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1.
Rev. Investig. Innov. Cienc. Salud ; 4(1): 109-124, 2022. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1391812

ABSTRACT

Introducción: se ha descrito que los pacientes con hipoacusia asimétrica cursan en un 2% con lesiones retrococleares. La conducta de escrutinio se ha basado en la audiometría. Existen varias definiciones de asimetría audiométrica descritas en la literatura, pero sin llegar a un consenso. Aunque la prueba de oro para el diagnóstico de schwannoma vestibular es la resonancia magnética con gadolíneo, la sospecha clínica se hace en base a la asimetría audiométrica. Objetivo: hacemos una revisión de los trabajos publicados al respecto en la literatu-ra y comentamos nuestra experiencia. Reflexión: queremos enfatizar en la importancia de estudiar a los pacientes con hipoacusia asimétrica con el fin de descartar patología retrococlear. Conclusión: a pesar de que no existe un consenso claro en la definición de hi-poacusia asimétrica, la sospecha clínica de un schwannoma vestibular se basa en la audiometría


Background: It is described that 2% of patients with asymmetric hearing loss have retrocochlear lesions. The scrutiny behavior has been based on audiometry. There are several definitions of audiometric asymmetry described in the literature, but without reaching a consensus. Although the gold standard for the diagnosis of vestibular schwannoma is gadolinium magnetic resonance imaging, the clinical sus-picion is based on audiometric asymmetry. Objective: we review the results published in this regard in the literature and com-ment on our own experience. Reflection: we want to emphasize the importance of studying asymmetric hearing loss patients in order to rule out retrocochlear etiology. Conclusions: although there is no clear consensus on the definition of asym-metric hearing loss, the clinical suspicion of a vestibular schwannoma is based on the audiometry.


Subject(s)
Audiometry , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Hearing Loss , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural , Patients , Neuroma, Acoustic , Diagnosis , Gadolinium , Hearing , Neurilemmoma
2.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1387559

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Los schwannomas vestibulares son tumores benignos de lento crecimiento. Aproximadamente el 90% son de presentación unilateral, el 10% restante, son bilaterales y se encuentran asociados al síndrome de Neurofibromatosis tipo 2. Las opciones de tratamiento son observación, cirugía o radiocirugía. La radiocirugía es un tratamiento seguro, con altas tasas de control local y baja morbilidad en schwannomas vestibulares menores a 3 cm de diámetro mayor. Reportamos la primera radiocirugía realizada en el sistema público uruguayo para este tipo de patologías.


Abstract: Vestibular schwannomas are slow-growing benign tumors. Approximately 90% are unilateral, the remaining 10% are bilateral and are associated with Neurofibromatosis type 2 syndrome. Treatment options are observation, surgery or radiosurgery. Radiosurgery is a safe treatment, with high local control rates and low morbidity in vestibular schwannomas smaller than 3 cm in major diameter. We report the first radiosurgery performed in the Uruguayan public system for this type of pathology.


Resumo: Os schwannomas vestibulares são tumores benignos de crescimento lento. Aproximadamente 90% são unilaterais, os restantes 10% são bilaterais e estão associados à síndrome de neurofibromatose tipo 2. As opções de tratamento são observação, cirurgia ou radiocirurgia. A radiocirurgia é um tratamento seguro, com altas taxas de controle local e baixa morbilidade em schwannomas vestibulares com menos de 3 cm de diâmetro maior. Relatamos a primeira radiocirurgia realizada no sistema público uruguaio pra este tipo de patologia.

3.
Rev. Hosp. Ital. B. Aires (2004) ; 39(4): 115-127, dic. 2019. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1099709

ABSTRACT

La neurofibromatosis (NF) comprende un grupo de enfermedades genéticas de herencia autosómica dominante, que se clasifican de la siguiente manera: neurofibromatosis tipo 1 (NF1), neurofibromatosis tipo 2 (NF2) y schwannomatosis (también conocida como neurofibromatosis tipo 3). Esta última es una enfermedad muy infrecuente, con una prevalencia aproximada de 1/126 000 personas, por lo que solo profundizaremos las dos primeras. La NF1, también conocida como la enfermedad de Von Recklinghausen, es la más frecuente de las tres y afecta principalmente la piel y el sistema nervioso periférico. Se caracteriza por la presencia de máculas "café con leche", pecas axilares o inguinales, nódulos de Lisch (hamartomas en el iris) y neurofibromas (tumores de la vaina de nervios periféricos). Otras manifestaciones menos frecuentes, aunque de mayor gravedad, incluyen gliomas del nervio óptico, meningiomas, neurofibromas malignos, escoliosis y displasia de la tibia. Su diagnóstico se suele realizar al nacimiento o durante los primeros años de vida, y se estima que un 50% de quienes la padecen presenta dificultades cognitivas. No hay datos concluyentes sobre la mortalidad en los pacientes con NF1, aunque se sabe que la expectativa de vida es menor que en la población general. La NF2 tiene una prevalencia considerablemente menor que la NF1 y su inicio es más tardío, afectando principalmente a adultos jóvenes. La presentación clínica típica se caracteriza por acúfenos, hipoacusia y ataxia en contexto de la presencia de schwannomas vestibulares bilaterales. Otros hallazgos menos frecuentes incluyen schwannomas de nervios periféricos, meningiomas, ependimomas o astrocitomas. La esperanza de vida es de unos 36 años, con una supervivencia media desde el momento del diagnóstico de 15 años. (AU)


Neurofibromatosis (NF) includes a group of genetic diseases with an autosomal-dominant inheritance pattern, and they are classified as follows: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) and Schwannomatosis (also known as neurofibromatosis type 3). This last one is a very rare disease, with an approximate prevalence of 1/126000, so we will only deepen in the first two. NF1, also known as von Recklinghausen disease, is the most frequent, and mainly affects the skin and peripheral nervous system. Its typical manifestations are the presence of café-au-lait macules, axillary or inguinal freckles, Lisch nodules (hamartomas in the iris) and neurofibromas (peripheral nerve sheath tumors). Less frequent manifestations, although more serious, include optic nerve gliomas, meningiomas, malignant neurofibromas, scoliosis and tibial dysplasia. The diagnosis is usually made at birth or during the first years of life, and approximately 50% of patients present cognitive difficulties. There is no conclusive data on mortality in patients with NF1, although it is known that life expectancy is lower than in general population. NF2 has a considerably lower prevalence than NF1, and its onset is later in life, mainly affecting young adults. Its typical clinical presentation is characterized by tinnitus, hearing loss and ataxia in the context in the presence of bilateral vestibular schwannomas. Less frequent findings include peripheral nerve schwannomas, meningiomas, ependymomas or astrocytomas. Life expectancy is about 36 years old, with a median survival from the moment of diagnosis of 15 years. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Adult , Young Adult , Neurofibromatosis 2/etiology , Neurofibromatosis 1/etiology , Neurofibromatoses/classification , Astrocytoma/physiopathology , Ataxia , Scoliosis/physiopathology , Tibia/abnormalities , Tinnitus , Bone Diseases, Developmental/physiopathology , Neuroma, Acoustic/complications , Life Expectancy , Neurofibromatosis 2/epidemiology , Neurofibromatosis 1/physiopathology , Neurofibromatosis 1/mortality , Neurofibromatosis 1/epidemiology , Neurofibromatoses/diagnosis , Optic Nerve Glioma/physiopathology , Ependymoma/physiopathology , Hearing Loss , Iris Diseases/physiopathology , Melanosis/physiopathology , Meningioma/physiopathology , Neurilemmoma/etiology , Neurilemmoma/physiopathology , Neurofibroma/physiopathology , Neurofibroma/pathology
4.
Rev. argent. neurocir ; 33(2): 113-114, jun. 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1177747

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La cirugía de los schwannoma vestibulares constituye un desafío para los neurocirujanos. Debido a que se trata de un tumor benigno la resección completa de la lesión implica la curación del paciente. Sin embargo, este objetivo no siempre es fácil de lograr preservando la función de los nervios facial y acústico, especialmente en tumores de gran tamaño. Objetivos: Presentar detalles técnicos de la cirugía de resección de un schwannoma vestibular de gran tamaño (IVa) en el que se pudo preservar la función facial. Materiales y métodos: Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 36 años que consultó por hipoacusia izquierda. En la RM preoperatoria se evidenciaba una lesión ocupante de espacio del ángulo pontocerebeloso izquierdo compatible con schwannoma vestibular con compresión del tronco encefálico y sin efecto de masa sobre el IV ventrículo (grado IVa). Mediante un abordaje suboccipital retromastoideo en posición de decúbito lateral se realizó la resección de la lesión en forma completa asistida por monitoreo del nervio facial. En todo momento se pudo preservar el plano aracnoideo que separaba el tumor de los nervios adyacentes. Resultados: Se logró una resección macroscópicamente completa con preservación de la función del nervio facial. La paciente permaneció internada por 96 hs en el postoperatorio sin complicaciones derivadas del procedimiento. Conclusión: La preservación del plano aracnoideo es un detalle técnico de mucha importancia para disminuir las posibilidades de lesión de los nervios facial y auditivo en la cirugía de resección de los schwannoma vestibulares.


Introduction: The surgery of vestibular schwannomas is a challenge for neurosurgeons.Because it is a benign tumor, complete resection of the lesion involves healing the patient. However, this objective is not always easy to achieve, preserving the function of both the facial and acoustic nerves, especially when dealing with large tumors. Objective: The objective of the video is to present some technical details of a large vestibular schwannoma (IVa) surgery in which the facial function could be preserved. Materials and methods: We present the case of a 36-year-old female patient who consulted for left hearing loss. The preoperative MRI showed a space- occupying lesion of the left pontocerebellar angle, which was compatible with vestibular schwannoma, with compression of the brainstem but with no mass effect on the IV ventricle (grade IVa). By means of a retromastoid suboccipital approach in the lateral prone position, the lesion was completely resected assisted by neurophysiological monitoring of the facial nerve. At all times, the arachnoid plane separating the tumor from the adjacent nerves was preserved. Results: A macroscopically complete resection was achieved preserving the facial nerve function. The patient stayed hospitalized for 96 hours during the postoperative period without any complication from the procedure. Conclusion: Preserving the arachnoid plane is a very important technical detail to reduce the possibilities of injury of the facial and auditory nerves in the vestibular schwannoma resection surgery.


Subject(s)
Neurilemmoma , Neuroma, Acoustic , Cerebellopontine Angle , Hearing Loss , Neoplasms
5.
Rev. argent. neurocir ; 32(2): 86-93, jun. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1223519

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El abordaje suboccipital retrosigmoideo es la vía principal para la resección de los schwannomas vestibulares (SV). La relación vascular más constante de los nervios del conducto auditivo interno es la arteria cerebelosa anteroinferior (ACAI); pudiendo su recorrido presentarse como un serio obstáculo para la resección completa de la lesión. Descripción del caso: Paciente varón de 38 años, con diagnóstico presuntivo de SV por resonancia magnética (Grado T3B). Se realiza cirugía por vía retrosigmoidea. Se observa a la ACAI totalmente recubierta por tejido dural y óseo, cuya liberación fue posible mediante fresado en la fosa subarcuata. Se logra una exéresis completa del tumor. El paciente evolucionó durante el estado posoperatorio sin déficit neurológico agregado. Discusión: La ACAI ha sido descripta fijada a la duramadre y/o incrustada en el hueso de la fosa subarcuata en escasas publicaciones, impidiendo la resección completa de un SV, especialmente de la porción intracanalicular. Sin embargo, su liberación supone riesgo adicional de lesión vascular. Conclusión: La lesión de la ACAI puede ser causal de alta morbilidad, por lo que el neurocirujano debe estar preparado para reconocer y resolver este tipo de situaciones.


Introduction: A retrosigmoid suboccipital approach is the route most commonly utilized to resect vestibular schwannomas (VS). However, the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) usually runs adjacent to internal auditory canal nerves, and its course may severely impede total tumor resection. Case report: A 38-year-old male patient presented with presumed grade T3B VS, diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Surgery was performed using a retrosigmoid approach, during which the AICA was identified to be completely covered by dural and bone tissue. Further drilling in the subarcuate fossa was necessary to release the AICI, allowing for total gross resection of the VS. No neurological deficits were observed post-operatively. Discussion: On rare occasion, the AICA has been described fixed to the dura and/or embedded within subarcuate fossal bone, thereby preventing removal of the intra-canalicular portion of the VS and, hence, total resection. However, AICA release adds the risk of vascular injury. Conclusion: Injury to the AICA may cause high morbidity in patients with a vestibular schwannoma. Neurosurgeons must be able to recognize and deal with certain anatomical configurations that place patients at particularly-high risk.


Subject(s)
Humans , Neurilemmoma , Arteries , Neuroma, Acoustic , Ear Canal
6.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 37(1): 47-49, 13/04/2018.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-911364

ABSTRACT

Vestibular schwannomas (VSs) account for 70% of all tumors of the cerebellopontine angle (CPA). Their clinical presentation is often insidious, with progressive hearing loss and involvement of other cranial nerves. Spontaneous hemorrhage in those tumors is very unusual, and generally presents with acute clinical features such as nausea, vomiting, headache and altered consciousness, usually with marked dysfunction of the cranial nerve involved, and with new deficits of neighboring cranial nerves. Asymptomatic patients are extremely rare. We present a case report of an incidental VS with asymptomatic bleeding, which evolved to death after surgery.


Schwannomas vestibulares (SVs) são responsáveis por cerca de 70% de todos os tumores do ângulo pontocerebelar. Sua apresentação costuma ser insidiosa, com perda auditiva progressiva e envolvimento de outros nervos cranianos. Hemorragia espontânea nesses tumores é incomum, e geralmente apresenta-se agudamente, com náusea, vômitos, cefaleia e alterações de consciência, normalmente com disfunção importante dos nervos cranianos envolvidos e com novos déficits dos nervos próximos. Pacientes assintomáticos são extremamente raros. Apresentamos um relato de caso de um SV incidental com sangramento assintomático que evoluiu para o óbito após cirurgia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Hemorrhage , Neurilemmoma
7.
INSPILIP ; 1(2): 1-10, jun.-dic. 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-987556

ABSTRACT

Los Schwannomas del acústico son tumores benignos de crecimiento lento de la división superior del nervio vestibular, con una incidencia de 1,9 por cada 100.000 habitantes. En la actualidad, la tecnología de la neuroimagen en conjunto con la exploración audiológica clínica e instrumentada permiten el diagnóstico en estadios tempranos e incluso como hallazgo clínico, por tal motivo solo el 6 % a nivel mundial se cataloga como tumor grande al momento del diagnóstico. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 16 años con cefalea, mareo, vómito, hipoacusia, parálisis facial y diadococinesia, por lo que se realizaron estudios de neuroimagen en los que se evidenció masa ocupativa a nivel ángulo pontocerebeloso; por las dimensiones se cataloga según la clasificación de Koss como estadio IV. Se confirmó diagnóstico mediante estudio histopatológico.


Acoustic schwannomas are benign tumors of slow growth in the top division of the vestibular nerve, with an incidence of 1.9 per 100,000 inhabitants. Currently, imaging technology together with the clinical examination audiological and implemented allow diagnosis at an early stage and even as a clinical finding, on that ground only 6 % worldwide are categorized as large tumor at diagnosis. For a woman of 16 with headache, dizziness , vomiting , hearing loss, facial paralysis and diadochokinesia occurs, so neuroimaging studies in which a space- occupying mass level cerebellopontine angle were made evident ; by the dimensions it is classified as classified as stage IV Koss . Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Vestibular Nerve , Cerebellopontine Angle , Neoplasms , Neurilemmoma , Technology , Incidence , Incidental Findings
8.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 36(4): 230-233, 20/12/2017.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-911230

ABSTRACT

We report a case of a 16-year-old female patient harboring neurofibromatosis type 2 who presented with bilateral hearing impairment, which was on the left side, as well as facial paresis (House-Brackmann grade III) and ataxic gait. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exam evidenced bilateral lesions in the cerebellopontine angles (CPAs) with extension into the internal acoustic meatus, and an additional lesion in the right CPA with radiological characteristics of an epidermoid cyst. The patient was submitted to microsurgical resection, confirming a collision of a vestibular schwannoma and an epidermoid cyst in the right CPA. In the present case report, we describe the first case reported in the literature with preoperative diagnostic work-up, intraoperative findings, postoperative course of the patient, as well as a detailed literature review of these specific coinciding pathologies, denoting the importance of further genomic studies regarding multiple central nervous system (CNS) lesions.


Relatamos o caso de uma paciente de 16 anos de idade com neurofibromatose tipo II com deficiência auditiva bilateral, pior no ouvido esquerdo, assim como paresia facial (HouseBrackmann grau III) e ataxia. Estudo de ressonância magnética comprovou lesão bilateral nos ângulos cerebelopontinos (ACPs) com extensão ao meato acústico interno, e uma lesão adicional no ACP direito com características radiológicas de um cisto epidermoide. A paciente foi submetida a ressecção microcirúrgica, confirmando a colisão de um schwannoma vestibular com um cisto epidermoide no ACP direito. No presente estudo, descrevemos o primeiro caso relatado na literatura com trabalho diagnóstico pré-operatório, resultados intraoperatórios, evolução da paciente no pós-operatório, assim como revisão detalhada da literatura específica sobre essas patologias, demonstrando a importância de mais estudos genômicos sobre as múltiplas lesões do sistema nervoso central (SNC).


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Neuroma, Acoustic , Neurofibromatosis 2 , Epidermal Cyst , Cerebellopontine Angle/injuries
9.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 36(1): 71-74, 06/03/2017.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-911141

ABSTRACT

Fourth ventricular dilatation is usually seen along with tri-ventriculomegaly in patients with communicating hydrocephalus. Isolated fourth ventricular dilatation is uncommon, especially as a sequelae following infective or post hemorrhagic communicating hydrocephalus. Communicating hydrocephalus is reported in vestibular schwannoma with an incidence of 3.7 to 23.5%, but 4th ventricular dilatation following its treatment has not been reported in the literature. We report a novel case of isolated fourth ventricular obstruction following surgery for recurrent vestibular schwannoma and ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement for communicating hydrocephalus. Management strategies range from endoscopic procedures to ventricular shunt placement. We describe the surgical technique for the placement of a fourth ventricular shunt with the use of a Y connector.


Em pacientes com hidrocefalia comunicante, a dilatação do quarto ventrículo é normalmente vista acompanhada de triventriculomegalia. A dilatação do quarto ventrículo isolado é incomum, especialmente como uma sequela subsequente à hidrocefalia comunicante infecciosa ou hemorrágica. Hidrocefalia comunicante é relatada em schwannoma vestibular com incidência de 3,7 a 23,5%, mas a dilatação do quarto ventrículo subsequente ao tratamento não foi encontrada na literatura. Relatamos caso de obstrução do quarto ventrículo isolado subsequente a cirurgia para schwannoma vestibular recorrente e shunt ventriculoperitoneal para hidrocefalia comunicante. As estratégias de manejo variam de procedimentos endoscópicos a shunt ventricular. Descrevemos técnica cirúrgica para alocação de shunt do quarto ventrículo com o uso de conector Y.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Neuroma, Acoustic , Fourth Ventricle/pathology , Hydrocephalus
10.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 72(12): 925-930, 02/12/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-731041

ABSTRACT

The classical surgical technique for the resection of vestibular schwannomas (VS) has emphasized the microsurgical anatomy of cranial nerves. We believe that the focus on preservation of the arachnoid membrane may serve as a safe guide for tumor removal. Method The extracisternal approach is described in detail. We reviewed charts from 120 patients treated with this technique between 2006 and 2012. Surgical results were evaluated based on the extension of resection, tumor relapse, and facial nerve function. Results Overall gross total resection was achieved in 81% of the patients. The overall postoperative facial nerve function House-Brackmann grades I-II at one year was 93%. There was no recurrence in 4.2 years mean follow up. Conclusion The extracisternal technique differs from other surgical descriptions on the treatment of VS by not requiring the identification of the facial nerve, as long as we preserve the arachnoid envelope in the total circumference of the tumor. .


A técnica cirúrgica clássica para ressecção de schwannomas vestibulares enfatiza a anatomia microcirúrgica dos nervos cranianos. Acreditamos que o foco na preservação da membrana aracnóide pode servir como parâmetro seguro para a remoção do tumor. Método A abordagem extracisternal é descrita em detalhe. Analisamos o prontuário de 120 pacientes tratados com esta técnica entre 2006 e 2012. Os resultados cirúrgicos foram baseados em extensão de ressecção, recorrência tumoral e função do nervo facial. Resultados Ressecção total foi obtida em 81% dos pacientes. O resultado global da função do nervo facial (House-Brackmann graus I-II) após um ano da cirurgia foi de 93%. Não houve recidiva em um seguimento médio de 4,2 anos. Conclusão A técnica extracisternal difere de outras descrições cirúrgicas no tratamento de schwannoma vestibular pois não requer a identificação do nervo facial, contanto que o plano de aracnóide seja preservado em toda circunferência do tumor. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Arachnoid/surgery , Facial Nerve , Microsurgery/methods , Neuroma, Acoustic/surgery , Neurosurgical Procedures/methods , Organ Sparing Treatments/methods , Facial Nerve Injuries/prevention & control , Neuroma, Acoustic/pathology , Postoperative Complications , Postoperative Period , Retrospective Studies , Subarachnoid Space/surgery , Treatment Outcome , Tumor Burden
11.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 72(2): 195-202, ago. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-651905

ABSTRACT

Los schwannomas vestibulares son tumores benignos que habitualmente se presentan en forma esporádica y unilateral, pero pueden aparecer de manera bilateral en el contexto de una neurofibromatosis tipo 2 (NF2). En aquellos asociados a NF2 se han identificado mutaciones del gen NF2 que codifica para merlina, una proteína citoplasmática que se localiza primariamente en protrusiones celulares ricas en actina, y en sitios de contacto entre células y matriz extracelular. La evidencia sugiere que merlina ejerce un rol como proteína supresora de tumores ya que regula la cascada de activación de diversos tipos de receptores de factores de crecimiento celular De esta manera, el déficit de merlina provoca un patrón de proliferación celular aumentado, alteraciones del citoesqueleto, apoptosis disminuida, y un incremento de la adhesión a la matriz extracelular. Se han desarrollado terapias clínicas para la NF2 con anticuerpos monoclonales e inhibidores dirigidos contra distintas moléculas involucradas en las cascadas de señalización celular moduladas por merlina. En este artículo se revisan y discuten los mecanismos celulares dependientes de merlina y los diversos estudios clínicos y experimentales que se han probado en pacientes con NF2.


Vestibular schwannomas are benign tumors that may occur bilaterally in the context of neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). A mutation in the NF2 gene coding for merlin protein has been identified in those cases associated with NF2. Merlin is a cytoplasmic protein localized in actin rich cell protrusions, and near contact sites between cells and extracellular matrix. The evidence suggests that merlin plays a role as tumor suppressor protein, regulating the activation cascade of different types of receptors for cell growth factors. Thus, merlin deficiency causes a pattern of increased cell proliferation, cytoskeletal alterations, decreased apoptosis and increased cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix. Several clinical therapies have been developed for NF2 patients including monoclonal antibodies and inhibitors directed against different molecules involved in cell signaling cascades modulated by merlin. In this article we review and discuss cellular mechanisms dependent of merlin and some clinical and experimental studies that have been studied in patients with NF2.


Subject(s)
Humans , Neuroma, Acoustic/therapy , Neurofibromatosis 2/therapy , Neurofibromin 2/deficiency , Neuroma, Acoustic/complications , Neuroma, Acoustic/drug therapy , Neurofibromatosis 2/complications , Neurofibromatosis 2/drug therapy , Neoplasms/etiology
12.
Rev. argent. neurocir ; 24(4): 169-180, oct.-dic. 2010. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-590614

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Presentar nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento de los Schwannomas vestibulares quísticos comparándolos con lesiones sólidas. Material y método. Se evaluaron en forma retrospectiva los síntomas de presentación clínica, tasas de preservación facial, grado de resección quirúrgica, complicaciones postoperatorias y hallazgos histológicos de los Schwannomas quísticos pareados en base al tamaño tumoral con un grupo de lesiones sólidas. Resultados. Durante el período junio 1995 julio 2010, 27 pacientes con Schwannomas quísticos se operaron en nuestro Departamento. El diámetro promedio fue de 29,6 mm. Los síntomas de presentación clínica más frecuentes fueron la hipoacusia, inestabilidad en la marcha y parestesias faciales. Al año de cirugía, el 74% de los pacientes tenían función facial HB I-III sin diferencias significativas con el grupo de lesiones sólidas. La remoción completa fue 55,5% y 85% de los pacientes en las lesiones quísticas ysólidas respectivamente. Conclusión. Los Schwannomas quísticos deben ser evaluados en forma separada de las lesiones sólidas debido a que pueden crecer rápidamente, presentar mayor complejidad quirúrgica y desarrollar complicaciones postoperatorias con mayor frecuencia.


Objective. To present our experience treating this rare tumor variant.Material and Method. Retrospective evaluation of an institutional cystic vestibular schwannoma series, based on initial symptoms, rate of facial preservation, extent of surgical resection, postoperative complication rate and cystic lesion quantificationon histology in comparison to solid tumor type. Results. During the period June 1995-July 2010, 27 cysticschwannomas were operated on at the FLENI neurological Institute. Mean tumor diameter was 29,6mm. The most frequent presenting symptoms included hypoacusia, unsteadiness and facial paresthesias. One year after surgery, 74% of patients presented facial function HB I-III, showing no statistical difference in comparison to solid lesions. Complete surgical resectionwas possible in 55, 5% of the cystic and 85% of the solid tumor groups, respectively. Conclusion. Cystic vestibular schwannomas should be identified separately from vestibular schwannomas in general, particularlybecause they often undergo more rapid expansion, and may present greater surgical risk as well as higher rates ofpostoperative complications.


Subject(s)
Cysts , General Surgery , Neuroma, Acoustic
13.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 66(2a): 194-198, jun. 2008. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-484124

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Facial function is important in accompaniment of patients operated on vestibular schwannoma (VS). OBJETIVE: To evaluate long term facial nerve function in patients undergoing VS resection and to correlate tumor size and facial function in a long-term follow-up. METHOD: Transversal study of 20 patients with VS operated by the retrosigmoid approach. House-Brackmann Scale was used preoperatively, immediately after surgery and in a long-term follow-up. Student t test was applied for statistic analysis. RESULTS: In the immediate postoperative evaluation, 65 percent of patients presented FP of different grades. Improvement of facial nerve function (at least of one grade) occurred in 53 percent in the long-term follow-up. There was statistically significant difference in facial nerve outcome in long-term follow-up when tumor size was considered (p<0.05). Conclusion: The majority of patients had improvement of FP in a long-term follow-up and tumor size was detected to be a factor associated with the postoperative prognostic.


CONTEXTO: A função facial é importante para acompanhamento dos pacientes operados de schwannoma vestibular (SV). OBJETIVO: Avaliar o grau de paralisia facial (PF) em pacientes operados de SV, correlacionando tamanho do tumor com função facial na avaliação tardia. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal com análise seriada de 20 pacientes com SV operados pela via retrosigmóide-transmeatal. A Escala de House-Brackmann foi utilizada no pré-operatório, pós-operatório imediato e pós-operatório tardio. O teste t de Student foi aplicado para análise estatística. RESULTADOS: No pós-operatório imediato, 65 por cento dos pacientes apresentaram graus variados de PF, sendo que 53 por cento destes obtiveram melhora de pelo menos um grau de House-Brackmann na avaliação tardia. Houve diferença significativa no resultado da função facial no pós-operatório tardio quando o tamanho do tumor foi considerado (p<0.05).Conclusão: A maioria dos pacientes da amostra apresentou melhora da PF no pós-operatório tardio, sendo o tamanho do tumor um fator associado ao prognóstico.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Facial Paralysis/etiology , Neuroma, Acoustic/surgery , Cross-Sectional Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Facial Paralysis/diagnosis , Facial Paralysis/prevention & control , Neoplasm Staging , Neuroma, Acoustic/pathology , Neurosurgical Procedures/adverse effects , Neurosurgical Procedures/methods , Prognosis , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Treatment Outcome
14.
Rev. bras. otorrinolaringol ; 73(6): 867-871, nov.-dez. 2007. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-474430

ABSTRACT

A história natural dos schwannomas vestibulares ainda não está totalmente elucidada, mas sua maioria tende a apresentar crescimento lento, muitos permanecendo sem sintomas durante toda a vida do paciente. Cerca de 69 por cento deste tipo de tumor diagnosticados não apresentam crescimento e, destes, 16 por cento chegam a apresentar regressão tumoral. Considerando os tumores que apresentam crescimento, cerca de 70 por cento crescem menos de 2 mm ao ano. O avanço nos métodos de diagnóstico por imagem, particularmente à ressonância magnética com contraste de gadolínio, permite o diagnóstico cada vez mais de lesões com sintomas mínimos e tamanhos menores. O tratamento de escolha para estes tumores ainda é a ressecção completa do tumor. As técnicas cirúrgicas apresentaram grande avanço nas últimas décadas, o que possibilitou diminuição da mortalidade. Assim, a cirurgia, que antes tinha como objetivo apenas a ressecção completa do tumor, agora visa também à preservação da audição e da função do nervo facial. Considerações finais: Considerando-se sua história natural, abre-se a possibilidade de uma conduta conservadora já que o ritmo de crescimento no primeiro ano após o diagnóstico prediz o comportamento do tumor nos próximos anos. A conduta conservadora não implica em repúdio à cirurgia, devendo ser utilizada em casos de aumento tumoral, piora dos sintomas ou desejo do paciente. Além disso, em relatos de literatura não há diferença estatisticamente significante entre os pacientes submetidos à cirurgia logo após o diagnóstico ou após conduta conservadora inicial, no que diz respeito às seqüelas pós-operatórias.


The natural history of Vestibular Schwannomas (VS) is yet not totally known, but most of them have the tendency to slow growth, sometimes without any kind of symptoms during the individual’s entire time. About 69 percent of diagnosed VS do not grow at all and 16 percent of these can even regress. Considering tumors that grow, about 70 percent have grown less than 2mm an year. Advanced radiological diagnosis, especially magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium helps us diagnose small and less symptomatic tumors. Treatment of choice still is complete tumor resection. Surgical approaches have improved considerably and have helped preserve facial nerve function and hearing. Considering VS’s natural history, there is a possibility for conservative treatment for these tumors, because their growth in the first year after diagnosis predicts tumor growth behavior in the next years. Surgery should be done in cases of tumor growth, patient’s desire or symptoms worsening. Moreover, in terms of postoperative sequelae, there is no difference between patients who underwent surgery immediately after diagnosis and those who underwent initial conservative treatment for these tumors.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous/pathology , Neuroma, Acoustic/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging
15.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 65(3a): 605-609, set. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-460795

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the result of the surgical treatment of vestibular schwannoma (VS) operated in dorsal decubitus (mastoid position). METHOD: 240 patients with a VS underwent a retrosigmoid craniotomy for tumor resection in dorsal decubitus (mastoid position). The function of 7th and 8th cranial nerves was monitored during surgery and the opened internal auditory canal (IAC) was reconstructed using a vascularized dura flap, muscle and fibrin glue. RESULTS: Complete tumor removal was achieved in 99 percent of the cases, with a mortality of 1.6 percent. The facial nerve function was preserved in 85 percent of cases and hearing in 40 percent of the patients (with preoperative hearing) with tumors of up 1.5 cm in diameter. The incidence of cerebrospinal fluid leak was 5.8 percent and meningitis 2.9 percent. Venous air embolism was registered in 3 percent of cases; it was not associated to mortality. CONCLUSION: Surgical removal of VS in dorsal position has several advantages; the morbidity and mortality are very low.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar o resultado do tratamento cirúrgico de pacientes portadores de schwannoma do vestibular (SV) operados em decúbito dorsal (posição de mastóide). MÉTODO: 240 pacientes foram submetidos a craniotomia retrosigmóide na posição de mastóide. A função do VII e VIII nervos cranianos foi monitorizada durante a cirurgia e a reconstrução da abertura do conduto auditivo interno foi realizada com retalho vascularizado de dura-mater, músculo e cola de fibrina. RESULTADOS: A exérese foi completa em 99 por cento dos casos, com mortalidade de 1,6 por cento. Houve preservação da função do nervo facial em 85 por cento dos casos e da audição em 40 por cento dos pacientes com audição prévia e tumores menores de 1,5 cm. A incidência de fístula liquórica foi 5,8 por cento e meningite 2,9 por cento. Embolia gasosa foi registrada em 3 por cento dos casos, não associada à mortalidade. CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento cirúrgico dos SV utilizando-se a posição de mastóide tem várias vantagens, com baixa morbidade e mortalidade.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cranial Nerve Neoplasms/surgery , Craniotomy/standards , Neuroma, Acoustic/surgery , Supine Position , Vestibulocochlear Nerve Diseases/surgery , Vestibulocochlear Nerve/surgery , Cranial Nerve Neoplasms/pathology , Craniotomy/methods , Dura Mater/surgery , Fibrin Tissue Adhesive/therapeutic use , Microsurgery/standards , Neuroma, Acoustic/pathology , Surgical Flaps/pathology , Treatment Outcome , Tissue Adhesives/therapeutic use , Vestibulocochlear Nerve Diseases/pathology , Vestibulocochlear Nerve/pathology
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