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1.
Semina cienc. biol. saude ; 43(1): 27-38, jan./jun. 2022. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1354403

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: identificar o papel da equipe de enfermagem de um centro cirúrgico quanto à aplicação da segurança do paciente. Material e Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo de caráter exploratório com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com profissionais da equipe de enfermagem atuantes no centro cirúrgico de uma instituição hospitalar privada, localizada na Serra Gaúcha, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados através de questionários formulados por 25 perguntas, que posteriormente foram armazenados em planilhas no Microsoft® Windows® Excel® 2010 em forma de tabelas para análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: considerando os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, a amostra foi composta por 24 questionários válidos. Os dados analisados evidenciaram predomínio de concordância entre os enfermeiros e os técnicos em enfermagem referente à adesão da segurança do paciente em centro cirúrgico. Conclusão: a pesquisa ressaltou as dificuldades que os profissionais relatam durante sua jornada de trabalho. Tornou-se evidente a insatisfação dos mesmos em relação ao quantitativo dos profissionais de enfermagem, que, de acordo com eles, é um número insuficiente em relação à demanda das necessidades de um processo de cuidar e de segurança do paciente.


Objective: to identify the role of the nursing team in a surgical center regarding the application of patient safety. Material and Method: this is an exploratory descriptive study with a quantitative approach, carried out with professionals of the nursing team of the surgical center of a private institution, located in the Serra Gaúcha, in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Data were collected through questionnaires formulated by 25 questions, which were later stored in Microsoft® Windows® Excel® 2010 spreadsheets in the form of tables for descriptive statistical analysis. Abstract Results: considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the sample consisted of 24 valid questionnaires. The analyzed data showed a high level of agreement between nurses and nursing technicians regarding adherence to patient safety in the operating room. Conclusion: the research highlighted the difficulties that professionals report during their workday. It became evident their dissatisfaction in relation to the number of nursing professionals, which, according to them, is an insufficient number in relation to the demand for the needs of a patient care and safety process.


Subject(s)
Humans , Surgicenters , Patient Safety , Nurse Practitioners , Nurses , Nursing, Team , Operating Rooms
2.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 91(6): 867-873, dic. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1508057

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Una Reintervención Quirúrgica No Programada (RQNP) es aquella cirugía no planificada que se rea liza durante los primeros 30 días como consecuencia de una cirugía primaria. En Chile, el análisis y la tasa de RQNP son un indicador de calidad. OBJETIVO: describir y analizar las RQNP en pediatría. PACIENTES Y MÉTODO: Estudio observacional de corte transversal. Se revisaron los registros clínicos de los pacientes pediátricos sometidos a RQNP en el Hospital Carlos Van Buren en un período de 5 años. Se analizó su incidencia, indicaciones y causas que se clasificaron en 1) causas atribuibles a la técnica quirúrgica; 2) causas relacionadas al tratamiento; 3) patología propia del paciente y 4) otras causas. Se analizó además el cumplimiento de reuniones de análisis de RQNP. RESULTADOS: Se efectuaron 23 RQNP de un total de 5.503 cirugías en 5 años (0,42%). Hubo 11 RQNP de 3.434 cirugías electivas realizadas y 12 RQNP de 2069 cirugías de urgencia realizadas (0,32% v/s 0,58% respectivamente, p = NS). Hubo 2 RQNP en los 82 recién nacidos operados en el período (2,43%, p < 0,01). En todos los casos se realizaron reuniones de análisis de RQNP. En 18 de los 23 pacientes sometidos a RQNP se encontró una causa atribuible a la técnica o planificación quirúrgica. CONCLUSIONES: Las RQNP son poco frecuentes en pediatría excepto en el período neonatal. Se da total cumplimiento a la normativa nacional de reunión de análisis luego de una RQNP que indican que las causas son mayoritariamente atribuibles a la técnica o planificación quirúrgica.


INTRODUCTION: An Unplanned Return to the Operating Room (UROR) is an unplanned surgery performed during the first 30 days as a result of primary surgery. In Chile, the analysis and the UROR rate are quality indicators. OBJECTIVE: to describe and analyze UROR in a pediatrics. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Observa tional cross-sectional study. The clinical records of pediatric patients undergoing UROR at the Hos pital Carlos Van Buren over 5 years were reviewed. The incidence, indications, and causes of UROR were analyzed. The causes of UROR were classified as 1) causes attributable to surgical technique, 2) treatment-related causes, 3) the patient pathology, and 4) other causes. In addition, the observance of the case review meetings after an UROR was analyzed. RESULTS: 23 UROR out of 5,503 surgeries were performed in 5 years, (0.42%). There were 11 UROR out of 3,434 elective surgeries and 12 UROR out of 2,069 emergency ones (0.32% v/s 0.58% respectively, p=NS). There were 2 UROR out of 82 surgeries in newborns, (2.43%, p<0.01). After every UROR, a case review meeting was held. In 18 out of the 23 patients who underwent UROR (78%), the cause was attributable to the surgical technique or planning. CONCLUSIONS: UROR is rare in pediatric surgery, except for the newborn period. Case review meetings are held after every UROR case, according to the national guidelines. The causes of UROR are mostly attributable to the surgical technique or planning.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Quality of Health Care , Reoperation/statistics & numerical data , Delivery of Health Care/standards , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies
3.
Rev. argent. cir ; 112(3): 257-265, jun. 2020. graf, tab.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1279739

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Antecedentes: la existencia de la pandemia infectocontagiosa COVID-19 puede afectar a los equipos quirúrgicos y pacientes. Objetivo: describir los cambios introducidos en la estructura y los procesos de una planta quirúrgica a fin de adaptarla a la atención segura de pacientes positivos y sospechosos, así como los resultados iniciales de su implementación. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio prospectivo, descriptivo, observacional entre el 1° de abril y el 31 de mayo de 2020. Fueron registrados los cambios estructurales y en los procesos de funciona miento adaptados a la atención de pacientes sospechosos y COVID-19 positivos, así como las activida des desarrolladas en dicha área. Resultados: se registró una disminución en el número de cirugías programadas y de urgencia en el período. Entre 173 cirugías de urgencia, hubo 17 pacientes sospechosos (9,8%) y 3 positivos (1,7%), confirmados por la prueba de PCR. No hubo pacientes con resultados ni sospechosos ni confirmados en 136 cirugías programadas. La adhesión al cumplimiento de la lista de verificación fue del 100%. No se registraron contagios entre el personal actuante. Conclusiones: los cambios implementados en la planta quirúrgica permitieron la atención adecuada de pacientes tanto sospechosos como confirmados durante el período, con completa adhesión a las recomendaciones y disminución en el riesgo de transmisión de la enfermedad para dar seguridad a los pacientes y al equipo de salud.


ABSTRACT Background: COVID-19 pandemic may affect the surgical teams and patients. Objective: The aim of this report was to describe the changes introduced in the structure and proces ses of a surgical facility for the safe care of suspected and positive COVID-19 patients, and to describe the initial results of their implementation. Material and methods: We conducted a prospective, descriptive and observational study between April 1 and May 31, 2020. The structural changes and the modifications introduced in the functioning processes within the surgical area of a university hospital adapted to the care of suspected and positi ve COVID-19 patients, and the activities developed in such area were documented. Results: There was a reduction in the number of scheduled and emergency surgeries performed du ring the study period. Of the 173 emergency surgeries, 17 (9.8%) were suspected cases and 3 (1.7%) resulted positive COVID-19 patients confirmed by PCR tests. None of the 136 patients undergoing scheduled surgeries were suspected or confirmed cases. Compliance with the checklist was 100%. There were no infections among the personnel working in the facility. Conclusions: The changes implemented in the surgical facility allowed for adequate care of suspected and confirmed COVID-19 patients during the period, with complete adherence to recommendations and reduced risk of disease transmission in order to provide safety to patients and the health care team.


Subject(s)
Operating Rooms/standards , COVID-19/prevention & control , Surgical Procedures, Operative/standards , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prospective Studies , Personal Protective Equipment/standards , Hospitals, University/standards
4.
Rev. argent. cir ; 112(3): 274-292, jun. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1279741

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: la seguridad de la colonoscopia realizada por cirujanos y el tratamiento de sus complica ciones han sido analizados aisladamente y en escasas publicaciones nacionales. Objetivos: el objetivo principal del estudio fue analizar las colonoscopias realizadas por cirujanos co lorrectales, sus complicaciones y resolución. El objetivo secundario fue comparar los resultados entre un hospital universitario y distintos centros del país dotados de cirujanos colorrectales que habían recibido entrenamiento en una residencia posbásica. Material y métodos: estudio multicéntrico, prospectivo a nivel nacional. Se incluyeron las colonosco pias realizadas entre 2011 y 2016 . Se analizaron como variables las complicaciones, edad, sexo, tipo de endoscopia, diagnóstico, tratamiento, sitio de realización y de entrenamiento del cirujano. Se ex presaron en promedios, porcentajes y rangos. El análisis estadístico consistió en el test exacto ordinal, relaciones y proporciones y exacto de Fisher. Se consideró significancia a p < 0,05. Resultados: de 24 907 procedimientos, 17 283 fueron diagnósticos y 17 202 provenían de centros del interior. Hubo 43 complicaciones (0,17%); 35 específicas: perforaciones (19), hemorragias (8), sín drome pospolipectomía (5) y técnicas (3), diagnosticadas y resueltas por el mismo equipo sin mor bimortalidad. No hubo diferencias en las complicaciones según el centro ni tipo de colonoscopia en incidencia o tratamiento. Todos los cirujanos se entrenaron en residencias de posgrado con programas de entrenamiento en colonoscopia. Conclusiones: existen similares resultados entre cirujanos provenientes de instituciones con residen cia posbásica y centros del interior al realizar colonoscopias. La colonoscopia realizada por cirujanos es un procedimiento seguro y posible de ser adquirido como competencia luego de un entrenamiento formal realizado en una residencia posbásica.


ABSTRACT Introduction: The safety of colonoscopies performed by surgeons and the management of their com plications has not been analyzed in depth in the low number of national publications. Objective: The primary endpoint of this study was to analyze the outcomes of colonoscopies perfor med by colorectal surgeons, in terms of complications. and their resolution. The secondary endpoint was to compare the results between a university hospital and different centers nationwide staffed with colorectal surgeons who had received formal training during a residency program in the surgical subspecialty. Material and methods: We conducted a multicenter, prospective and consecutive national study. The colonscopies performed between 2011 and 2016 were included. The variables analyzed included complications, age, sex, type of endoscopy, diagnosis, treatment, location were the procedure was performed and surgeon's training. The results were expressed as mean, percentage and range. The statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 24,907 procedures were performed, 17,283 corresponded to diagnostic colonosco pies and 17,202 were made in provincial centers. Forty-four complications were recorded (0.17%), of which 35 were procedure-related complications: 19 perforations, 8 bleeding events, 5 post-polypec tomy syndromes and three related with the technique; all were diagnosed and solved by the same team without morbidity and mortality. There were no differences in the incidence of complications and how they were treated according to the center or type of colonoscopy. All the surgeons received colonoscopy training during a residency program in the surgical subspecialty. Conclusions: The results obtained in colonoscopies performed by surgeons trained in institutions with residency programs in surgical subspecialties are similar t Safe colonoscopies can be performed by surgeons who have been trained in institutions with a residency program in a surgical subspecialty and with a formal training program in colonoscopy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Colonoscopy/adverse effects , Colorectal Surgery/adverse effects , Prospective Studies , Surgeons/education , Hemorrhage , Hospitals, University , Internship and Residency
5.
Belo Horizonte; s.n; 2019. 176 p. tab, ilus, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1049521

ABSTRACT

A Infecção do Sítio Cirúrgico (ISC) é considerada um dos eventos adversos (EA) mais frequentes no cenário mundial. Uma das estratégias para melhorar o cuidado com o paciente cirúrgico foi proposta pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), em 2008, pelo Programa Cirurgias Seguras Salvam Vidas com finalidade de reduzir em 25% a taxa da ISC até 2020. No entanto, a adesão às medidas de prevenção de ISC para redução das taxas de tal complicação ainda não está consolidada na prática clínica. Objetivou-se avaliar as ações de prevenção e controle da ISC adotadas na prática clínica de hospitais de grande porte do estado de Minas Gerais e propor um escore de risco para essa adesão, a fim de se obter um panorama de como as instituições de grande porte têm adotado as medidas para prevenção da ISC. Tratou-se de um estudo epidemiológico, com delineamento transversal, realizado em 30 hospitais de grande porte de Minas Gerais. Procedeu-se à coleta de dados por meio de cinco instrumentos estruturados: entrevista com o gestor do hospital, o coordenador do Serviço de Controle de Infecção Hospitalar (SCIH) e o coordenador do Centro Cirúrgico (CC), um diagnóstico situacional e uma observação de um procedimento cirúrgico no momento da visita. Os dados foram analisados no programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). As variáveis foram descritas utilizando frequências, porcentagens e medidas de tendência central. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa (COEP) da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) (CAAE: 30782614.3.00005149). Identificou-se predomínio dos hospitais na região central do estado 43,3% (13), de alta/média complexidade 60% (18), financiados por entidades filantrópicas 43,3% (13) e sem acreditação hospitalar 63,3% (19). A média de salas cirúrgicas foi de 9 (4-19), com média mensal de 721 (250-1.300) cirurgias. Observou-se que 93,3% (28) das instituições possuem um protocolo para orientar a prescrição do antibiótico profilático. A tricotomia pré-operatória foi realizada dentro da sala cirúrgica em 60% (18) das instituições, com uso de lâmina cortante em 36,7% (11) dos casos. A conferência da esterilidade dos materiais por meio de indicadores de processos na sala cirúrgica, antes da cirurgia, foi realizada em todos os hospitais. No tocante à vigilância da ISC, evidenciou-se o acompanhamento de 100% dos pacientes para a ocorrência de ISC. A divulgação das taxas de ISC para os cirurgiões ocorreu em 63,3% (19) dos hospitais. Para a composição do escore, consideraram-se variáveis reconhecidas como padrão-ouro pelos guidelines no tocante à prevenção da ISC, bem como sua adesão entre as instituições: auditoria de antibiótico profilático 86,6% (26), momento correto da administração do antibiótico no transoperatório 63,3% (19), método correto adotado para tricotomia 36,6% (11), local adequado para realização da tricotomia 23,3% (7), conferência dos materiais esterilizados 93,3% (28), ter SCIH 100% (30), realizar vigilância dos pacientes para a ISC 100% (30) e divulgação das taxas de ISC 63,3% (19). De acordo com o nível de adoção dessas medidas, foi proposto um escore de adesão dos hospitais que apontou que 3,3% (1) das instituições visitadas adotavam as medidas de prevenção e controle da ISC de forma suficiente, 83,3% (25) parcialmente e 13,3% (4) de modo deficiente, evidenciando que ainda é preciso maiores esforços para se alcançar a melhoria das práticas para o cuidado ao paciente cirúrgico conforme proposto pelo Segundo Desafio Global da OMS ­ Cirurgias Seguras Salvam Vidas.(AU)


Surgical Site Infection (SSI) is considered one of the most common adverse events (AEs) worldwide. One of the strategies to improve surgical patient care was proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2008 by the Safe Surgery Saves Lives program to reduce the rate of SSI by 25% by 2020. However, adherence to the SSI prevention measures to reduce the rates of such complication is not yet consolidated in clinical practice. Our objective was to evaluate the SSI prevention and control actions adopted in the clinical practice of large hospitals in the state of Minas Gerais and to propose a risk score for their adherence, in order to obtain an overview of how large institutions have been adopting measures to prevent SSI. This was a cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted in 30 large hospitals in Minas Gerais. Data were collected through five structured instruments: interview with the hospital manager, the coordinator of the Hospital Infection Control Service (SCIH) and the coordinator of the Surgical Center (CC), a situational diagnosis and observation of a surgical procedure at the time of the visit. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program. The variables were described using frequencies, percentages and measures of central tendency. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (COEP/UFMG) (CAAE: 30782614.3.00005149). There was a predominance of hospitals in the central region of the state 43.3% (13), high/medium complexity 60% (18), funded by philanthropic entities 43.3% (13) and without hospital accreditation 63.3% (19). The average of operating rooms was 9 (4-19), with a monthly average of 721 (250-1,300) surgeries. It was observed that 93.3% (28) of the institutions have a protocol to guide the prescription of prophylactic antibiotics. Preoperative trichotomy was performed in the operating room in 60% (18) of the institutions, using a blade/safety razor in 36.7% (11) of the cases. Sterility testing of materials by means of process indicators in the operating room prior to surgery was held in all hospitals. Concerning SSI surveillance, the follow-up of 100% of patients for the occurrence of SSI was evidenced. The disclosure of SSI rates to surgeons occurred in 63.3% (19) of hospitals. For score formulation, variables recognized as the gold standard by the guidelines regarding SSI prevention were considered, as well as adherence to them among the institutions: prophylactic antibiotic audit 86.6% (26), correct timing of antibiotic administration the trans-operative period 63.3% (19), correct method adopted for trichotomy 36.6% (11), trichotomy adequate site 23.3% (7), inspection of sterilized materials 93.3% (28), having SCIH 100% (30), performing patient surveillance for SSI events 100% (30) and disclosure of SSI rates 63.3% (19). According to the level of adoption of these measures, a hospital adherence score was proposed, which indicated that 3.3% (1) of the institutions visited adopted the SSI prevention and control measures sufficiently, 83.3% (25) adopted them partially and 13.3% (4) poorly, showing that further efforts are still needed to achieve better practices in surgical patient care as proposed by the WHO Second Global Challenge - Safe Surgery Saves Lives.(AU)


Subject(s)
Surgical Wound Infection/prevention & control , Surgicenters , Health Programs and Plans , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Patient Safety , World Health Organization , Brazil , Surveys and Questionnaires , Retrospective Studies , Academic Dissertation , Hospitals
6.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 66(4): 351-355, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-787629

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended greater attention to patient safety, particularly regarding preventable adverse events. The Safe Surgery Saves Lives (CSSV) program was released recommending the application of a surgical checklist for items on the safety of procedures. The checklist implementation reduced the hospital mortality rate in the first 30 days. In Brazil, we found no studies of anesthesiologists’ adherence to the practice of the checklist. Objective: The main objective was to develop a tool to measure the attitude of anesthesiologists and residents regarding the use of checklist in the perioperative period. Method: This was a cross-sectional study performed during the 59th CBA in BH/MG, whose participants were enrolled physicians who responded to the questionnaire with quantitative epidemiological approach. Results: From the sample of 459 participants who answered the questionnaire, 55% were male, 44.2% under 10 years of practice, and 15.5% with over 30 years of medical school completion. Seven items with 78% reliability coefficient were selected. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups of anesthesiologists who reported using the instrument in less or more than 70% of patients, indicating that the attitude questionnaire discriminates between these two groups of professionals. Conclusions: The seven items questionnaire showed adequate internal consistency and a well-defined factor structure, and can be used as a tool to measure the anesthesiologists’ perceptions about the checklist usefulness and applicability.


Resumo Introdução: A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) tem recomendado uma maior atenção com a segurança do paciente, mais especificamente em relação aos eventos adversos evitáveis. Foi lançado o programa “Cirurgia Segura Salva Vidas (CSSV)”, que recomenda a aplicação da lista de verificação cirúrgica (checklist) para a conferência de itens relacionados à segurança do procedimento. A implantação do checklist reduziu a mortalidade hospitalar nos primeiros 30 dias. No Brasil, não foram identificados estudos sobre adesão dos anestesiologistas à prática do checklist. Objetivo: Desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta para mensuração da atitude dos anestesiologistas e residentes em relação ao uso do checklist no período perioperatório. Método: Estudo transversal feito durante o 59° Congresso Brasileiro de Anestesiologia (CBA), em Belo Horizonte (MG), cujos participantes foram médicos inscritos e que responderam ao questionário com abordagem epidemiológica quantitativa. Resultados: A amostra constou de 459 participantes que responderam ao questionário, 55% do sexo masculino, 44,2% com menos de 10 anos e 15,5% acima de 30 anos de conclusão do curso médico. Foram selecionados sete itens com coeficiente de confiabilidade de 78%. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos de anestesiologistas que referiram usar o instrumento em menos ou mais de 70% dos pacientes assistidos. Isso indica que o questionário de atitudes discrimina entre esses dois grupos de profissionais. Conclusões: O questionário de sete itens mostrou adequada consistência interna e uma estrutura fatorial bem delimitada. Pode ser usado como ferramenta para medida das percepções de anestesiologistas quanto à utilidade e a aplicabilidade do checklist.


Subject(s)
Surgical Procedures, Operative/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Attitude of Health Personnel , Guideline Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Checklist/methods , Patient Safety/statistics & numerical data , World Health Organization , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results , Hospital Mortality , Checklist/statistics & numerical data , Anesthesiologists/statistics & numerical data
7.
Niterói; s.n; 2016. 107 f p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-905247

ABSTRACT

O estudo aborda como temática a Segurança do Paciente no contexto específico da Meta 4 ­ Cirurgia Segura do Ministério da Saúde, cujo enfoque baseia-se em aplicar as metas de segurança e qualidade na gerência de risco dos processos de enfermagem transoperatório em pediatria, aperfeiçoando a dinâmica da assistência à saúde da criança cujo prognóstico é cirúrgico. A pesquisa propõe como objetivo geral, elaborar tecnologias assistenciais em enfermagem para avaliação de risco perioperatório do paciente cirúrgico pediátrico. Como específicos, prima em realizar uma análise da literatura científica sobre os eventos adversos relacionados ao bloco operatório e as principais estratégias para mitigá-los; Identificar o conhecimento dos enfermeiros a respeito da segurança do paciente cirúrgico pediátrico; Discutir os resultados deste processo, frente às recomendações do Programa Nacional de Segurança do Paciente, para a elaboração do produto da pesquisa. O estudo assume um caráter exploratório e descritivo, de natureza qualitativa. As informações foram obtidas através do método de pesquisa de revisão integrativa, e entrevistas com os enfermeiros responsáveis diretos pelo cuidado em um Hospital Público Pediátrico situado na Baixada Fluminense. As mesmas seguiram um roteiro com perguntas semiestruturadas, abertas e fechadas. Os resultados foram analisados e agrupados em categorias temáticas, e sobre tudo, analíticas. A pesquisa foi submetida à apreciação do Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da Universidade Federal Fluminense/UFF, obtendo aprovação em dezembro de 2014 através do parecer consubstanciado de Nº 895.049. Resultado de Pesquisa: O bloco operatório, quando comparado às demais clínicas de uma unidade de saúde, apresenta alta taxa de incidência e/ou prevalência de erros e/ou acidentes ligados à assistência direta ao paciente. Estes eventos vão, desde a simples perturbação do fluxo operatório, sem consequências reais em potencial para o doente, até às mais graves complicações, com a produção de danos irreversíveis e/ou incapacitantes, ou mesmo, morte prematura, em detrimento de práticas assistenciais em saúde inseguras


The study discusses the Patient Safety theme in the specific context of Goal 4 - Safe Surgery from the Ministry of Health. The approach is based on applying the safety and quality goals in the risk management of the nursing processes in pediatrics, improving dynamics of health care to the child whose prognosis is surgical. The research proposes as a general objective to develop an assistive technology for evaluation of trans-operative risk of pediatric surgical patients. The specifics objectives is to perform an analysis of the scientific literature on adverse events related to the operating room and the main strategies to mitigate them; to identify the knowledge of nurses about the scenario regarding the safety of pediatric surgical patients; To discuss the results of this process, facing the recommendations of the National Program for Patient Safety ­ PNSP, to the development of the investigational product. The study takes on an exploratory and descriptive feature, of a qualitative nature. The information was obtained integrative review, through interviews with nurses, directly responsible for the care of a Pediatric Public Hospital located in the Baixada Fluminense. The interviews followed a script with open and closed semi-structured questions that were analyzed and grouped into deductive categories and themes. The research was submitted to the Ethics Committee and the Federal Fluminense University (Universidade Federal Fluminense), getting approval in December 2014 through the consolidated report No. 895,049. As expected results: The operating block, when compared to other clinics in a health unit, has a high incidence rate and prevalence of errors and / or accidents related to direct patient care. These events range from the simple disturbance of the operative flow, with no real potential consequences for the patient, to the most serious complications, with the production of irreversible and incapacitating damages, or even premature death, to the detriment of Health hazards


Subject(s)
Patient Safety , Pediatrics , Quality of Health Care , Risk Management
8.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 15(3): 523-535, set. 2012. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-653943

ABSTRACT

O estudo dos eventos adversos (EAs) cirúrgicos tem especial relevância por sua frequência, porque em parte são atribuíveis a deficiências na atenção à saúde, pelo impacto considerável sobre a saúde dos pacientes, pela repercussão econômica no gasto social e sanitário e por constituir um instrumento de avaliação da qualidade da assistência. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a incidência de EAs cirúrgicos e os fatores contributivos em hospitais do Rio de Janeiro. Esta pesquisa é um estudo de coorte retrospectivo que buscou realizar análise descritiva de dados secundários do Programa Computacional Eventos Adversos, desenvolvido para a coleta de dados da pesquisa de avaliação da ocorrência de EAs em três hospitais de ensino localizados no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A incidência de pacientes que desenvolveram EAs cirúrgicos foi de 3,5% (38 de 1.103 pacientes) (IC 95% 2,4 - 4,4) e a proporção de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia entre os pacientes com EAs cirúrgicos 5,9% (38 em 643) (IC 95% 4,1 - 7,6). A proporção de EAs cirúrgicos evitáveis foi de 68,3% (28 de 41 eventos) e a proporção de pacientes com EAs cirúrgicos evitáveis 65,8% (25 de 38 pacientes). Cerca de 1 em 5 pacientes com EA cirúrgico tiveram incapacidade permanente ou morreram. Mais de 60% dos casos foram classificados como pouco ou nada complexo e de baixo risco de ocorrer um EA relacionado ao cuidado.


A study on surgical adverse events (AE) is relevant because of the frequency of these events, because they are in part attributable to deficiencies in health care, because of their considerable impact on patient health and economic consequences on social and health expenditures, and because this study is an assessment tool for quality of care. We aimed to evaluate the incidence and the contributive factors of surgical AE in hospitals of Rio de Janeiro. This retrospective cohort study aimed to perform a descriptive analysis of secondary data obtained from the Adverse Events Computer Program, which was developed for collecting data for the assessment of AE in three teaching hospitals in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Incidence of patients with surgical AE was 3.5% (38 of 1,103 patients) (95% CI 2.4 - 4.4) and the proportion of patients submitted to surgery among patients with surgical AE was 5.9% (38 of 643) (95% CI 4.1 - 7.6). The proportion of avoidable surgical AE was 68.3% (28 of 41 events) and the proportion of patients with avoidable surgical AE was 65.8% (25 of 38 patients). One in five patients with surgical AE had a permanent disability or died. Over 60% of the cases were classified as not complex or of low complexity, and with low risk for care-related AE.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Hospitals/standards , Patient Safety , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Brazil , Cohort Studies , Incidence , Retrospective Studies , Urban Health
9.
Cir. gen ; 33(3): 156-162, jul.-sept. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-706853

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados de la aplicación de la lista de verificación quirúrgica en todos los pacientes sometidos a cirugía por nuestro equipo de trabajo. Sede: Institución médica privada. Diseño: Estudio clínico prospectivo, transversal, observacional, descriptivo. Análisis estadístico: Porcentajes como medida de resumen para variables cualitativas. Material y métodos: Se aplicó la lista de verificación quirúrgica en 60 pacientes sometidos a cirugía electiva y de urgencia en la especialidad de Cirugía General realizada por el mismo equipo quirúrgico. Se clasificaron los eventos encontrados que alteraron el flujo de la cirugía relacionados con factores ambientales, de tecnología e insumos, trabajo en equipo, entrenamiento y procedimientos y otros. Resultados: En los 60 pacientes en los que se aplicó la lista de verificación se detectaron 36 eventos que alteraron el flujo normal de la cirugía sin impactar en el paciente y, de éstos, 13 fueron cuasifallas. Las cuasifallas detectadas fueron una fuga de Sevorane y fuga de oxígeno en máquinas de anestesia, falta de una aguja de sutura en el conteo final, que se encontró en cavidad, bultos de cirugía mal esterilizados con batas húmedas, falla en engrapadora quirúrgica por mal manejo del personal, engrapadoras erróneas para procedimiento a realizar, paciente bajo bloqueo espinal al que no se le sujetaron los brazos y ocasionó contaminación del campo quirúrgico. Todos estos hechos ocasionaron una disrupción del flujo quirúrgico. Conclusión: La lista de verificación es una herramienta sumamente útil para la reducción de eventos adversos en un procedimiento quirúrgico.


Objective: To assess the results of applying the surgical checklist to all patients subjected to surgery by our surgical team. Setting: Private medical institution. Design: Clinical prospective, cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study. Statistical analysis. Percentages as summary measure for qualitative variables. Material and methods: The surgical checklist was applied to 60 patients subjected to elective and emergency surgery in the General Surgery specialty performed by the same surgical team. We analyzed the events that altered the surgical flow related to environmental, technological factors, as well as those concerning supplies, team work, training, procedures, and others. Results: In the 60 patients in whom the surgical checklist was applied, 30 events were detected that altered the normal flow of the surgery, without having an impact on the patient. Of these, 13 were quasi-failures. The detected quasi-failures were a Sevorane leak, an oxygen leak in the anesthesia machines, missing of a suture needle in the final count, which was then found in the cavity, surgery packs inadequately sterilized with moist dressings, lack of surgical stapler due to wrong handling by the personnel, wrong stapler for the procedure to be performed, patient under spinal block whose arms were not held in place and caused contamination of the surgical field. All these events caused disruption of the surgical flow. Conclusion: The surgical checklist is a very useful tool to reduce adverse events in a surgical procedure.

10.
Cir. gen ; 33(3): 175-179, jul.-sept. 2011.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-706856

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Ejemplificar la ruptura en la seguridad del paciente y el impacto sobre la salud del enfermo y sobre el costo de la atención médica secundario a oblitos. Sede: Hospital General de Zona 8 del IMSS, segundo nivel de atención. Diseño: Estudio transversal, retrospectivo, observacional, descriptivo. Análisis estadístico: Porcentajes como medida de resumen para variables cualitativas. Material y métodos: Se presentan los casos de oblito tratados durante el año de 2007. Sólo se evaluó diagnóstico y procedimiento, así como conteo de gasas y compresas de cirugía inicial. Dichos casos se presentaron antes de implementar la lista de cotejo de cirugía segura. Resultados: Se detectaron cuatro oblitos, tres correspondieron a gasa secundarios a apendicectomía, histerectomía y cesárea, respectivamente y el cuarto a una compresa, secundario a una plastía de hiato, se logró retirar el oblito en dos sin complicaciones, al retirarla en el tercero hubo perforación intestinal incidental manejada con resección intestinal y anastomosis primaria, en el cuarto se logró retirar con gran morbilidad e incapacidad laboral por más de un año. Dos pacientes cursaron con infección de sitio quirúrgico y uno tuvo dos episodios de bacteriemia. Sólo uno de los casos tuvo su cirugía inicial en el HGZ8. Es de hacer notar que en los expedientes de cirugía previa de los cuatro enfermos, la cuenta de gasas y compresas se mencionó completa. El tiempo de diagnóstico fue de 1 mes a 7 años de postoperatorio. Conclusión: El oblito es un evento adverso prevenible que causa gran morbilidad en los enfermos y aumento en el costo de la atención médica. La lista de verificación perioperatoria que incluya el conteo de gasas y compresas pre y postoperatoria es en el momento el estándar de oro para evitarlo.


Objective: To provide an example of patient safety breaching and the impact on patients health and the cost of medical care secondary to retained surgical items. Setting: Hospital General de Zona 8, IMSS, second level health care. Design: Cross-sectional, retrospective, observational, descriptive study. Statistical analysis: Percentages as summary measure for qualitative variables. Material and methods: We present four cases of retained surgical items (gossybipomas) treated during 2007. We only evaluated diagnosis and procedure, as well as counting of sponges and gauzes of the initial surgery. These cases occurred before the implementation of the surgical safety checklist. Results: We detected four gossypibomas, three corresponded to gauzes left by an appendectomy, a hysterectomy and a cesarean, respectively. The fourth corresponded to a sponge secondary to hiatal repair. The gossypibomas items were removed in two cases without complications. In the third, removal produced an incidental intestinal perforation that was managed with intestinal resection and primary anastomosis. The fourth was removed but causing great morbidity and working disability for more than one year. Two patients coursed with infection of the surgical site and one had two episodes of bacteriemia. Only one of the patients had the initial surgery performed at the HGZ8. It is worthwhile mentioning that at the initial surgery, counting of gauzes and sponges was reported to be complete. The time of diagnosis ranged from 1 month to 7 years after the initial surgery. Conclusion: A gossypiboma (retained surgical item) is a preventable adverse event that causes severe morbidity in patients and increases the cost of medical care. The surgical checklist, including that of gauzes and sponges, applied pre- and post-operatively is, at this time, the gold standard to avoid this adverse event.

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