ABSTRACT
Vision Disorders are among the most common disabilities to affect children. Childhood Blindness is an important Public Health Problem due to inequalities in the Social and Economical conditions of Bihar State. Moreover it抯 a significant component of WHO vision 2020 program. By Public Health Interventions, the prevalence of cases of Childhood Blindness can be reduced. With this background, a study was done in assessment of the epidemiology of childhood blindness, with suggestions of plan of actions to reduce the prevalence of childhood Blindness which will lead to educational opportunities and improvement in mental and general health. This study had limitations due to average Health infrastructures and record keeping from PHC to Medical colleges. But at the same time, still a lot of timely Neonatal Eye Care Services and proper refraction strategies have helped in prevention of Childhood Blindness. In this study, the principals of epidemiology has been followed, as to finding the answers of 揥ho, Where and Why� regarding Childhood Blindness in Bihar. The current prevalence of blindness in children is known to be around 0.6%. Despite various intervention programs. This Public Health Problem a challenge both from epidemiology and care provider point of view.
ABSTRACT
La salud y el bienestar de la comunidad es el objetivo básico de la salud pública. Escuela saludable se constituye en un programa que busca fortalecer la producción social de la salud en el ámbito escolar a través de acciones de política pública, ambiente saludable, empoderamiento y participación social, educación para la salud y vigilancia. Con el objetivo de establecer el grado de aplicación de los lineamientos del programa escuela saludable en algunos colegios públicos de la ciudad de Santa Marta para el año 2017, se realizó un estudio descriptivo cuantitativo en 14 instituciones que voluntariamente aceptaron participar. De manera general, se encontró un nivel deficiente de aplicación de los lineamientos nacionales para la estrategia; en cada uno de los ítems evaluados se evidenció un bajo porcentaje de cumplimiento, concluyendo que se requieren diseñar estrategias de fortalecimiento en la implementación del programa que permitan objetivo fundamental de mejorar la salud de los colectivos (escolares y la comunidad académica en general).
The health and well-being of the community is the basic objective of public health. Healthy school is constituted in a program that seeks to strengthen the social production of health in the school environment through actions of public policy, healthy environment, empowerment and social participation, health education and surveillance. With the objective of establishing the degree of application of the guidelines of the healthy school program in some public schools of the city of Santa Marta for the year 2017, a descriptive quantitative study was carried out in 14 institutions that voluntarily agreed to participate. In general, there was a deficient level of application of the national guidelines for the strategy; In each of the evaluated items a low percentage of compliance was evidenced, concluding that it is necessary to design strengthening strategies in the implementation of the program that allow a fundamental objective of improving the health of schoolchildren and the academic community in general.
Subject(s)
SchoolsABSTRACT
Objetivo: compreender os resultados obtidos com o Curso de Aperfeiçoamento para planejamento e atuação intersetorial em promoção da saúde na escola, ofertado pela Fiocruz Brasília, entre 2014 e 2015, a 25 profissionais envolvidos com o Programa Saúde na Escola, no Distrito Federal. Metodologia: Descrição dos objetivos e etapas do curso; análise do processo de mobilização para a participação, das expectativas e das opiniões dos estudantes sobre cada módulo e sobre a proposta global. Resultados: Foram capacitados profissionais da educação e da saúde para planejar, atuar e refletir sobre situações práticas da gestão intersetorial e colaborativa. As etapas da formação incluem a elaboração coletiva do projeto do curso, reunindo gestores locais, regionais e federais do Programa Saúde na Escola, a mobilização no território e a metodologia participativa em nove módulos temáticos. Participaram pesquisadores e profissionais da saúde e da educação. Globalmente, o perfil do grupo foi feminino (92%), de nível superior completo (67%) e com atuação na saúde (70%). Os trabalhos finais apresentaram projetos coletivos de intervenção no território, com foco em ações voltadas para a busca de dados nas unidades de saúde e escolas, a ação educativa junto aos escolares, a formação permanente de profissionais da educação e da saúde nos espaços cotidianos de sua prática e o fortalecimento do Grupo de Trabalho Intersetorial, por meio de tecnologia de diálogo. Conclusão: É importante buscar experiências de formação articuladas à prática profissional dos participantes e reunir trabalhadores da saúde e da educação..
Objective: to understand the results obtained with the Improvement Course for planning intersectoral action in health promotion at school offered by Fiocruz Brasilia, between 2014 and 2015, to 25 professionals involved with the School Health Program in the Federal District. Methodology: Description of objectives and steps of the course; analysis of the mobilization process for participation, expectations and opinions of students on each module and the overall proposal. Results: Educators trained to plan, act and reflect on practical situations of inter sectoral and collaborative management. The stages of training included the collective elaboration of the project, bringing together local, regional and federal managers of the health program at the school, the mobilization in the territory and participatory methodology in nine the matic modules. Researchers and health and education professionals were the public of the course. Overall, the groups profile was female (92%) of college graduates (67%) and health professionals (70%). The final work presented collective projects of intervention in the territory, focusing on actions to search for data in health facilities and schools, the educational action at the school, ongoing training of education and health professionals in everyday spaces of their practice and the strengthening of the Inter Sectoral Working Group, through dialogue technology. Conclusion: It is important to seek training experiences articulated to the professional practice of the participants and bring together health and educational workers.
Subject(s)
Humans , Education , Education, Continuing , Health , Intersectoral Collaboration , School Health ServicesABSTRACT
Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar as significações que os profissionais que atuam como articuladores no Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE) têm acerca das dificuldades de aprendizagem geradoras do fracasso escolar. Participaram da pesquisa dez profissionais que atuam como articuladores do PSE, sendo cinco vinculados à Educação e os demais à Saúde. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, gravadas com a autorização dos participantes e analisados com base no método de análise de conteúdo temática. Os resultados indicaram que os entrevistados compreendem as dificuldades de aprendizagem como decorrentes principalmente da família pobre e/ou desestruturada e de problemas do aluno. As práticas pedagógicas e políticas educacionais também apareceram, com menor destaque, como corroboradoras desse fenômeno. Destarte, há uma compreensão do PSE como um programa que pode contribuir para a superação das dificuldades de aprendizagem por meio do diagnóstico e medicalização, evidenciando uma compreensão reducionista do processo...
This article aims to identify the meanings that professionals who act as articulators in School Health Programs (SHP) give to learning difficulties that generate school failure. Ten professionals who act as articulators of SHPs participated in this study: five education professionals and five health professionals. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews recorded with the permission of the participants. They were analyzed based on the thematic content analysis method. The results indicated that respondents understand learning difficulties as arising mainly from poor and/or dysfunctional families and students' problems. Pedagogical practices and educational policies have also appeared, with less emphasis, as corroborating this phenomenon. Therefore, the School Health Program is understood as a program that can contribute to overcoming learning difficulties through their diagnosis and medicalization, showing a reductive understanding of this phenomenon...
Este artículo tiene el objetivo de identificar las significaciones que tienen los profesionales que actúan en el Programa Salud en la Escuela (PSE) acerca de las dificultades de aprendizaje generadoras del fracaso escolar. Participaron del estudio 10 profesionales que actúan como articuladores del PSE, de los cuales 5 están vinculados a la educación y los otros 5 a la salud. Los datos fueron obtenidos por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas, grabadas con la autorización de los participantes y analizadas basándose en el método de análisis temático del contenido. Los resultados indicaron que los entrevistados entienden las dificultades de aprendizaje debido principalmente a la familia pobre y/o desestructurada y a problemas del alumno. Las prácticas pedagógicas y políticas educativas también aparecieron, con menor destaque, corroborando ese fenómeno. De esta manera, se comprende que el PSE es un programa que puede contribuir para la superación de las dificultades de aprendizaje por medio del diagnóstico y medicalización, mostrando una comprensión reduccionista del proceso...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Child Day Care Centers , Health Services , Medicalization , Health Services Research , National Health ProgramsABSTRACT
A Promoção da Saúde traz consigo uma forma mais complexa de olhar para o processo saúde - doença, dando ênfase aos determinantes sociais em saúde e propondo intervenções integrais e reconhecendo as limitações do Setor Saúde, apresenta a necessidade do trabalho intersetorial. Nesse contexto, a atenção à saúde de crianças, adolescentes e jovens é compreendida na interseção entre os setores saúde e educação.Com o objetivo de garantir o desenvolvimento integral desse público, dando respostas aos principais problemas, é criado o Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE). O presente trabalho se propõe a analisar como vem sendo estabelecida essa relação intersetorial e se o Programa tem conseguido construir redes entre esses setores. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, desenvolvido no município de Recife, no qual foram estudadas duas escolas do PSE, no qual utilizamos a triangulação de dados e de análise, a fim de dar conta da complexidade do objeto da pesquisa. Para isso, realizamos entrevistas, grupos focais, consultamos documentos relevantes e também utilizamos como elemento de análise a vivência da pesquisadora no Programa. A partir do material estudado foi possível conhecer como aconteceu a implantação e a implementação do PSE no município, percebemos que a Saúde ainda parece está a frente do processo. Ficou claro, também, que apesar das estratégias de integração utilizadas, essas ainda não são suficientes para consolidação da relação intersetorial. Contudo, avanços são percebidos nesse sentido, pois mesmo que conflituosa já começa a haver o estabelecimento de um contato mais permanente entre equipes de saúde e escolas. Bem como, identificamos contribuições para o cuidado destinado aos estudantes, através da identificação de problemas que antes não eram enxergados pela Saúde. Entretanto, as respostas aos problemas identificados são insuficientes. Assim, parece que apesar de vir contribuindo para a construção de uma relação intersetorial e em certa medida ajudar a tecer redes, essas ainda são frágeis e grandes são os desafios para a efetivação dos avanços alcançados.
The Health Promotion implies a more complex way of looking at the health - disease by focusing on the social determinants of health and proposing comprehensive interventions and recognizing the limitations of the Health Sector, presents the need for intersectoral work. In this context, health care for children, adolescents and young people is understood at the intersection between health and education sectors. In order to ensure the full development of this public, giving answers to the main problems, it has been created the School Health Program (PSE). This study aims to analyze how that intersectoral relationship is being establishedand and if the program has been able to build networks between these sectors. It is a qualitative study, developed in the city of Recife, in which two school from the PSE were studied, plus, we used the triangulation of data and analysis in order to account for the complexity of the research object. For this, we conducted interviews, focus groups, consulted relevant documents and also used as an analytical element the experience of the researcher in the program. From the material studied was possible to know how the deployment and implementation of PSE happened in the city, and we realized how it looks like health is still leading the process. It was clear, too, that despite the integration of strategies used, these are not yet sufficient to intersectoral relationship consolidation. However, advances are perceived in this sense, because despite of the conflicts the beginning the establishment of a more permanent contact between health and school teams can be seen already. As well as we can identify contributions on the subject of the cares aimed to students, by identifying problems that were not seen before. However, the responses to the identified problems are insufficient. So it seems that despite of the contributions to the construction of an inter-sectoral relationship and to some extent help to weave networks, these are still fragile and great are the challenges for ensuring the progress made.
Subject(s)
Community Networks , Health Promotion , Intersectoral Collaboration , Primary Health Care , Brazil , Government Programs , Interviews as Topic , Organizational Case Studies , Program EvaluationABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: It is evident that obesity and other associated chronic diseases are increasing. Since 1998, periodic health examination has been taken in the first grade of high school in accordance with the law nationally and will be expanded to other grades. We evaluated the health status of this population and thought the problems and pitfalls of this program. METHODS: We took 983 students of the first grade of high school in Seongnam city from April to June 2002. We used the questionnaire and test results as the first line methods of evaluation. Phone counselling was used as the follow-up method. Chi-square test was the main analytic method. RESULTS: Impaired visual acuity and absence of hepatitis B viral antibody were shown in over 40% of this population. Obesity, anemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension were followed as the next most popular problems. Though 7.9% of 983 students were to be examined again, only 53.8% of them were re-examined. 52.7% of the student who took re-examination was proved normal. 47% of the test students thought that they were not healthy. Over half of students had the problems of exercise and eating behavior. CONCLUSION: We concluded that many students had the behavioral problems causing the chronic diseases. Medical prevention and education program is needed and medical faculties must participate in these programs. In periodic health examination various follow-up programs and screening-questionnaires on psychologic problems must be invented and applied for students.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Anemia , Chronic Disease , Education , Faculty, Medical , Feeding Behavior , Follow-Up Studies , Hepatitis B , Hyperlipidemias , Hypertension , Jurisprudence , Obesity , Visual Acuity , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: It is evident that obesity and other associated chronic diseases are increasing. Since 1998, periodic health examination has been taken in the first grade of high school in accordance with the law nationally and will be expanded to other grades. We evaluated the health status of this population and thought the problems and pitfalls of this program. METHODS: We took 983 students of the first grade of high school in Seongnam city from April to June 2002. We used the questionnaire and test results as the first line methods of evaluation. Phone counselling was used as the follow-up method. Chi-square test was the main analytic method. RESULTS: Impaired visual acuity and absence of hepatitis B viral antibody were shown in over 40% of this population. Obesity, anemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension were followed as the next most popular problems. Though 7.9% of 983 students were to be examined again, only 53.8% of them were re-examined. 52.7% of the student who took re-examination was proved normal. 47% of the test students thought that they were not healthy. Over half of students had the problems of exercise and eating behavior. CONCLUSION: We concluded that many students had the behavioral problems causing the chronic diseases. Medical prevention and education program is needed and medical faculties must participate in these programs. In periodic health examination various follow-up programs and screening-questionnaires on psychologic problems must be invented and applied for students.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Anemia , Chronic Disease , Education , Faculty, Medical , Feeding Behavior , Follow-Up Studies , Hepatitis B , Hyperlipidemias , Hypertension , Jurisprudence , Obesity , Visual Acuity , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Programs that promote health through schools (school health programs), when delivered through schools that are themselves organized to promote health (health-promoting schools), are one of the essential means through which the twin goals of "Health for All by the Year 2000" and "Education for All" can be achieved. There are numerous evidences that school health programs are cost-effective and highly beneficial for adolescents themselves and communities they are belonged to. These days, the world's trend for school health programs has two directions. One is that to achieve best goals for school health, well-organized efforts are needed from governments, communities, schools, parents, and doctors. So, a new concept of 'comprehensive school health programs' is emerging. The other is that physicians should play an active roles not only for the school health promotion and school health education but also for the other steps including marking polices, and advising community members who are concerned with school health services. Now, it is also time for Korean doctors to be an advocate for comprehensive school programmes and to participate actively in those programs.