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Abstract BACKGROUND: Chronically elevated alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2MG) in the blood has been correlated with diabetes and the HbA1c profile; however, no systematic review has been conducted to evaluate the association of A2MG salivary levels and glycemia or HbA1c levels in diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) patients. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether A2MG salivary levels are related to the glycemia or HbA1c levels in DM2 patients. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review developed at Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Brazil. METHODS: Eight databases were used as research sources. The eligibility criteria included studies that reported data regarding mean salivary A2MG and the correlation between glycemia and/or HbA1c levels of DM2 subjects (uncontrolled and well-controlled) and non-diabetic subjects. The risk of bias of the studies selected was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools for use in JBI systematic reviews. Pooled correlation coefficients were estimated using the Hunter-Schmidt method. Study estimates were weighted according to their sample size, and heterogeneity was calculated using the chi-square statistic. RESULTS: Four studies on DM2 patients were included in this systematic review after careful analysis of 1482 studies. Three studies compared A2MG with HbA1c and glycemia. Overall, the correlation between A2MG and HbA1c was strong (r = 0.838). In contrast, the correlation between A2MG and glycemia was low (r = 0.354). CONCLUSION: The strong association between HbA1C and salivary A2MG suggests that this salivary protein has the potential to be a surrogate for HbA1C, if corroboratory further evidence is obtained through large-scale studies.
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Objective: To evaluate the relationship between dental caries and levels of salivary albumin in unstimulated saliva of adults between the age group of 18 and 40 years from Chennai with varying caries experience as determined by their Decayed Missing Filled Teeth (DMFT) scores. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 60 healthy adult subjects with age group between 18 and 40 years. The healthy subjects without any chronic diseases, gingival or periodontal problems were selected. The patients were divided into four groups according to DMFT status as Group 1, DMFT 0; Group2, DMFT 1 5; Group 3, DMFT 6 10; and Group 4, as DMFT above 10. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from each subjects and the salivary albumin levels were estimated using the bromocresol green method (albumin colorimetric test). The obtained data was statistically analysed using one way ANOVA and Tukey`s Honestly Significant Difference test. Results: The mean salivary albumin levels for the groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were .086 ± .009 mg/ ml, .083 ±.006 mg/ml, .070 ± .008 mg/ml and .056 ±.009 mg/ml respectively. There was an increase in incidence of caries with decrease in salivary albumin level. There was a statistically significant difference among the groups except group 1 and 2. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the salivary albumin level and the incidence of dental caries. An increase in incidence of caries with decrease in salivary albumin levels was seen suggestive of its importance in maintenance of tooth integrity. (AU)
Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre cárie dentária e níveis de albumina salivar na saliva não estimulada de adultos entre a faixa etária de 18 e 40 anos da população de Chennai com experiência de cárie variável, conforme determinado pelos escores do índice de dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados (CPOD). Material e Métodos: O estudo foi realizado em 60 indivíduos adultos saudáveis com faixa etária entre 18 e 40 anos. Os indivíduos saudáveis sem doenças crônicas, problemas gengivais ou periodontais foram selecionados. Os pacientes foram divididos em quatro grupos de acordo com o status CPOD como Grupo 1, CPOD 0; Grupo 2, CPOD 1 5; Grupo 3, CPOD 6 10; e Grupo 4, como CPOD acima de 10. Amostras de saliva não estimuladas foram coletadas de cada indivíduo e os níveis de albumina salivar foram estimados usando o método de bromocresol verde (teste colorimétrico da albumina). Os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente usando one way ANOVA e teste de Tukey. Resultados: Os níveis médios de albumina salivar para os grupos 1, 2, 3 e 4 foram de 0,086 ± 0,009 mg / ml, 0,083 ± 0,006 mg / ml, 0,070 ± 0,008 mg / ml e 0,056 ± 0,009. mg / ml, respectivamente. Houve aumento na incidência de cárie com diminuição do nível de albumina salivar. Houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos exceto grupo 1 e 2. Conclusão: Existe uma relação significativa entre o nível de albumina salivar e a incidência de cárie dentária. Um aumento na incidência de cáries com diminuição nos níveis de albumina salivar foi visto como sugestivo de sua importância na manutenção da integridade dentária.(AU)
Subject(s)
Dental Caries , AlbuminsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Human saliva, as a vital part of the immune defense system, contains a number of distinct proteins and peptides. Recently human common salivary protein 1 (CSP1) has been identified as an abundant salivary protein and may play a role in promoting the binding of cariogenic bacteria to salivary pellicles. However, nothing else is known regarding the role of CSP1 in periodontology. The aim of this study was to quantify and compare CSP1 levels between healthy subjects and periodontal patients. METHODS: This controlled clinical study was conducted in periodontally healthy individuals and patients with chronic periodontitis Chonbuk National University Hospital, with Institutional Review Board approval. Whole saliva samples were collected from 36 healthy subjects and 33 chronic periodontitis patients and analyzed. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immune blotting were conducted to ensure that anti-CSP1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) binds to CSP1 in human saliva. A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system was house-fabricated using mAb-hCSP1#14 and mAb-hCSP1#4 as a capture and a detector mAb, respectively. The CSP1 concentrations in saliva from 36 healthy subjects and 33 periodontal patients were quantified using the CSP1 sandwich ELISA system, and the results were analyzed using the Student’s t-test. RESULTS: Immunoblot analysis using mAb-hCSP1 as a probe confirmed that CSP1 in human saliva existed as a single band with a molecular weight of approximately 27-kDa. The quantification of CSP1 concentrations by CSP1 ELISA showed that the median values (25th to 75th percentiles) of periodontal patients and healthy subjects were 9,474 ng/mL (range, 8,434–10,139 ng/mL) and 8,598 ng/mL (range, 7,421–9,877 ng/mL), respectively. The Student's t-test indicated the presence of a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (P=0.024). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of a significant difference in CSP1 levels between healthy subjects and periodontal patients suggests that CSP1 may be a potential biomarker for the detection or screening of periodontitis patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Bacteria , Chronic Periodontitis , Electrophoresis , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Ethics Committees, Research , Healthy Volunteers , Mass Screening , Molecular Weight , Peptides , Periodontitis , Saliva , SodiumABSTRACT
Objective:To observe the changes of salivary Lysozyme (LZM),immunoglobulin A (IgA),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),mean grey values (MGVs)of hard tissue of teeth and caries index(CSI)in patients after oral administration of glucocorticoid (GC).Methods:30 patients with oral administration of GC were included.The mixed saliva samples before and after 6 and 12 months of GC treatment were collected.LZMand IgA and LDH were examined.Surface layer panaorama films were taken and MGVs of hard tissue of teeth were measured.The decayed,missing and filled tooth(DMFT),decayed,missing and filled surface (DMFS), CSI were recorded.The same indexes were obtained from 30 age and gender matched healthy subjects as the control data.All statisti-cal analyses were performed using SPSS 17.0 software package.Results:After taking GC orally,the concentration of LZM,IgA and MGVs of hard tissue of teeth in the patients were lower than those in the controls(P <0.05),the LDH concentration,DMFT,DMFS and CSI in the patients were increased(P <0.05).In the patients the MGVs of hard tissue of teeth was negatively correlated with DM-FT,DMFS and CSI(P <0.01),LDH concentration was positively correlated with CSI(P <0.01),the concentration of LZMand IgA were negatively correlated with CSI(P <0.05).No change of the indexes was found in the controls.Conclusion:Oral administration of GC may increase DMFT,DMFS and CSI,decrease MGVs of hard tissue of teeth significantly reduce,the patients may be under higher risk of caries.
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Objective To select the acceptor ingredients of Streptococcus mutans protein in the whole saliva through the interaction between adhesion and saliva protein of Streptococcus mutans. Methods After activation and liquid culture of Streptococcus mutans strains of international standards, we took Su-bonding from liquid culture of bacteria secretion in the process of liquid culture by using chilled ethanol extraction. Then su-bonded components underwent electrophoresis analysis, content determination and antigen detection. We collected 15 with high carries and 15 with no carries. Two hours after eating, the whole non-irritating saliva was collected, electrophoresis samples were prepared after freeze-drying, and then stains were separated with SDSPAGE. Western blot detection was used for adhesive protein and Streptococcus mutans' antibody composition. Results The ingredients of Su-bonding secreted on the surface of Streptococcus mutans were obtained in the cultured saliva. There were at least six kinds of components in the extraction of Western blot detection, not limited to the three known kinds of proline-rich protein. Conclusion The adhesion of Streptococcus mutants can be bound with the proteins of saliva. It may be the material basis in Streptococcus mutants adhered to tooth surface.