Butyl alcohol extract of Baitouweng Decoction alleviates vulvovaginal candidiasis in mice by downregulating NLRP3 inflammasome and related signal pathways / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to explore the effect of butyl alcohol extract of Baitouweng Decoction(BAEB) on vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC) in mice and to clarify the mechanism from Toll-like receptors(TLRs)/MyD88 and Dectin-1/Syk signal pathways and NLRP3 inflammasome. To be specific, female KM mice were randomized into control group(i.g., normal saline), model group, fluco-nazole group(i.g., 20 mg·kg~(-1)), and low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose BAEB groups(i.g., 20, 40, and 80 mg·kg~(-1), respectively). VVC was induced in mice except the control group. After the modeling, administration began and lasted 7 days. The ge-neral conditions and body weight of mice were recorded every day. On the 1 st, 3 rd, 7 th, and 14 th after vaginal infection by Candida albicans, the fungal load in the vaginal lavage fluid of the mice was measured with the plate method, and the morphology of C. albicans in vaginal lavage fluid was observed based on Gram staining. After the mice were killed, vaginal tissues were subjected to hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and periodic acid-Schiff(PAS) staining for vaginal histopathological analysis. The content of cytokines in vaginal lavage fluid, such as interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), IL-6, and S100 a8, was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), and content of reactive oxygen species(ROS) in vaginal tissues by tissue ROS detection kit. The protein expression of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, Dectin-1, Syk, MyD88, TLR2, TLR4, and nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) in vaginal tissues was detected by Western blot, and the levels and distribution of NLRP3, Dectin-1, Syk, MyD88, TLR2, and TLR4 in vaginal tissues were determined with the immunohistochemical method. The results show that BAEB can improve the general conditions of VVC mice, reduce the fungal load and C. albicans hyphae in vaginal secretion, decrease ROS content in vaginal tissues and content of cytokines in vaginal lavage fluid, and down-regulate the expression of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, Dectin-1, Syk, MyD88, TLR2, TLR4, and NF-κB in vaginal tissues. The above results indicate that BAEB exerts therapeutic effect on VVC mice by down-regulating the key proteins in the TLRs/MyD88 and Dectin-1/Syk signal pathways and NLRP3 inflammasome.

A neurose como negativo da perversão: um estudo das perversões em Freud / Neurosis as negative of perversion: a study of perversions in Freud / La neurosis como negativa de la perversión: un estudio de las perversiones en Freud

Resumo Com base na afirmação freudiana de que a neurose seria o negativo da perversão, pretende-se trazer de volta ao contexto acadêmico essa entidade nosológica que paga um preço alto devido ao nome que carrega. O texto se propõe a discutir a perversão no decorrer da obra freudiana, além de desmistificar detalhes da dinâmica perversa, pouco explorada atualmente. Também são abordados os textos de Lacan, em que o psicanalista francês critica a proposta freudiana com outra expressão famosa no meio psicanalítico: a do Inconsciente a céu aberto. Realizou-se uma pesquisa minuciosa em textos nos quais as expressões freudiana e lacaniana surgem, atentando-se para a terminologia original proposta por esses autores. Isto posto e tomando como base a afirmação freudiana, verificou-se a existência de perversões negativas, constituídas por fantasias de conteúdos perversos por vezes causadoras de sintomas neuróticos, em oposição às perversões positivas - ou seja, quando essas fantasias são colocadas em prática sem a presença de sentimentos de asco, vergonha ou pudor. Buscou-se, portanto, entender a dinâmica das perversões em Freud, assim como compreender os critérios delimitadores entre traços perversos e perversões propriamente ditas que ganharam um status clínico ao decorrer de sua obra, servindo de base para o desenvolvimento das demais teorias a respeito do tema em questão.(AU)

Abstract From the Freudian claim that neurosis would be the negative of perversion, this article seeks to bring back to the academic context this nosological entity that pays such a high price because of its name. This article seeks to discuss perversion in the course of Freud's work, besides demystifying details of the perverse dynamics, little explored at present. Moreover, the texts of Lacan will be approached, from which the French psychoanalyst criticizes the Freudian proposal with another famous expression in the psychoanalytic environment: the unconscious in the open. A detailed research was conducted in texts in which the Freudian and Lacanian expressions appear, paying attention to the original terminology proposed by these authors. Having said this, and based on the Freudian assertion, negative perversions were constituted by fantasies of perverse contents, sometimes causing neurotic symptoms, as opposed to positive perversions, that is, when these fantasies are put into practice without the presence of feelings of disgust, shame or indecency. It was sought, therefore, to understand the dynamics of the perversions in Freud and understand the delimitating criteria between perverse traits and actual perversions, which gained a clinical status in the course of his work, serving as base for the development of other theories in respect theme.(AU)

Resumen Con base en la afirmación freudiana de que la neurosis sería lo negativo de la perversión, se pretende traer de vuelta al contexto académico esta entidad nosológica que tiene grandes consecuencias debido al nombre que lleva. El presente artículo intenta discutir la perversión en la obra freudiana, además de desmitificar detalles de la dinámica perversa, poco explorada actualmente. También se abordarán los textos de Lacan que hace críticas a la propuesta freudiana mediante otra expresión famosa en el medio psicoanalítico: la del Inconsciente a cielo abierto. Se realizó una investigación minuciosa en textos de ambos autores en que aparece la expresión, atentándose a la terminología original propuesta por ellos. Dicho esto, y con base en la afirmación freudiana, se encontraron perversiones negativas, constituidas por fantasías de contenido perverso por veces causando síntomas neuróticos, en contraposición a perversiones positivas, es decir, cuando estas fantasías se ponen en práctica sin la presencia de sentimientos de disgusto, vergüenza o pudor. Se buscó entender la dinámica de las perversiones en Freud, así como comprender los criterios delimitadores entre trazos perversos y perversiones propiamente dichas, que ganaron un status clínico en el curso de su obra, sirviendo de base para el desarrollo de otras teorías al respecto del tema en cuestión.(AU)

'A Queda do Céu': reflexões junguianas sobre o alerta xamânico de Davi Kopenawa / 'La caída del cielo': reflexiones junguianas sobre la alerta chamánica por Davi Kopenawa / 'The Falling Sky': Jungian reflections on the shamanic alert by Davi Kopenawa

Neste artigo serão apresentadas algumas considerações junguianas sobre a narrativa etnográfica intitulada "A Queda do Céu", buscando demonstrar, por meio de uma análise comparativo-reflexiva, perspectivas em comum entre a visão do xamã Yanomami, Davi Kopenawa e as ideias do Psiquiatra suíço, Carl Gustav Jung. Para tal, será necessário apresentar alguns princípios da crítica indígena sobre o modo de relação das sociedades tecnológicas com a natureza - marcada pela exploração dos recursos naturais e desrespeito à cultura indígena. Refletir sobre os pontos em comum entre esta visão nativa, descrita na obra em questão e a Psicologia Complexa, sobretudo pelo viés ao qual Jung denominou arquétipo psicóide, em que a relação corpo-mente-mundo encontra-se em ressonância e em íntima relação de interdependência. Sendo assim, o objetivo central deste trabalho é elaborar um diálogo entre o pensar mítico e a teoria junguiana, no sentido de observar de que modo ambas perspectivas apontam conexões intrínsecas entre natureza e cultura. ■

This study brings some Jungian considerations on the ethnographic narrative entitled "The Falling Sky" that will be presented seeking to demonstrate through a comparative-reflective analysis of similarities between the views of the Yanomami shaman, Davi Kopenawa and the ideas of the Swiss Psychiatrist, Carl Gustav Jung. To this end, it is necessary to present some points of indigenous criticism about the way in which technological societies relate to nature - marked by the exploitation of natural resources and disrespect for indigenous culture, reflecting on the similarities between this native view, described in this study and in Complex Psychology, mainly due to the bias Jung called the psychoid archetype, in which the body-mind-world relationship is in resonance and in an intimate interdependent relationship. Thus, the main objective of this study is to elaborate a dialogue between original thinking and Jungian thinking, in the sense of observing how both perspectives point to intrinsic connections between nature and culture. ■

En este artículo se presentarán algunas consideraciones junguianas sobre la narrativa etnográfica titulada "La caída del cielo", buscando demostrar a través de un análisis comparativo-reflexivo perspectivas en común entre la visión del chamán Yanomami, Davi Kopenawa y las ideas del psiquiatra suizo Carl Gustav Jung. Para ello, será necesario presentar algunos principios de la crítica indígena sobre la forma en que las sociedades tecnológicas se relacionan con la naturaleza, marcada por la explotación de los recursos naturales y la falta de respeto a la cultura indígena. Reflexionar sobre los puntos en común entre esta visión nativa, descrita en la obra en cuestión y la Psicología Compleja, especialmente debido al sesgo que Jung denominó arquetipo psicoide, en el que la relación cuerpo-mente-mundo está en resonancia y en una íntima relación de interdependencia. Por lo tanto, el principal objetivo de este trabajo es elaborar un diálogo entre el pensamiento mítico y la teoría junguiana, con el fin de observar cómo ambas perspectivas apuntan a conexiones intrínsecas entre naturaleza y cultura. ■

Starry sky appearance of tuberculoma

CNS tuberculosis accounts for only 10% of all cases of tuberculosis, carries a high mortality and morbidity. Tuberculoma of the brain is an important clinical entity. The main challenge in the management of brain tuberculoma is its diagnosis. Hereby, referring case of a 12 years old male child who presented with clinical picture of tuberculosis but radiologically NCC, hence posing a diagnostic dilemma as clinically it was in the favor of tuberculosis whereas radiologically inclination was towards neurocysticercosis. Based on clinical manifestations it was suggestive of meningitis, CSF picture was suggestive of hypoglycorrhachia. CT chest showed miliary pattern and neuroimaging showing multiple ring enhancing lesions. High index of clinical suspicion is required to make a diagnosis and evaluation with reports.

Comparison of Two Specimen-Collection and Microscopy Methods for the Rapid Laboratory Diagnosis of Seborrheic Dermatitis- A Pilot Study

Malassezia spp. causes seborrheic dermatitis. For laboratory diagnosis, skin scrapings are collected and mounted in potassium hydroxide (KOH) for microscopy and processed for culture. Obtaining scrapings has disadvantages and KOH lacks colour contrast making interpretation difficult. This pilot study compared the results of specimen collection by cellophane tape method with scraping method. It also compared microscopy using Chicago Sky Blue 6B (CSB) stain plus KOH with the conventional method using KOH alone.METHODSSkin specimens were collected from the affected sites of 80 patients by scraping and cellophane tape. Specimens were subjected to KOH examination, KOH plus CSB stain, and culture for the presence of Malassezia spp.RESULTSA total of 160 specimens were collected from 80 patients for microscopy. Of 160 specimens, each was subjected to KOH and CSB plus KOH, 145 (91%) demonstrated Malassezia spp. by CSB plus KOH and 124 (77.5%) by KOH alone (p= 0.001). Cellophane tape method yielded 141 (88%) positive results compared to 128 (80%) by skin scraping (p=0.047). The odds of detecting Malassezia spp. was 4.4 times greater when the specimen was collected by cellophane tape and subjected to microscopy with CSB and KOH than when it was collected by scraping and examined microscopically with KOH alone (p= 0.002).CONCLUSIONSCellophane tape is a convenient method for specimen collection. CSB stain provides colour contrast and enables easy identification of fungal elements.

Approaches to the preparation of the oral cavity for prosthetics using computer simulation: An analysis of domestic and foreign experience / 国际药学研究杂志

The article analyzes domestic and foreign experience in planning the preparation of oral cavity for prosthetics. Recently, thanks to the development of computer technology, the possibility of virtual 3D-modeling of the prosthesis design and its further prototyping has appeared [1; 2; 5]. Digital treatment planning, based on three-dimensional imaging procedures, allows you to plan therapy with absolute precision and makes the outcome of treatment exactly predictable. Analysis of domestic experience shows that one of the most common in the practice of orthopedic dentistry is the program Blue Sky Plan. Patterns made in the program are easily exported to STL files and do not require additional processing. The program contains a wide range of implant systems. In foreign practice, guided surgery from DENTSPLY Implants is very popular, which offers a comprehensive solution for digital treatment planning and placement of implants based on SIMPLANT software templates.

Starry sky appearance in Neurocysticercosis

Endemic in India, Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is perhaps one of the oldest known and perhaps the most common parasitic infections of the human nervous system. It is a major cause of epilepsy and neurological disease in many developing countries. In 2015, the WHO Food borne Disease Burden Epidemiology Reference Group identified T. solium as a leading cause of deaths from food-borne diseases, resulting in a considerable total of 2.8 million disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). T. solium cysticercosis was added by WHO to the list of major neglected tropical diseases in 2010. The diagnosis is imaging based which shows characteristic “starry sky” appearance in heavy infestation cases.

Femtosecond laser-assisted keratoplasty combined with cataract extraction in a patient with keratoconus and oculocutaneous albinism.

In this study, we present a case of a 58‑year‑old male patient with oculocutaneous albinism, keratoconus, total cataract, and glaucoma originating from father‑daughter incest. He underwent femtosecond laser‑assisted keratoplasty with “open‑sky” cataract extraction and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. One week after surgery his uncorrected visual acuity improved from hand motion to 20/200. Six months later corneal K values were 49.1 D in the flat and 50.0 D in the steep meridian. The graft had a central corneal thickness of 488 μm and was well fitted. The patient’s quality of life improved substantially due to the surgery. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the association of albinism with advanced keratoconus, total cataract, and glaucoma. Moreover, no previous report on femtosecond laser‑assisted keratoplasty using VisuMax femtosecond laser system with “open‑sky” cataract extraction is available in the literature. The VisuMax femtosecond laser‑assisted keratoplasty ensures fast patient rehabilitation in such challenging cases.

Antinociceptive effects of Chicago sky blue 6B:a vesicular glutamate transporters inhibitor / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of inhibiting vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUT) on pain behaviors in animals. Methods The latency in hot plate test, number of writhes in acetic acid and licking time in formeldehyde solution (formalin) tests were recorded to determine the analgesic effect of Chicago sky blue 6B (CSB6B), a selective VGLUT inhibitor. Results Intraperitoneal administration of CSB6B did not affect the acute thermal pain responses in hot plate test. In acetic acid writhing, compared with control group (26.50 ±2.97), CSB6B (2.5 mg/kg, ip) significantly attenuated the acetic acid-induced writhing (8.22±1.90) 30 min after administration (P<0.01);CSB6B (2.5 mg/kg, ip) significantly reduced the acetic acid-induced writhing(9.60±1.84) 60 min after administration(P<0.01). In Formalin test, compared with control group(139.40±21.02), CSB6B (0.5 mg/kg, ip) significantly reduced the licking time(75.10±19.45) 30 min after administration(P<0.05) during the second phase, but not during the first phases. CSB6B(ip) did not affect the licking time 2 h after administration during the first and second phases. Conclusion Inhibition of VGLUTs activity is sufficient to attenuate the inflammatory pain and this finding suggests that VGLUT participate in regulation of inflammatory pain and be a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of pain.

A research on the methods of establishing both domestic and foreign standards of physician qualification examination / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Since the examination of doctor's qualifications came into effect, methods that are set by standard to judge whether one passes the examination or not were in dispute all the while. This article is going to introduce four kinds of methods (Angoff method、Modified Angoff method、Nedelsky method、Borderline group method) which are commonly used at home and abroad. Summarizing their advantages, disadvantages and the usage in the process of standards setting in various countries, we aim to provide reference for setting cutoff score of the examination of doctor's qualifications in China.

Antinociceptive effects of chicago sky blue 6B: A vesicular glutamate transporters inhibitor / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of inhibiting vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUT) on pain behaviors in animals. Methods The latency in hot plate test, number of writhes in acetic acid and licking time in formeldehyde solution (formalin) tests were recorded to determine the analgesic effect of Chicago sky blue 6B (CSB6B), a selective VGLUT inhibitor. Results Intraperitoneal administration of CSB6B did not affect the acute thermal pain responses in hot plate test. In acetic acid writhing, compared with control group (26.50±2.97), CSB6B (2.5 mg/kg, ip) significantly attenuated the acetic acid-induced writhing (8.22±1.90) 30 min after administration (P<0.01); CSB6B (2.5 mg/kg, ip) significantly reduced the acetic acid-induced writhing (9.60±1.84) 60 min after administration (P<0.01). In Formalin test, compared with control group(139.40±21.02), CSB6B 0.5 mg/kg, ip) significantly reduced the licking time 75.10±19.45) 30 min after administration P<0.05) during the second phase, but not during the first phases. CSB6B(p) did not affect the licking time 2 h after administration during the first and second phases. Conclusion Inhibition of VGLUTs activity is sufficient to attenuate the inflammatory pain and this finding suggests that VGLUT participate in regulation of inflammatory pain and be a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of pain.

Maxillary crestal bone loss around bredent sky blue implants: one year study

Objective: To analyze the amount of crestal bone loss of the mandible around implants of different diameters one year after implantation. Material and Methods: The study included a total of 42 male and female patients. A total of 73 implants were evaluated (12 implants of diameter 3.5 x 10 mm and 61 implants of diameter 4.0 x 8 mm). Dental panoramic radiographs were made before surgery, immediately after surgery and one year later. The measurements were performed using Kodak dental software 6.11.7.0 after implantation and one year later. The data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS v.17 software package (descriptive statistics, paired samples t-test). Results: Among male patients, 43.5% were smokers, while among females, 57.9% were nonsmokers. Crestal bone resorption was greater mesially than distally, although differences were not statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: All implants showed successful tissue integration. Crestal bone resorption was greater mesially than distally, although differences were not statistically significant...

Treatment effect of balloon kyphoplasty and Sky expander kyphoplasty on vertebral compression fracture: A Meta- analysis / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the treatment effect of balloon kyphoplasty (Pkp) and Sky expander kyphoplasty (Sky) on vertebral compression fracture, and provide a theoretical basis for clinical application. Methods The database of Ovid medline, PubMed, Web of science, EMbase and CNKI from Jan. 1995 to Oct. 2012 were retrieved with computer, and relevant journals were manually retrieved, for the collection of the literature of therapeutic studies on treatment of vertebral compression fracture with Pkp and Sky method. The literature collected was then selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and analyzed by Metaanalysis software RevMan 5.0.25. Results A total of 4 papers were selected based on that criterion, including 146 cases of Pkp group and 83 cases of Sky group. Random effect model analysis showed no significant difference existed between the two groups regarding postoperative anterior height and column height of vertebral body, Cobb angle and pain relieve (SMD=0.50, 95%CI -0.27-1.27; SMD=0.33, 95%CI -0.11-0.77; SMD=0.46, 95%CI -0.74-1.66; SMD=-0.09, 95%CI -0.37-0.18). However, the subgroup analysis showed the effect of Sky was better than that of Pkp on restoring anterior height and column height of vertebral body and Cobb angle. Conclusion No significant difference was found regarding the treatment effect between Pkp and Sky method in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture, but the clinical effect of Sky was better because of fewer complications and lower medical cost.

Effect of SKy bone expander system by percutaneous osteoplasty in treatment calcaneal fracture / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the clinical effect of percutaneous osteoplasty with SKy bone expander system in the treatment of calcaneal fracture.Methods 63 feet of 55 patients with calcaneal fractures were involved in this study.According to Sanders fracture classification including 38 feet of Sanders Ⅱ,18 feet of Sanders Ⅲ,7 feet of Sanders Ⅳ.There were 6 to 16 days interval between the injuries and the surgeries.The patients were treated by percutaneous osteoplasty with the SKy bone expander system.The standard of operation was the satisfaction of reduction and Bohler's and Gissane's angles under X-ray.Results All of 63 feet of 55 patients were followed up for average 22 months.According to the criterion of therapeutic effect,the results were as follows:excellent in 30 cases,good in 26 cases,fair in 7cases,and no poor case.The excellent and good rate was 88.9％.Conclusion Percutaneous osteoplasty with SKy bone expander system in the treatment of calcaneal fracture,especially in reduction and fixation of Sanders type Ⅱ and Sanders type Ⅲ,can recover Bohler's and Gissane's angles,significantly shorten the duration of illness,and has fast recovery and can possess satisfactory curative effect,and it is worth popularizing.

Diagnóstico citogenético de pacientes com retardo mental idiopático / Cytogenetic diagnosis of patients with idiopathic mental retardation

O retardo mental é uma condição presente em 2 por cento a 3 por cento da população e mais da metade dos casos ainda são considerados idiopáticos. Sua etiologia é heterogênea e as anomalias cromossômicas têm importante contribuição. A aplicação de técnicas de citogenética clássica e de citogenética molecular tem permitido o diagnóstico preciso em muitos casos, proporcionando melhor acompanhamento clínico e aconselhamento genético. Este trabalho tem como objetivo informar sobre os principais exames atualmente disponíveis para a investigação de rearranjos cromossômicos em pacientes com retardo mental idiopático, incluindo cariótipo com bandeamento G, hibridação in situ fluorescente (FISH), cariotipagem espectral (SKY), amplificação de múltiplas sondas dependente de ligação (MLPA) e hibridação genômica comparativa em array (array-CGH).

Mental retardation is a condition that affects 2 percent-3 percent of the population and more than half of the cases are still deemed idiopathic. Its etiology is heterogeneous and chromosome abnormalities play a significant role. The application of classical cytogenetic and molecular cytogenetic techniques has enabled accurate diagnosis in several cases, which allows better clinical monitoring and genetic counseling. This paper aims at informing about the major tests currently available to investigate chromosome abnormalities in patients with idiopathic mental retardation, including GTG-banded karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), spectral karyotyping (SKY), multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and array-comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH).

Clinical efficacy of Sky Bone Expander System in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral body compression fractures in the elderly / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of Sky Bone Expander System in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral body compression fractures in the elderly.MethodsTwenty-five cases (26 vertabrals)with osteoporotic vertebral body compression fractures were treated by Sky Bone Expander System.ResultsAll the 25 cases completed the surgery successfully,with an average operation duration of 35 min (range:30 -60 min).We injected 2.7 -4.5 ml bone cement to each vertebrae with an average of 3.5 ml.No blood vessels and nerves damage or other complications were found.The height of vertebral was restored.ConclusionSky Bone Expander System could effectively treat osteoporotic vertebral body compression fractures in the elderly.The height of vertebral could rebound and kyphosis could be improved.Furthermore,Sky Bone Expander System could relieve pain and reduce the leakage of bone cement

Exploration of the choice to the Home-environment / 国际中医中药杂志

Congenital Xun-hexagram representing the individual's respiratory gateway at the embryo stage comes from Acquired Kun-hexagram representing the parent thus the health preserving from the home-environment can be deduced Accordingly. The back wall erected, Hill-orientation of the house established; capped already, Floor-disc' Center-palace of the house generated; the family members entered, Sky-disc' Center-palace of the house located; the stove fire started, the Destiny of Earth of the house just when operated.

Controle genético das células-tronco humanas cultivadas / Genetic control of cultivated human stem cells

As células-tronco apresentam uma alta capacidade de autorregeneração, assim como, um potencial de diferenciação em uma variedade de tipos celulares. Estas células podem ser classificadas como embrionárias e adultas. Apesar de apresentar propriedades de células-tronco, as mesenquimais apresentam um certo grau de dificuldade no estabelecimento das culturas, podendo induzir a perda da expressão da enzima responsável pela imortalização ou enzima telomerase. A enzima telomerase é considerada um relógio biológico, um indicador que a senescência celular irá se instalar inevitavelmente. A questão mais atual e intrigante dos pesquisadores é se o suposto potencial de divisão, por um determinado período de tempo, das células-tronco cultivadas poderia levar ao acúmulo de alterações genéticas e epigenéticas, resultando em um processo neoplásico. Daí a importância do papel da citogenética humana no controle e monitoramento das células-tronco cultivadas que serão utilizadas na terapia em seres humanos. Alterações cromossômicas estruturais, tais como deleções, translocações e inversões, representam um mecanismo importante pelo qual as células cancerígenas desenvolvem-se gradualmente, uma vez que estas alterações cromossômicas podem levar a uma expressão anormal de muitos genes, podendo desencadear assim o processo neoplásico.

Stem cells have a high capacity of self-regeneration, as well as a potential to differentiate into several cell types. These cells can be classified as embryonic or adult. In spite of having inherent properties of stem cells, mesenchymal cells show a certain degree of difficulty to establish cultures. This might induce a loss of the expression of the telomerase enzyme which is considered to be a biological clock or an indicator of the senescence of the cells. The most current and intriguing question for researchers is whether the presumed division potential of cultivated stem cells, over a period of time could result in an accumulation of genetic alterations and consequently, in a neoplastic process. For this reason, cytogenetic techniques are very important to guarantee the control and safety of cultivated stem cells to be used in human therapy. Structural chromosomal alterations, such as for example, deletions, translocations and inversions represent an important mechanism by which cells might gradually transform in a neoplastic process. Thus, these chromosomal alterations could result in an abnormal expression of the genes and lead to cancer.

Experience in Treating Sequelae Neuralgia of Herpes Zoster / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective] To explore the best method for sequelae neuralgia of herpes zoster.[Method] Randomly divide the said patients into groups treated with external application of Chinese drugs and sky moxibustion,make observation and comparison between them.[Result] Both got high late curative effect,however most patients in the sky moxibustion group were cured without recurrence,the pain relieving rate was high once being cured,the reduce of pain index was apparent after treatment,which was of statistical meaning compared with drug application group.[Conclusion] The sky moxibustion method combines drugs and moxibustion well and has marked advantages in treating herpes zoster,worth of promotion and application.

Contrast study between balloon and SKY dilatation of kyphoplasty / 中国矫形外科杂志

[Objective]To compare the difference of percutaneous kyphoplasty in treating osteoporosis compression fractures using the Sky Bone Expander system and the Balloon Bone Expander system,and evaluate its clinical efficacy.[Method]From October 2005 to October 2007,19 patients of osteoporosis compression fractures with intact posterior vertebral body were performed.Nineteen patients were infated while 9 as group A were balloon group and 10 as group B were SKY group,fracture reduction and bone cement augmentation were applied.Preoperative and postoperative symptom levels,variables,complications were recorded and the vertebral height,Cobb′s angle and VAS score were measured and analyzed.[Result]Pain in all patients was alleviated or disappeared without syndrome,and the vertebral height,Cobb′s angle and VAS score of both groups were improved.The contrast between preoperative and postoperative showed obvious differences(P0.05).[Conclusion]Kyphoplasty can provide early relief of pain and improve the function as well as spinal alignment in treating osteoporotic compression fractures owing to recovering the verteberal height and Cobb′s angle of the vertebral body.Balloon inflated kyphoplasty can improve osteoporolic compression fractures as SKY.