured using bioelectric impedance, in 237 Korean children, aged 9 to 12 years. The sexual maturity was determined by self assessment, using standardized series of the 5 Tanner stage drawings, accompanied by explanatory text. RESULTS: From multiple linear regression models, adjusted for age, sexual maturity and height, the fat free mass was found to be the best predictor of the calcaneal bone mineral density in both sexes. About 15 and 20% variabilities were found in the calcaneal bone mineral densities of the boys and girls, respectively, which can be explained by the fat free mass. After weight adjustment, the percentage fat mass was negatively associated with the calcaneal bone mineral density in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that the fat free mass, among the body compositions, is the major determinant of bone mineral density at the os calcis in Korean children aged 9 to 12 years. Obesity, defined as the percentage fat mass, is assumed to have a negative effect on the calcaneal bone density in children of the same weight.
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Absorptiometry, Photon , Body Composition , Bone Density , Calcaneus , Cross-Sectional Studies , Electric Impedance , Linear Models , Obesity , Self-Assessment , Sexual MaturationABSTRACT
Con el propósito de estudiar la obesidad en la niñez con fines pronósticos y preventivos, se investiga su influencia en el crecimiento y desarrollo utilizando métodos antropométricos. Estos métodos se interpretaron como de mayor utilidad para valorar la composición corporal según el estado nutricional que los métodos de peso para la talla, correlacionando la adiposidad (porcentaje de peso en grasa) con la estatura del niño obeso. Se estudiaron 174 niños obesos de uno y otro sexos con edades comprendidas entre 8 y 14 años, los cuales fueron seleccionados mediante un muestreo probabilístico, aleatorio simple, de zona urbana. Se tomó la talla, el peso y 5 pliegues de grasa subcutánea. El desarrollo sexual valorado según los estadios de Tanner se correspondió con la edad cronológica. La maduración ósea fue significativamente normal (p < 0,01)en 34 pacientes estudiados. Existió mayor talla en las niñas con un mayor porcentaje de peso corporal en grasa (p < 0,05); no ocurrió así en los niños, en los que no existió diferencia significativa (p < 0,28). Al realizar el test de la mediana el porcentaje de niños por arriba de la esperada (50 percentil) no fue significativo en las edades de 13-14 años; en las niñas no fue significativo en las edades de 11-12 años (nivel de significación 5 %). En lo esencial, el análisis estadístico sugiere que, en efecto, no sólo el factor de intensidad del porcentaje de peso en grasa corporal actúa de forma favorecedora de la talla en los niños obesos.
With the purpose of studying childhood obesity from the preventive and predictive viewpoints, the impact of adiposity on the growth and development of the obese child is researched using anthropometric methods. These methods were considered more useful than the weight by height methods in assessing the body composition according to the nutritional condition since they relate the adiposity (percentage of body weight composed of fat) to the obese child height. 174 male and female obese children aged 8 to 14 years were examined, who were assigned by a simple randomized probability sampling in an urban area. Height, weight and 5 subcutaneous folds were taken for the study. The assessed sexual development matched the chronological age according to Tanner stages. The bone maturation was significantly normal in 34 patients (p < 0.01). Girls with a higher percentage of body weight composed of fat (p < 0.05) were taller whereas boys did not show any significant difference (p < 0.28). When the test of median was carried out, the percentage of boys who were above the expected value (50th percentile) was not significant in 13-14 age group; neither was it significant in 11-12 years-old girls (significance level, 5 %). In the main, the statistical analysis suggests that not only the intensity factor of body weight percentage composed of fat positively affects the obese children height.
ABSTRACT
Se estudiaron 89 adolescentes entre 10 y 19 años de edad del consultorio "Los Carritos" del Policlínico Docente "Ramiro Betancourt" de Palma Soriano, con el propósito de indagar acerca de sus concepciones y comportamiento en la esfera sexual. Entre los principales hallazgos figuran que las primeras manifestaciones de actividad sexual en hembras y varones aparecieron en mayor proporción en edades anteriores a la maduración sexual; en la selección de la pareja primaron los criterios morales y aquéllos que respondieron a sus gustos, aunque existió un grupo significativo en el que se constató superficialidad en su elección; las prácticas sexuales más realizadas en el sexo masculino fueron la masturbación y el intercambio de besos y caricias y en el femenino, esta última y las manipulaciónes recíprocas en las zonas más excitables del cuerpo. Resultó interesante el hecho de que estos adolescentes tuvieran un nivel bajo de conocimiento relacionado con las enfermedades de transmisión sexual y su prevención, así como de los métodos anticonceptivos y su utilización.
89 adolescents between 10 and 19 years from "Los Carritos" family physician's office of the "Ramiro Betancourt" Teaching Polyclinic, in Palma Soriano, were studied aimed at knowing about their conceptions and behavior in the sexual sphere. Among the main findings it is the fact that the first manifestations of sexual activities in females and males appeared mostly at ages previous to sexual maturity. The moral criteria and likes predominated at the time of selecting a date. The most used sexual practices in the male sex were masturbation and the exchange of kisses and caresses. This latter and the reciprocal manipulations in the most excitable zones of the body were the most common among females. It was interesting to observe that these adolescents had a poor knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases and their prevention, as well as of the contraceptive methods and their utilization.
ABSTRACT
Con el objetivo de evaluar la repercusión del asma bronquial sobre la maduración sexual, se estudiaron en un corte transversal 180 niños asmáticos de uno y otro sexos, entre 7 y 15 años de edad, procedentes de la consulta externa del Hospital Pediátrico Docente de Centro Habana. A todos los niños se les evaluó el peso, la talla, los pliegues grasos y la maduración sexual y esquelética. Las medias de peso, talla y pliegues grasos se correspondieron con valores reportados en niños sanos. No se encontró retardo en la maduración sexual; la mayoría de los niños con estadios puberales avanzados se agruparon en los canales más altos de edad ósea.
With the aim of assessing the effects of bronchial asthma on sex maturation, a cross-sectional study was carried out in 180 asthmatic children of both sexes, between 7 and 15 years old, outpatients coming from the Educational Pediatric Hospital at Centro Habana. An evaluation was made to all the children, and it included body weight, body height, skinfold thickness, bone development and sex maturation. Means in weight, height, and skinfold thickness were correspondent with the values reported for healthy children. No retardation was found in sex maturation; most part of the children with advanced pubertal stages were gathered in the highest channels of skeletal age.
ABSTRACT
Through the sexual activity test in Drosophila melanogaster,the antistress test in mice,the influence on sexual gland development of young mice model with yang-deficiency and the Vc content of adrenal gland in rats, the kidney reinforcing and kidney-yang invigorating action of Shen'ebutin oral liquid(SBOL)was evaluated and compared with Guilinji(GLJ),a traditional tonic prescription recorded in Chinese pharmacopocia(1990 edition).The results showed that the therapeutic effects of SBOL were evident and were stronger than GLJ in some aspects.