ABSTRACT
This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of orthognathic surgery research from Saudi Arabia between 1994 and 2024 in the Web of Science database. The goal was to evaluate Saudi Arabia's influence in the field and implications worldwide. Relevant keywords were used without year restrictions to search for articles. Biblioshiny and VOS viewer were used to analyse and visualize the bibliometric data, including total citations, h-index, and number of papers. The results show that Saudi Arabia has significantly increased its orthognathic surgery research production over time, especially in 2021 and 2023. King Saud University and King Abdulaziz University emerged as the leading institutions in number of papers. The most cited work was an expert review on using artificial intelligence for orthodontic diagnosis and planning orthognathic surgeries. This represents meaningful progress in combining technology with orthognathic surgery. Alhammad, Alnofaie, and Al-Sebaei were identified as the most productive individual authors, each authoring around three papers. The bibliographic analysis highlights the need for increased cooperation between Saudi institutions to boost research outputs and advance the application of new technologies in orthognathic surgery. The study serves as a foundation for further developing orthognathic surgery research in Saudi Arabia, which remains one of the few developing nations showing promising potential for growth in this area.
ABSTRACT
Background: This study aimed to assess the sleep quality of family medicine physicians before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and to explore the associations between sleep quality and various demographic and health-related factors. Methods: A total of 109 family medicine physicians participated in this cross-sectional study. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was utilized to evaluate sleep quality, encompassing seven components: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction. Data were collected asking questions regarding both before and during the pandemic period. Descriptive statistics, paired-sample t-tests, and Chi-square tests were used for data analysis. Results: The study revealed significant changes in sleep quality components before and during the pandemic. While sleep latency and sleep duration improved, sleep disturbance, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction worsened during the pandemic. The overall global PSQI score indicated a decline in sleep quality during the pandemic. Females reported poorer sleep quality than males. Participants with general anxiety disorder, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension experienced worse sleep quality. Other demographic and health-related factors exhibited mixed associations with sleep quality. Conclusions: The study highlights the nuanced impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sleep quality of family medicine physicians. The observed changes in sleep quality components and their associations with various factors underscore the need for tailored interventions to address sleep disturbances among healthcare professionals. These findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of sleep quality dynamics in the context of a global crisis and emphasize the significance of promoting well-being among healthcare providers for enhanced patient care.
ABSTRACT
Background: Mental health apps are increasingly available and accessible to the public. Global research indicated variable rates of use among people with main barriers identified are cost, privacy concerns, and difficulty of use. Little is known about prevalence and barriers of use of mental health apps in Saudi Arabia. Method: Descriptive questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey of a sample of Saudi adult population. We adopted a multiple logistic regression modelling of data to evaluate the impact of potential barriers and facilitators on use of mental health apps. Results: The survey included (n= 636) participants. The prevalence of use of mental health Apps was (n = 80, 12.6%), with only (n = 32, 40%) found them useful. Younger age, females, separated marital status, students, history of mental illness, taking psychiatric medications, attending psychiatric services, seeing a psychologist (offline and online), and chatting to psychiatric patients online were all associated with unadjusted increase in use of mental health Apps. However, the adjusted impact on use of mental health Apps was significant only for those using psychiatric medications (odds ratio ”OR” = 0.1289, p = 0.0243), individuals who requested online psychology intervention (OR = 7.9866, p < 0.00001), individuals who believed in costliness of mental health Apps (OR = 2.9358, p = 0.00034) or difficulty using them (OR = 4.1875, p = 0.0002). Stigma and privacy concerns were not statistically impactful on use of mental health Apps. Conclusion: Use of mental health Apps is very low among Saudi patients. Those who use mental health apps remain skeptical of their therapeutic values and report concerns in terms of difficulty to use them and their cost-effectiveness. Design of effective, readable, safe, and cheap mental health apps should be attempted by health educators and mental health professionals.
ABSTRACT
Background: Reproductive health is a major part of a woman’s life to ensure a healthy life for both mothers and their babies. However, most women do not have the proper knowledge and awareness of that subject. Objectives were to assess the awareness of reproductive health among Saudi female university students and to determine the factors associated with the level of awareness. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted among 347 participants, using multi-stage stratified sampling. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge level of the five-major component of reproductive health. Results: The results revealed an average level of knowledge about reproductive health (49.4%) among the college students. There was a significant association between having children, mother’s working status, and father educational level, family income and participant reproductive health knowledge (p=0.02, 0.005 and 0.02) respectively. Although 77.1% of the participants had good knowledge of menstrual health and hygiene, they showed misconceptions. The knowledge about family planning, prenatal and antenatal were high 66.6% and 53.9%. The level of knowledge on sexually transmitted diseases was 58% high among students and only 40% have heard of HIV/AIDS but other diseases were less recognized. Conclusions: The knowledge of reproductive health is considered poor. Father’s education level and family income were associated with the level of a student’s knowledge. Educational session about RH is needed among students with focus on menstrual health and hygiene, antenatal care, family planning, breastfeeding, and sexually transmitted diseases.
ABSTRACT
Background: Burnout is a psychological condition that results from an excessive workload and a perfectionism-driven obsession. Prolonged exposure to these conditions can create physical symptoms, resulting in various diseases. Due to their demands and obligations, medical students and healthcare professionals are particularly at risk of burning out. The study aimed to calculate the prevalence of burnout among Saudi medical students. Methods: A total sample of 278 participants was taken. MBI was adapted and translated into Arabic in this study to find the prevalence of burnout. Data was analyzed on IBM statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS), and descriptive and chi-square tests were applied. Results: 33.4% of participants were males and 66.6% were females. Only 12.35 students were recorded to be smokers. The overall prevalence of burnout among students was 215, while 80.2% of students had low PA; in the case of emotional exhaustion, 21.2% fell to a high degree, and 28% had high degree depersonalization. Conclusions: The most common type of burnout among Saudi medical students is because of low personal accomplishment. Further studies should be conducted to understand better the problem prevailing in medical students so policies can be formed accordingly.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To explore quality management policy and procedures of the pharmacy occupational safety and health system in pharmacy practice as a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It was a narrative review of the pharmacy occupational safety and health system and quality management policy and procedures in pharmacy practice. Literature searched various databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The search period is from the 1960s until 06 December 2023. The term is in full-text English and includes Case Reports, Classical Articles, Clinical Conferences, Clinical Studies, Clinical Trials, Evaluation Studies, Government Publications, Guidelines, meta-analyses, Observational Studies, Practice Guidelines, Randomized Controlled Trials, Reviews, Systematic Reviews, with Humans subject. All hospital or community pharmacy services are included in a search term. Besides, the National and international guidelines of occupational safety and health in hospital practice. The committee of pharmacy occupational safety and health policy and procedures formulated and consisted of various expert members. That includes clinical pharmacists, occupational safety specialists, Crisis and Disaster Management, and fire safety experts. The guidelines of the policy draft by one member by the second member were reviewed and corrected. The third revision was by the occupational safety specialists. The topic emphasizes the occupational safety and health system and quality management policy and procedures. Results: The review for quality management of occupational safety and health system policy and procedures in pharmacy practice has consisted of pharmacy occupational safety and health auditing and quality management performance indicators. Besides, it discusses the techniques of conducting quality management systems for occupational safety and health programs in pharmacy practice. Conclusion: The quality management of occupational safety and health system policy and procedures in pharmacy practice demands keeping adherence to occupational safety health standards at an appropriate level, with unnecessary cost control. Besides, monitor key performance indicators of pharmacy occupational safety and health auditing system. Thus, quality management of occupational safety and health system policy and procedures is highly recommended for pharmacy career professionals worldwide.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To explore the occupational safety and health system education and training in pharmacy practice as a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It was a narrative review of occupational safety and health policy and procedures in pharmacy practice. Literature searched various databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The search period is from the 1960s until 06 December 2023. The term is in full-text English and includes Case Reports, Classical Articles, Clinical Conferences, Clinical Studies, Clinical Trials, Evaluation Studies, Government Publications, Guidelines, meta-analyses, Observational Studies, Practice Guidelines, Randomized Controlled Trials, Reviews, Systematic Reviews, with Humans subject. All hospital or community pharmacy services are included in a search term. Besides, the National and international guidelines of occupational safety and health in hospital practice. The committee of pharmacy occupational safety and health policy and procedures formulated and consisted of various expert members. That includes clinical pharmacists, occupational safety specialists, Crisis and Disaster Management, and fire safety experts. The guidelines of the policy draft by one member by the second member were reviewed and corrected. The third revision was by the occupational safety specialists. The topic emphasizes the occupational safety and health system education and training of the Pharmacy policy. Results: The pharmacy occupational safety and health Education and Training consisted of various items. That has included program objectives, admission requirements, teaching and education methodology, and occupational safety and health Education and Training steps in pharmacy practice. The occupational safety and health education and training contained five models. For instance, Fire safety at pharmacy services, Pharmacy Crisis and Disaster Management, and Pharmacy Material Safety Data Sheet. Besides, the Pharmacy Safety and Occupational Health Surveillance and Monitoring and Quality Management of occupational safety and health. Each model describes the Module description, Learning Objectives, Module Outlines, and Competency items. Conclusion: The occupational safety and health system education and training in pharmacy practice is a new initiative for pharmacy career professionals. It will improve pharmacy occupational safety and health system skills and encourage all pharmacy staff (clinical, distributive pharmacist, and pharmacy technicians) to comply with occupational safety and health system regulations in different pharmacies in various healthcare organizations. Therefore, the occupational safety and health system education and training policy and procedures are required and mandated for pharmacy services in Saudi Arabia.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To explore the activities and performances of a virtual pediatrics medication counseling clinic in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. Methods: it was a retrospective analysis of activities and performances of a virtual pediatric medicine counseling clinic operated by the pharmacist at a public pediatric and maternity hospital. The pharmacist documented all the activities, including demographic information of patients visiting the clinic, the reason for the counseling, medication requirements to be counseled, and patient counseling items based on international guidelines. The data analysis was done through SPSS version 20 and Microsoft Excel version 2021; descriptive analysis and logistic regression of factors associated with the reason for counseling. Results: The total number of patients who visited the virtual pediatric medicine clinic through 20 months was 1955, with (97.75) per month. The majority of patients were female in the year 2021, 204 (63.55%) vs. female 900 (61.19%) in 2021, compared to male 117 (36.46%) vs. males in year 2022 628 (38.81%) with non-significant differences (p=0.149). The majority of patients were diagnosed as Diabetic Miletus in both years, 145 (45.17%) vs 884 (54.47%), with statistical significance differences between two 2021 and 2022 (p=0.000). The majority of patients counseled due to high alert medication was 230 (71.65%) in 2021 vs. 1198 (73.32%) in 2022, with non-statistically significant difference between them (p=0.539), and chronic diseases such as diabetes and asthma 224 (69.78%) vs. 901 (55.14%) in the year 2021 and 2022 respectively with statistical significance differences between both years (p=0.000). Most medication counseled was Insulin Aspart in both years, 121 (21.72%) vs. 909 (31.92%), insulin Glargine 104 (18.67%) in 2021 vs. 555 (19.49%) in 2022, and Enoxaparin in both years 40 (7.18%) vs. 205 (7.20%). Conclusion: The virtual pediatric medicine counseling clinic served many patients, emphasizing pediatric chronic diseases such as Diabetes and Asthma. Future studies are highly recommended to measure the clinical and economic outcomes and patient satisfaction.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To explore the KSA-Self Assessments of Pharmacy Safety and Occupational Health as a new initiative project in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It was a narrative review of KSA-Self Assessments of Pharmacy Safety and Occupational Health. Literature searched various databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The search period is from the 1960s until 06 December 2023. The term is in full-text English and includes Case Reports, Classical Articles, Clinical Conferences, Clinical Studies, Clinical Trials, Evaluation Studies, Government Publications, Guidelines, meta-analyses, Observational Studies, Practice Guidelines, Randomized Controlled Trials, Reviews, Systematic Reviews, with Humans subject. All hospital or community pharmacy services are included in a search term. Besides, the National and international guidelines of general occupational safety and health in hospital practice. The committee of pharmacy accounting policy and procedures formulated and consisted of various expert members. That includes clinical pharmacists, occupational safety specialists, Crisis and Disaster Management, and fire safety experts. The self-assessment is based on guidelines based on occupational safety and health societies’ regulations. In addition to Institution Safe Medication Practice (ISMP) criteria and KSA-Self assessment of pain management drug safety. The policy draft by one member by the second member was reviewed and corrected. The third revision was by the occupational safety specialists. The topic emphasizes self-assessments of Pharmacy Safety and Occupational Health. Results: The KSA Self Assessments of Pharmacy Safety and Occupational Health consisted of nine items. That has included Characteristics of Pharmacy Services, Pharmacy and warehouse building, Fire Safety, Crises and Disaster Management. Besides the Medication Information, Pharmacy Safety Practice, Patient/Family Education, Pharmacy staff competency and training, and Total Quality and Risk Management. Each element had various closedended questions scored using the 5-point Likert response scale system. Conclusion: The KSA-Self Assessments of Pharmacy Safety and Occupational Health policy is a new initiative project in Saudi Arabia. The KSA-Self Assessments of Pharmacy Safety and Occupational Health policy improves the Pharmacy Safety and Occupational Health system foundations. In addition, it encourages pharmacists to adhere to Pharmacy Safety and Occupational Health regulations in different places in the public and healthcare organizations. Therefore, the KSA-Self Assessments of Pharmacy Safety and Occupational Health policy is highly recommended for pharmacy career professionals in Saudi Arabia.
ABSTRACT
Background: Students’ approaches to learning are central to the process of learning. There is strong debate about the efficiency of traditional learning programs (TLP) and integrated learning programs (ILP) in medical schools. TLP is easy for the students being passive learners and for the tutors playing the role of sage on the stage. ILP is mainly student-centered. It is essential to know the perspectives of medical school students about both programs as they used to apply TLP in the 1st year and started ILP in the 2nd year. Methods: This study adopted a quantitative research methodology. We addressed the 3rd-year medical students at the College of Medicine, University of Bisha, KSA. An online survey using Google forms was applied for data collection. The study was performed from August 2019 to June 2021. Results: Agreement with the integrated program (80.8%) exceeded the traditional (48.5%) especially in improving communication skills, dealing with new technologies, reinforcement of competencies in the research field, and to lesser extent for its suitability to be applied in medical schools nowadays, development of desired doctor skills to deal with patients and for provision of good approach for medical practice, and lastly for its suitability to identify and deal with the community needs. There was no statistical significance between the 2 programs regarding support of professionalism values. The disagreement of ILP (19.2%) was much lower than TLP (51.5%). Conclusions: Integrated learning program becomes an innovative tool for learning in medical schools with excellent compliance among medical students.
ABSTRACT
Background: Seasonal affective disorder (SAD), a type of mood disorder, is defined by seasonal depressive symptoms that appear at a particular time of a year. Its burden in Saudi Arabia is poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of and factors associated with seasonal depression among attendees of primary health care centres (PHC) in Eastern Riyadh. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in the PHC of Eastern Riyadh. We systematically sampled participants attending the PHCs the required sample size was achieved. We measured seasonal depression and beliefs using the validated seasonal pattern assessment questionnaire (SPAQ) and seasonal beliefs questionnaire. We presented the mean and standard deviation (SD) of scores obtained and used Student’s t test ANOVA test to compare differences across explanatory variables. We demonstrated internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha. Results: Among 232 participants, majority were aged 18-35 years (67.2%) and males (60.8%). The mean (SD) score on SPAQ was 1.00 (0.71) and that on the seasonal beliefs was 3.03 (0.69). With a cut-off of 11 on SPAQ, prevalence of SAD was found to be 33.5%. SPAQ score was significantly higher among younger ages, females, single/divorced, Saudis, those with secondary/lower level education and those who earn<50,000 Saudi Riyals (p<0.001). Seasonal beliefs score was significantly higher among younger ages (p=0.013) and Saudis (p=0.001). Both the scales used had high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha of 0.901 for SPAQ and 0.847 for seasonal beliefs questionnaire). Conclusions: SAD was a prevalent mental health issue among primary care attendees in Eastern Riyadh. Screening for such conditions at the primary level among high-risk groups should be considered by family physicians.
ABSTRACT
Background: Group B streptococcus (GBS) is the most common bacterium to infect women during pregnancy, and vaginal GBS colonisation is a risk factor for newborn GBS illness. The presence of GBS in the woman during labour is thought to be accurately predicted by GBS detection in the final five weeks before to delivery. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of GBS genital infections among pregnant women in Najran, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted at the Armed Forces Hospital in Saudi Arabia. The study included data from electronic health records of all pregnant women who were examined and tested for genitourinary GBS infection in the hospital. Data was retrieved using a pre-designed form that included characteristic of the pregnant women, the gestational age at the time of GBS testing, and swap result of GBS. For each positive GBS swap, the antibiotic sensitivity against twenty-one antibiotics was recorded. Results: A total of 2308 pregnant women were included. The mean age was 32±7 years. The prevalence of positive GBS swap was 10.4%. The average gestational age of the women who had a positive swap was 34±9 weeks. Regarding antibiotics sensitivity, Penicillin (86.7%), Ampicillin (61.8%) and cephalexin (55.6%) were among the antibiotics that showed the highest sensitivity rates. Conclusions: We found an isolation rate of 10.4% of GBS among pregnant women who attended Najran Armed Forces Hospital. We recommend more comprehensive screening programs and strict management plans to avoid antimicrobial resistance to spread among these GBS strains.
ABSTRACT
The negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic are evident in the literature. Yet nearly 2 years into the pandemic, little information is available about the sleep quality and psychological well-being of healthcare students and professionals in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to assess the relationship between sleep quality and psychological distress in that population during the pandemic. A self-administered online questionnaire consisting of three sections was distributed to participants through social media platforms to evaluate sleep quality and psychological distress. The questionnaire was completed by 771 Saudi healthcare students and professionals. There was an inverse relationship between sleep quality and psychological distress (p?<?0.001, R2?=?0.138). The sleep quality score was statistically different between participants with chronic conditions and those without (5.2 (±?2.1), 5.8 (±?2.2), p?=?0.008, respectively). Severe psychological distress was reported by 35.5%, while 31.6% reported mild to moderate psychological distress. Female healthcare students were more susceptible to psychological distress than males (p?<?0.001). Healthcare students and interns/residents were more susceptible to psychological distress than medical specialists or consultants (p?=?0.001, p?=?0.033, respectively). Engaging in healthy lifestyle behaviors decreased the risk of psychological distress (p?<?0.001, p?=?0.006, respectively). The findings imply that sleep quality enhancement may decrease the risk of psychological distress among healthcare students and professionals in Saudi Arabia. Decision makers in healthcare facilities and schools could implement stress relief and coping programs to potentially reduce the risk of stress. Future in-depth qualitative research is warranted to examine the factors affecting sleep quality and psychological well-being.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To explore the occupational safety and health emphasis on fire safety policy and procedures in pharmacy practice as a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It was a narrative review of pharmacy practice fire safety policy and procedures. Literature searched various databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The search period is from the 1960s until 06 December 2023. The term is in full-text English and includes Case Reports, Classical Articles, Clinical Conferences, Clinical Studies, Clinical Trials, Evaluation Studies, Government Publications, Guidelines, meta-analyses, Observational Studies, Practice Guidelines, Randomized Controlled Trials, Reviews, Systematic Reviews, with Humans subject. All hospital or community pharmacy services are included in a search term. Besides, the National and international guidelines of general occupational safety and health in hospital practice. The committee of pharmacy occupational safety and health policy and procedures formulated and consisted of various expert members. The policy included fire prevention, Emergency Plans, Fire Protection, Safety conditions, and requirements for the pharmacy buildings and medication stores. Results: The fire safety of pharmacy practice policy and procedures in pharmacy practice had various benefits, such as fire safety risk assessment, Usage of fire extinguishers type per each fire at each section of pharmacy services, illustrate the fire safety equipment requirement for pharmaceutical warehouse and pharmacy buildings, and instruction prevention of fire and during fire incident. Conclusion: Fire safety as part of occupational safety and health policy and procedures in pharmacy practice is a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. They will improve the pharmacy safety measurement and better occupational safety and health. In addition, it encourages pharmacy staff to adhere to local and international occupational safety and health regulations and standards. Therefore, The pharmacy occupational safety and health emphasis on fire safety highly recommended policies, procedures, and related risk assessment analysis in the pharmacy businesses in Saudi Arabia.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To explore the software and applications of accounting and financial policy and procedures in pharmacy practice as a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It was a narrative review of the software and applications of accounting and financial policy and procedures in pharmacy practice. Literature searched various databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The search period is from the 1960s until 15 October 2023. The term is in full-text English and includes Case Reports, Classical Articles,Clinical Conferences, Clinical Studies, Clinical Trials, Evaluation Studies, Government Publications, Guidelines, Meta-Analysis, Observational Studies, Practice Guidelines, Randomized Controlled Trials, Reviews, Systematic Reviews, with Humans subject.subject. All hospital or community pharmacy services are included in a search term. Besides, the National and international guidelines of general infection control in hospital practice. The committee of pharmacy accounting policy and procedures formulated and consisted of various expert members. That includes clinical pharmacists, accountant specialists, and financial experts. The guidelines of the policy draft by one member by the second member were reviewed and corrected. The third revision was by the accountant specialist. The topic emphasizes accounting and financial software and applications of the Pharmacy policy. Results: The software and applications of accounting and financial policy and procedures in pharmacy practice are continuous, accessible, and fast to retrieve information. Several factors might affect choosing accounting and financial software and applications, including services coverage, cost, and applicable and friendly usage. Conclusion: The software and applications policy is a new pharmacy accounting and financial initiative. The software and applications policy improves the accounting and financial retrieving and documentation system. In addition, it helps pharmacists to adhere to accounting and financial regulations in different places at healthcare organizations. Therefore, the accounting and financial software and applications policy is highly recommended for digital hospital and community pharmacy systems in Saudi Arabia.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To explore the physician’s advanced practice of Total Parenteral Nutrition in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It analyzes a cross-sectional survey that discussed advanced physician practice of Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) in Saudi Arabia. The survey consisted of respondents’ demographic information about physicians and Advanced Practice Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) by Physicians, the types of prescribing, preparations, and administrations of the Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) system, The responsibility of Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs). The 5-point Likert response scale system was used with closed-ended questions. The survey was validated through the revision of expert reviewers and pilot testing. Besides, various tests of the reliability of McDonald’s ?, Cronbach alpha, Gutmann’s ?2, and Gutmann’s ?6 were done with the study. In addition, the data analysis of the Pharmacist practice of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) medications is done through the survey monkey system. Besides, the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS), Jeffery’s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP), and Microsoft Excel sheet version 16. Results: A total number of 409 physicians responded to the questionnaire. Of them, almost one-half responded from the Northern region (186 (45.48%)), and one Quarter responded from the central area (106 (25.92%)), with statistically significant differences between the provinces (p=0.000). Females responded more than males (268 (65.53%)) versus 141 (34.47%)), with statistically significant differences between all levels (p=0.001). Most of the responders were in the age group of 36-45 years (198 (48.41%)) and 46-55 years (109 (26.65%)), with statistically significant differences between all age groups (p=0.000). Almost one-half of responders, 176 (43.03%), worked at an organization that had Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) services, with only 86 (21.03%) had been ever requested any Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) with statistically significant differences between all answers (p=0.000). The average score of items for advanced practicing Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) was (3.48). The “Patient safety system for TPN” item scored the highest (3.74). Followed by The element “Pediatrics TPN forms” (3.73) and The element “Clean room for TPN preparation” (3.73). Most physicians had Customized Total Parenteral nutrition for geriatrics 228 (55.75%) and Pediatric 225 (55.01%). In using Standardized Total Parenteral nutrition, most physicians used for geriatrics, 283 (69.19%) and 189 (46.21%), do not know how to use it. In Pre-mixed Total Parenteral nutrition, most physicians used geriatrics 211 (51.59%) and adolescents 209 (51.10%). Conclusion: The advanced practice of parenteral nutrition by physicians was adequate. One-half of physicians practice the New model of parenteral nutrition. The physician had negative perceptions of the parenteral nutrition responsibilities of the pharmacist. The advanced practice of TPN should be considered for further evaluation and accountability in medical care.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To the Crisis and Disaster Management policy and procedures in pharmacy practice as a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It was a narrative review of pharmacy practice’s Crisis and Disaster Management policy and procedures. Literature searched various databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The search period is from the 1960s until 06 December 2023. The term is in full-text English and includes Case Reports, Classical Articles, Clinical Conferences, Clinical Studies, Clinical Trials, Evaluation Studies, Government Publications, Guidelines, meta-analyses, Observational Studies, Practice Guidelines, Randomized Controlled Trials, Reviews, Systematic Reviews, with Humans subject. All hospital or community pharmacy services are included in a search term. Besides, the National and international guidelines of general occupational safety and health in hospital practice. The committee of pharmacy accounting policy and procedures formulated and consisted of various expert members. That includes clinical pharmacists, occupational safety specialists, Crisis and Disaster Management, and fire safety experts. The guidelines of the policy draft by one member by the second member were reviewed and corrected. The third revision was by the occupational safety and health specialist. The topic emphasizes the Crisis and Disaster Management of the Pharmacy policy. Results: Crisis and Disaster Management in pharmacy practice indicates its preparation for an emergency position at a particular time, indicating its assets, competent pharmacy human resources, and related material. The Crisis and Disaster Management consisted of the General concept of crisis and disaster management and the Content of Pharmacy crisis and disaster management (Planning, Implementation, Execution, Training and Education, Exercise and test, Maintenance, and improvement). Conclusion: The Crisis and Disaster Management in pharmacy practice policy and procedures is a new initiative project for pharmacy career professionals. Crisis and disaster management in pharmacy practice improve public demand during healthcare emergencies and risk management decisions. In addition, it encourages pharmacists to participate in public voluntary and charitable activities at various places in healthcare institutions. Therefore, the Crisis and Disaster Management in pharmacy practice policy and procedures policy is highly recommended for implementation in the pharmacy business in Saudi Arabia.
ABSTRACT
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, which are caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. One of the main issue and concern about epilepsy in Saudi Arabia is the lack of information about the disease, or the medical staff's poor knowledge due to insufficient experience and lack of awareness. The study's main objective is to identify the misconceptions circulated within health sector workers in the city of Tabuk. The researcher seeks to apply the specific study sample for several health centers and hospitals in Tabuk. Quantitative research had been sitting for 368 health/ medical workers by using Google Forms. 65.7% of those who have relatives suffer from epilepsy declare that the attending physician did not clearly explain the nature of the disease, including the causes, treatment and first aid. And 63.4% of health care workers had no experience about epilepsy, and 62.7% of them did not participate in courses or conferences before. Also 40.7% of them had no prior experience of febrile seizures. 76.7% of the participants believe that they cannot relate to a person with epilepsy. This research proved that a high percentage of the Saudi society in Tabuk have misconceptions about epilepsy. The main reason for the nullification of treatment’s effect is the interaction of the surrounding environment towards the conflict disease through misconceptions in advance, which limit the effectiveness of positive progression of the disease with treatment and appropriate medical care
ABSTRACT
Background: Although penetrating keratoplasty (PK) still remains the dominant form of transplantation for macular corneal dystrophy (MCD) patients, many studies evaluating these new forms of selective lamellar keratoplasty (LK) now suggest equivalent or better visual outcomes. This study aimed to explore the difference in outcomes and complications that follows each type of these operations. Methods: A retrospective, single-center study was performed at King Abdulaziz medical city in 2022. The study included patients with a histological diagnosis of MCD who undergone either PK or LK. Data was collected from health records using a form that consisted of patient characteristic, type of operation and post-operative outcomes, including visual acuity, survival rate and complications. Results: The study included a total of 54 eyes of patients who have MCD. A best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 0.5 or better was achieved in 82.5% of eyes of PK group and 42.9% of eyes of LK group. Graft survival rate was 90% (36 eyes) and 85.7% (12 eyes) in PK and LK groups respectively. Regarding complications, four PK eyes (10%) and one LK eye (7.1%) had high intraocular pressure, three PK eyes (7.5%) and one LK eye (7.1%) developed rejection, one PK eye (2.5%) developed recurrent epithelial erosion, and another one PK eye (2.5%) developed Traumatic epithelial laceration. Conclusions: PK operations resulted in a better post-operative visual acuity compared to LK group. The graft survival rate was slightly better for the PK group. PK was associated with higher incidence of complications than LK group.
ABSTRACT
In early January 2020, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as the agent responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Recently, a high percentage of patients show a high interest in natural medicines. This is mainly due to the general feeling that natural medicines are safer than synthetic drugs. This study is designed to measure the prevalence of medical and edible plants during the (COVID-19) pandemic in Taif-Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted. Data was collected online using a Google forms survey. The online questionnaire was distributed to participants aged 18 years or older, living in Taif city. The data were analyzed by using IBM- SPSS version 25. In this study, we collected data from 325 participants where 76.9% of the participants were females. Considering the use of plants, 25.7% of the participants reported using Cinnamon while 20% of the participants reported using Star anise. Among the users of plants, family and friends were the main advisors of using these plants at 44.62% followed by social media at 23.69%. Moreover, 62.4 % of the participants reported using plants to protect against COVID-19 while 37.5 % reported using plants in relieving the symptoms of COVID-19. There is a significant increase in the trend of using herbs and natural products among Saudi populations, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Cinnamon, Star Anise, and pomegranate were the main reported plants to be used by the participants.