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1.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-215270

ABSTRACT

Needle Stick Injuries caused by hypodermic needles, intravenous stylets or other sharps are an occupational hazard as these can lead to transmission of bloodborne pathogens. This study was conducted to understand the pattern of Needle Stick Injuries (NSIs) in our hospital settings.METHODSAn observational retrospective study was conducted in a 600 bedded Tertiary Care Hospital in Kishanganj, Bihar. A total of 87 NSIs were encountered during the study period from April 2018 to March 2019 using NACO guidelines. Data was entered into a computer-based spreadsheet for analysis using SPSS statistical software, version 19. The statistical tests applied included descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests to observe the association, if any.RESULTSDirect HCWs like Nursing Professionals and Doctors sustained more NSIs. Staff with >2 years of experience sustained less NSIs. Staff who received training on awareness and prevention of NSIs within the last 6 months sustained less NSIs. Introduction of engineered safety devices brought about an overall reduction in the NSI rate per 100 occupied beds from 7.83% to 6.67%, a reduction by 14.81%. This reduction in NSI rate was statistically significant (p value=0.003).CONCLUSIONSThere is a definite role of experienced staff and frequent trainings in reducing NSIs. This study brought out another very significant observation not reviewed previously in Indian settings, the use of engineered safety devices in bringing down NSIs. Certain policy recommendations at the National Level to strengthen monitoring and surveillance to safeguard HCWs from occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens is also felt.

2.
Divinópolis; s.n; 2016.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1037933

ABSTRACT

Introdução: As atividades desempenhadas pelos trabalhadores da área da saúde os expõem ariscos ocupacionais envolvendo material biológico potencialmente contaminado. Agulhas ocas, como as usadas em punção venosa ou coleta de sangue, foram consideradas como fatores de risco para a transmissão do vírus da imunodeficiência humana. Para minimizar o risco de transmissão deste patógeno e de outros que podem ser transmitidos por via sanguínea, agulhas ocas e outros objetos perfurocortantes, aos poucos foram substituídos por dispositivos seguros com controle de engenharia. O uso destes materiais associados a outras medidas, como as Precauções-Padrão e educação permanente tem sido apontado na literatura como uma medida para reduzir o número de exposições e minimizar o risco de transmissão por patógenos veiculados pelo sangue em procedimentos como a punção venosa periférica e arterial. Objetivo: Avaliar as taxas anuais de exposições percutâneas durante a punção venosa e arterial periférica, envolvendo cateter com e sem dispositivo de segurança com controle de engenharia, em um hospital público, especializado em doenças infecciosas, no período de janeiro de 2009 a dezembro de 2014...


Introduction: The activities carried out by health workers expose them to occupational risksinvolving potentially hazardous biological material. Hollow bore needles, such as those usedin venipunctures or blood sampling were considered risk factors for transmitting the humanimmunodeficiency virus. To minimize the risk of transmission for this and other bloodbornepathogens, hollow bore needles and other sharps have been slowly replaced by safe deviceswith engineering controls. The use of these materials in association with other actions, such asstandard precautions and ongoing education have been indicated by the literature as a measurethat reduces the number of exposures and minimizes risk of transmission via bloodbornepathogens in procedures such as peripheral and arterial venipunctures. Objective: To assessthe annual rate of percutaneous exposure during arterial and peripheral venipunctureprocedures in a public hospital specialized in infectious diseases between January 2009 andDecember 2014...


Subject(s)
Humans , Accidents, Occupational , Occupational Exposure , Health Personnel
3.
Psicol. soc. (Online) ; 27(2): 332-340, May-Aug/2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-746577

ABSTRACT

Este artigo visa a realizar um debate teórico por meio das análises de Michel Foucault e de Robert Castel, entre outros, a respeito dos mecanismos de segurança e das estratégias de governamentalidade neoliberal, na sociedade contemporânea. Os cursos Em defesa da sociedade, Segurança, território e população e Nascimento da Biopolítica, de Foucault, inauguraram uma discussão relevante a respeito dos racismos de Estado e de sociedade, de seus paradoxos, nas democracias, e de seus efeitos a partir da emergência do neoliberalismo norte-americano e alemão, após a II Guerra Mundial, que foram difundidos em outros países, sobretudo na década de noventa do século XX, com especificidades em cada país, mas com pontos de conexão que nos permitem traçar um diagrama da sociedade de segurança e de como ela opera por táticas de governo das condutas, também denominadas governamentalidades, por Foucault...


Este artículo tiene como objetivo hacer un debate teórico a través del análisis de Michel Foucault y Robert Castel, entre otros, en relación con los mecanismos y estrategias de la gubernamentalidad neoliberal en la sociedad contemporánea de seguridad. Cursos En defensa de la sociedad, Seguridad, territorio, población y Nacimiento de la biopolítica, Foucault, inauguraron una discusión relevante del racismo de Estado y la sociedad, sus paradojas, en las democracias, y su efecto sobre la aparición de neoliberalismo americano y alemán, después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, que se emite en otros países, especialmente en los años noventa del siglo XX, con las especificidades de cada país, pero con puntos de conexión que nos permiten dibujar un diagrama de la empresa de seguridad y su funcionamiento por las tácticas del gobierno de los conductos, también llamado governamentalidades por Foucault...


This article aims at a theoretical debate through the analysis of Michel Foucault and Robert Castel, among others, about the security mechanisms and strategies of neoliberal governmentality in contemporary society. Foucault's courses In defense of society, Security, territory and population and The Birth of Biopolitics have opened a relevant discussion about the racism of state and society, its paradoxes in democracies, and effects on the emergence of North America and Germany's neoliberalism after World War II, which was broadcast to other countries, especially in the nineties of the twentieth century, with each country's specificities, but with connection points that allow us to draw a diagram of how society security operates for the conduct of government tactics, also called governmentality by Foucault...


Subject(s)
Humans , Government , Safety Management/legislation & jurisprudence , Policy , Security Measures , State , Jurisprudence/prevention & control , Social Control Policies , Political Systems/history
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