The Effect of the Weight of a Sandbag on the Sheath Region after a Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization / 중환자간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the differences in exudate and bleeding incidence and the changes in back pain and discomfort based on the weight of a sand bag applied to the femoral puncture site after hepatic transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.METHODS: This quasi-experimental study comprised 82 patients randomly divided into three different groups. Experimental group 1 patients had a 600g sandbag, experimental group 2 patients an 800g sandbag, and control group patients a 1900g sandbag, on femoral access sites post procedure. The three groups of patients were assessed on level of exudate and bleeding and asked about back pain and discomfort at 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 minutes after the procedure.RESULTS: There were no significant differences in exudate and bleeding between the three groups before and after application of the sandbag post procedure. Both back pain and discomfort were significantly lower in the experimental groups than in the control group.CONCLUSION: There was no significant effect on bleeding and exudation due to the weight of the sandbag. The lowest level of back pain and discomfort was found in the group with the lightest weight (600 g). Therefore, the use of lighter-weight sandbags to prevent post procedure vascular complications is proposed.

An Innovative Technique for Surgical Positioning in Head and Neck Surgery

Patient positioning is a vital in ensuring patient comfort, dignity and good access to the operative site. Accurate positioning helps in minimising the risk of injury to the patient. An in-house airbag made from recyclable medical supplies can be used to replace the conventional sandbag for head and neck surgeries. It involves the use of an empty irrigation bottle, a valve and suction tubing. Its shape and volume is readily adjustable by altering the volume of inflated air. Moreover, compressible air moulds the bag to the curvature of the patient’s external surface reducing the risk of pressure sores in prolonged surgery. Ultimately this serves as an innovative technique which is financially savvy with the use of recyclable items.

A Study on Sandbag Management, vital sign, Pain and Hemorrhage after Kidney Biopsy in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome / 아동간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate correlations in vital sign changes, the severity of pain, signs of complications, and the duration of sandbag management in order to suggest a standardized practice related to sandbag management in children with Nephrotic Syndrome(NS). METHOD: From October 2000 to May 2001, seventy children with NS who underwent kidney biopsy were interviewed at one hospital in Seoul Korea, and participated in this study. RESULT: 1) The average sandbag applying time after kidney biopsy was 18.1 hours. 2) Systolic blood pressure and respiration increased until 15 minutes after kidney biopsy, after then, they decreased significantly (systolic BP, p= .006; respiration, p= .029). However, no significant changes were noted in diastolic blood pressure and pulse. 3) Pain was reported minimal for 1 hour after kidney biopsy. The severity of pain increased until 12 hours after the procedure, then, decreased significantly(p= .0001). 4) Reported complications were hematuria (74.7%) and abnormal sonogram (32.9%). No apparent bleeding on the biopsy region was reported in any children. CONCLUSION: From these findings, it is possible to change the protocols of the duration of absolute bed rest time and sandbag application management shortly after kidney biopsy. But it is needed to study the fit protocols for kidney biopsy. Several implications in nursing practice are suggested. 1) Replicated studies for more participants are needed. 2) Further research on the effect of sandbag application after kidney biopsy is required. 3) The best duration of sandbag application management after kidney biopsy need to be investigated.