Efficacy and safety of smiltiorrhizadepsidesal combined with conventional western medicine treatment for stable angina pectoris / 中国中药杂志

In recent years, Chinese patent medicines such as smiltiorrhizadepsidesal(SMDS) injection are combined with western medicine to achieve good clinical efficacy for stable angina pectoris(SAP). SMDS is prepared by the water-soluble active ingredients extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, with the functions of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis and activating blood vessels, and it is used to treat type ⅠSAP and type ⅡSAP. The efficacy and safety of SMDS combined with simple routine western medicine for SAP were investigated by searching PubMed, EMbase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data and CBM Database. SMDS combined with conventional western medicine treatment showed better efficacy for SAP as compared with western medicine alone, and better than other traditional Chinese medicines(such as Danshen injection and compound Danshen injection) combined with conventional western medicine. It was found that SMDS had a positive role in reducing blood viscosity, atherosclerosis, and improving microcirculation. The reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of SMDS combined with conventional western medicine therapy in clinical research were basically the same with ADRs reported by spontaneous reporting system(SRS) warning signals. Overall, SMDS combined with conventional western medicine had low incidence of ADR and no serious ADR occurred for SAP treatment in clinical trials. Currently, some drugs related to cardiovascular diseases such as ascinepazidemaleate injection, sodium succinate, propafenone hydrochloride and papaverine hydrochloride injection combined with SMDS have incompatibility, which should be highly emphasized in clinical use.

The variance of HSP70 in cardiac cells of SMDS victims / 中国法医学杂志

Objective This article aims to explore the role of HSP70 in the developing mechanism of SMDS(sudden manhood death syndrome,SMDS)and to investigate the value of it in the early diagnosis of SMDS.Methods By way of immunohistochemieal staining of left,right ventricular musles,sino atrial node and atrioventricular node from 30 cases of SMDS group and 20 cases of control group,we observed and measured the expression of HSP70 and its variance of intensity with graphical analysis software.Results Compared with the control group cases,in cardiac conduction system tissue of SMDS victims.we saw an obviously higher expression and intensity of HSP70(P<0.05).Conclusion As a kind of mediator in stress reaction,HSP70 is involved in the process of protecting the heart from impairment in SMDS,and it can be considerated as a reference index to identify the SMDS.

Gastric ulcers in pigs affected with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome / Úlceras gástricas em suínos afetados pela síndrome multissistêmica do definhamento

Samples of gastric lymph nodes and the stomachs from 24 pigs selected from herds affected by postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) and sudden death associated with gastric ulcers were studied. Pigs were selected on the basis of unthriftiness, decreased feed intake, and wasting. The stomachs were opened, inverted, and classified into 0-3 score according the severity of the gross lesions present in pars oesophagica (non-glandulargastric mucosa). Selected samples were processed for paraffin embedding and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Immunohistochemistry using anti-PCV2 (porcine circovírus type 2) antibody, anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody and a wide-spectrum anti-cytokeratin antibody was performed. Gross changes in pars oesophagea were classified according to the severity of lesions as score 3, 2, and 1 in 8, 6, 5 stomachs respectivelly. Microscopically, hyperplastic lymphoid follicles, lymphohistiocytic inflammatory infiltrates and focci of necrosis in the gastric mucosa were common findings. Large amounts of PCV2 antigen were observed in the cytoplasm and nuclei from intralesional cells and debris from the gastric glandular mucosal zone; however, in the fundus, anti-PCV2 immunostaining was restricted to the surface mucosal cells and foveolar compartment. All gastric lymph nodes were positive for PCV2 antigen. Anti-H. pylori immunostaining was seen in eleven cases, mainly in the antrum, on the mucosal surface and foveolar compartment. The association of the anti-PCV2 immunostaining with the glandular mucus-producing cells suggests a role for PCV2 as an additional factor for the swine ulcer development.(AU)

Amostras de linfonodos gástricos e os estômagos de 24 leitões selecionados de rebanhos afetados pela síndrome multissistêmica do definhamento suíno e mortes súbitas por úlceras gástricas foram estudados. Os animais foram seleciona dos por baixa performance, baixo consumo de alimento e desnutrição. Os estômagos foram abertos, invertidos e classificados, conforme a severidade das lesões presentes na pars oesophagica (porção não-glandular da mucosa gástrica). Amostras selecionadas foram processadas por método histológico convencional para coloração de hematoxilina-eosina. Testes imuno-histoquímicos utilizando anticorpos anti-PCV2 (circovírus suíno tipo 2), anti-Helicobacter pylori e anticitoqueratina de largo espectro foram feitos. As alterações macroscópicas na pars oesophagica foram classificadas como de escore 3, 2 e 1 respectivamente em 8, 6 e 5 estômagos. Microscopicamente, foram notados folículos linfóides hiperplásicos, infiltrados linfohistiocitários e focos de necrose na mucosa gástrica. Grandes quantidades de antígeno do PCV2 foram observadas no citoplasma, núcleo e restos necróticos de células intralesionais das glândulas gástricas nas regiões do antro e cárdia; entretanto, na região do fundo, a marcação anti-PCV2 foi restrita às células da superfície mucosa e fossetas gástricas. Todos os linfonodos gástricos foram positivos para PCV2. Coloração anti-H. pylori foi identificada em 11 casos, principalmente, na superfície mucosa e fossetas gástricas no antro. A associação de antígenos PCV2 com células produtoras de muco lesadas na zona glandular gástrica sugere o envolvimento de PCV2 como um fator adicional para o desenvolvimento da úlcera gástrica suína.(AU)

Associação entre otites bacterianas e infecção pelo circovírus suíno tipo 2 (PCV2) em suínos / Association between bacterial otitis and porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) infection in pigs

Neste trabalho, foi estudada a ocorrência e a bacteriologia das otites purulentas em suínos apresentando três condições clínico-patológicas distintas: síndrome multissistêmica do definhamento dos suínos (SMDS), crescimento retardado (porém sem apresentação de sinais clínicos da SMDS) e crescimento normal. No total, foram examinados 385 animais com idade de 60-130 dias, sendo a confirmação do diagnóstico da SMDS obtida pelos sinais clínicos e achados patológicos e pela detecção de antígenos virais por imunoistoquímica. De 242 animais com a SMDS, 57 (23,5 por cento) apresentaram lesões purulentas no ouvido médio. Entre os 119 animais de baixo desenvolvimento, apenas 1 (0,7 por cento) apresentou a lesão. Não foram detectadas lesões macroscópicas no ouvido médio dos 24 animais com crescimento normal. Os agentes isolados com maior freqüência foram Arcanobacterium pyogenes (43 por cento), Streptococcus α-hemolíticos (37,2 por cento) e Pasteurella multocida (27,9 por cento) dos 86 ouvidos submetidos à bacteriologia. A alta ocorrência de lesões purulentas no ouvido médio de animais com a SMDS sugere que a infecção pelo PCV2 pode tornar o suíno mais suscetível às otites bacterianas. A ocorrência reduzida dessas lesões em suínos de baixo desenvolvimento, sem a manifestação clínica da SMDS, sugere que a otite média não representa uma causa importante de mau desempenho em leitões nas fases de crescimento e terminação. O envolvimento de A. pyogenes, Streptococcus α-hemolíticos e P. multocida na maioria das lesões apontam a importância desses organismos como agentes causais de otite média em suínos.(AU)

The occurrence and bacteriology of purulent otitis in groups of pigs affected by three different clinical conditions are described: postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), depressed growth (attrition) and normal growth (control). A total of 385 animals, 60-130 days of age, were examined. Diagnosis of PMWS was confirmed by the presence of clinical signs and pathological findings compatible with the disease, and through detection of viral antigens in tissues by immunohistochemistry. From 242 pigs with PMWS, 57 (23.5 percent) showed purulent lesions in the middle ear. Among 119 pigs with attrition, only 1 (0.7 percent) presented the lesion. In 24 control pigs, middle ear lesions were not detected. The most frequently isolated agents from the lesions were Arcanobacterium pyogenes (43 percent), á-hemolytic Streptococci (37.2 percent) and Pasteurella multocida (27.9 percent) out of 86 materials. The frequent occurrence of purulent lesions in the middle ear of PMWS affected pigs suggests that PCV2 infection may increase the susceptibility to bacterial otitis. The low occurrence of this disease in piglets with attrition suggests that otitis does not represent a significant cause for depressed growth in pigs from growing and finishing age. The isolation of A. pyogenes, á-hemolytic Streptococci and P. multocida from most of the lesions emphasizes the importance of these organisms as causal agents of otitis media in swine.(AU)

Intestinal lesions in pigs affected with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome / Lesões entéricas em suínos afetados por síndrome multissistêmica do definhamento dos suínos

Samples of mesenteric lymph nodes and intestines from 79 unthrifty 3- to 5-month-old postweaning pigs, confirmed as naturally affected with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), were studied. Pigs originated from 12 farms in southern Brazil and were selected on the basis of clinical signs and/or gross lesions suggestive of enteric disorder. Lymphohistiocytic infiltrates of varying intensity were associated with anti-porcine circovirus type 2 (anti-PCV2) immunostaining (IS) in samples of intestines and mesenteric lymph nodes from all pigs. Although most findings were similar to those described in PCV2-associated enteritis, anti-PCV2 IS in association with depletion of the goblet cell mucin stores (24 pigs), diffuse ileal villous atrophy and fusion (18 pigs), and dilatation of the lymphatic vessels (11 pigs) combined or not with lymphangitis were also observed. PCV2 antigen was immunohistochemically demonstrated in the cytoplasm and nuclei from intralesional epithelial cells, histiocytes, and endothelial-like cells in intestinal tissues. Together these findings imply an association with PCV2. The presence of co-infections by Lawsonia intracellularis, Brachyspira spp., Mycobacterium spp., Salmonella spp., rotavirus, parvovirus, coronavirus and enteric calicivirus with PCV2 in the intestinal lesions was investigated.

Amostras de linfonodos mesentéricos e intestinos de 79 leitões desmamados refugos, entre 3 e 5 meses de idade e confirmados como naturalmente afetados pela síndrome multissistêmica do definhamento foram estudadas. Os suínos eram oriundos de 12 criações no sul do país e foram selecionados em função dos sinais clínicos e/ou lesões macroscópicas sugestivos de doença entérica. Infiltrados linfoistiocíticos de intensidades variáveis foram associados com marcação positiva anti-circovirus suíno tipo 2 (anti-PCV2) em amostras de intestinos e linfonodos mesentéricos de todos os 79 animais. Embora a maioria dos achados fossem semelhantes aos descritos em enterite associada com PCV2, marcação imuno-histoquímica anti-PCV2 foi associada com depleção de células caliciformes (24 suínos), atrofia e fusão de vilosidades do íleo (18 suínos) e dilatação de vasos linfáticos (11 suínos) combinada ou não com linfangite. Antígenos de PCV2 foram demonstrados por imuno-histoquímica no citoplasma e núcleo de células epiteliais intralesionais, histiócitos e células tipo endotelial em tecidos intestinais. Em conjunto, esses resultados sugerem que as lesões estavam associadas com PCV2. A presença de co-infecções por Lawsonia intracellularis, Brachyspira spp., Mycobacterium spp., Salmonella spp., rotavírus, parvovírus, coronavírus e calicivírus entérico com PCV2 nas lesões intestinais foi investigada.

Study on the changes of actin, serum albnmin, fibronectin in cardiac cells and cardiac conducting system in cases with sudden manhood death syndrome / 中国法医学杂志

Objective To investigate the changes of actin (HHF35), serum albumin (A1), fibronectin (Fn) in cardiac cells and cardiac conducting sysytem (CCS) in order to probe into postmortem diagnosis of sudden manhood death syndrome (SMDS). Methods Immunohistochemical detections of actin, serum albumin and fibronectin (Fn) in the cardiac cells and CCS were performed by S-P method in cases with SMDS and cases died from coronary heart disease and non-cardiovascular diseases which were used as the control. Results Of the 22 cases with SMDS, 17 were found of actin-negative staining, 18 serum albumin-positive and 15 Fn-positive staining with evident pathological lesions in CCS in 8 cases. Conclusion It is suggested that SMDS is associated with early myocardial ischemia or infarction, which results in abnormality in actin, serum albumin and fibronectin (Fn) in the cardiac cells and CCS.

Dependence analysis between sudden manhood death syndrome and mutation of SCN5A / 中国法医学杂志

In resent years, the accounts about adults' sudden death without specific reason have been increased. The definition of cause of death was a hot potato to legal medical experts. With the deep - going of etiology to molecular level, clinical cardiac diseases' researches have confirmed that the arrhythmia has been resulted from a kind of " idiopathic disorder of cardiac action potential" that is related to cardiac sodium channel diseases by SCN5A mutation confirmed by using the techniques of molecular genetics. The paper reviewed the characteristic of SMDS ( Sudden Manhood Death Syndrome) in forensic science and some kinds of diseases' genotype and phenotype in clinical medicine, and hoped to acquire some revelation for further related research.