Quality of life and self-perceived oral health among workers from a furniture industry

Oral health problems have more and more been recognized as important causers of negativeimpact to workers in the daily activities and quality of life. Aim: To identify the profile and selfperceivedoral health among workers from a furniture industry. Methods: Data were obtainedfrom a cross-sectional study in which the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHIP 14 – shortform) was applied to the workers focusing on their demographic profile and self-perceived oralhealth Results: 111 workers out of a total of 170 agreed to participate in the study; 84.68% (n=94)were men and the majority was under 35 years of age (68.81%, n=75). The following resultswere obtained for the different parameters evaluated: level of education, occupation, mean frequencyof toothbrushing (number of times per day) (3.19), general health, dry mouth (7.2%, n=8),smoking (15.32 %, n=17), gingival bleeding (51.35%, n=57) and use of medications for toothacherelief (38.74%, n=43). The mean OHIP value found was 0.51. Significant association was foundbetween the mean OHIP value and general health and gingival bleeding. No significant associationwas found between the use of medications for toothache relief and gingival bleeding (p=0.729) ordry mouth (p=0.704). Significant association was found between use of medications for toothacherelief and smoking (p=0.007). Conclusions: Knowing the habits and the profile of workers is arelevant factor to promote an oral health attention in the context of the occupational health; gingivalbleeding was a strong indicator in self-perceived oral health and workers’ quality of life.

Desenvolvimento e investigação de propriedades psicométricas da escala motivacional para porte de arma (EMPA) / Development and investigation of psychometric features of the motivation scale for a license to carry a gun (MSLCG)

Esta investigação teve como objetivo desenvolver e investigar algumas propriedades psicométricas da Escala Motivacional para Porte de Arma (EMPA). O instrumento foi elaborado a partir de escalas existentes na literatura internacional juntamente com grupos focais com civis e militares sobre a motivação para o uso de armas. A primeira versão da EMPA foi formada por 51 itens e aplicada em 550 respondentes, com idades de 18 a 86 anos (Média= 28 anos, DP= 13,75 anos). Os dados foram analisados por meio de análise fatorial exploratória com o método dos componentes principais e rotação Varimax. A versão final da EMPA possui 36 itens, com 48% da variância explicada e índices adequados de consistência interna.

This study aimed to develop and investigate some psychometrics properties of The Motivational Scale for a License to Carry a Gun (MSLCG). The instrument was elaborated from international scales and focus groups with civil and militaries participants about the motivation for using guns. MSLCG was composed by 51 items and was responded by 550 participants, aged 18 to 86 (Mean= 28 years, SD = 13.75 years). Data were analyzed using the exploratory factor analysis with the main components method and Varimax rotation. The final solution has 36 items with 48% of the variance explained and good scores of internal consistence.

La escala de autoestima de Rosenberg: Validación para Chile en una muestra de jóvenes adultos, adultos y adultos mayores / Rosenberg self-esteem scale: Validation in a representative sample of Chilean adults

Background: Self-esteem is positively associated to the well being of people and could be a good mental health indicator. Aim: To determine the reliability and validity of the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale in a Chilean adult sample. Material and methods: The instrument was applied to 473 subjects living in the Metropolitan Region of Santiago, evenly distributed according to gender, age, educational level and income. The Neugarten Life Satisfaction index (LSI-A) was also applied to the sample. Results: Cronbach's alpha for reliability of the scale was 0.754. There was no gender bias and factor analysis grouped items into two factors (5positive and 5 negative). The instrument had a correlation of 0.455 with the LSI-A. Conclusions: The Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale meets the criteria for validity and reliability of a quality instrument to measure self-esteem in Chile.

Diferenças biopsicossociais entre idosos de instituição asilar particular e filantrópica da cidade de Porto Alegre / Biopsychosocial differences between elderly residents of private and phylantropic nursing homes in thecity of Porto Alegre

Objetivos: avaliar as principais diferenças e semelhanças entre idosos residentes em uma instituição asilar filantrópica (SPAAN) e outra privada (Lar Israelita) da cidade de Porto Alegre. Métodos: os dados foram coletados a partir de um instrumento, aplicado por estudantes de medicina, o qual contém informações biopsicossociais dos idosos selecionados por apresentarem condições cognitivas e concordaram em participar da pesquisa. Resultados: foram entrevistados 55 idosos, 25 do grupo SPAAN e 30 do grupo Israelita. Características similares e contrastantes foram observadas nos dois grupos. Em ambas as instituições as mulheres foram mais prevalentes. Atividades sócio-recreativas que não exigem esforço físico foram as mais referidas em ambos os grupos: conversar com amigos (50%) e hábito da leitura (48%). Motivos do asilamento foram similares: carência familiar, viuvez e solidão (47,3%), seguido de vontade própria (38%). Caminhada foi a atividade física mais frequente no grupo SPAAN, enquanto ginástica a mais frequente no grupo Israelita. A saúde (60%), família (49%), amor (26%) e respeito (26%) foram os valores mais importantes para os entrevistados. O grupo SPAAN apresentava melhor auto-avaliação de saúde e menor frequência de dependências que o outro grupo.Conclusões: este estudo possibilitou o conhecimen-to da situação dos idosos de duas instituições asilares distintas. Idosos de instituição filantrópica parecem ter mais necessidades básicas de alimentação e moradia e menos dependência física, enquanto residentes de instituição privada têm necessidades específicas de cuidado de saúde.

Aims: To evaluate the main differences and similarities between two groups of elderly residents from a philanthropic (SPAAN group) and a private (Israelita group) nursing homes in the city of Porto Alegre. Methods: The data were collected through an instrument applied by medical students. The questionnaire collected bio-psychosocial information of the elderly, who had to be cognitively able to answer and who agreed to participate on the study. Results: Fifty-five elderly subjects were interviewed. Twenty-five were from SPAAN group and thirty were from Israelita group. We have found similarities and differences between the two groups. In both groups women were more frequent. The most commonly reported socio-recreational activities in both groups were activities that did not require physical effort, such as chatting with friends (50%) and reading (48%). Reasons for institutionalization were also similar in both groups: lack of family support, widowhood, and loneliness (47%), followed by self-wiliness (38%). Walking was the most frequent type of physical activity in SPAAN group, while gymnastics was the most frequent one in Israelita group. Health (60%), family (49%), love (26%), and respect (26%) were the most important values for the interviewed. SPAAN group reported better self-assessed health status and lower frequency of physical impairments then the other group.Conclusions: This study enabled a better understanding of the elderly situation of two distinct nursing homes. Elderly subjects from philanthropic institutions seem to have more basic needs of housing and feeding and less physical impairments, while private institutionalized residents have specific health care needs.

Desenvolvimento e validade fatorial do Inventário do Clima Familiar (ICF) para adolescentes / Development and factorial validity of Family Climate Inventory (FCI) for adolescents / Desarrolloy validez factorial del Inventario del Clima Familiar(ICF) para adolescentes

O clima familiar refere-se à percepção de diversas características dos relacionamentos intrafamiliares pelos seus membros. A avaliação desse construto pode contribuir para o entendimento tanto teórico quanto clínico da dinâmica familiar. O presente estudo buscou desenvolver e investigar as propriedades psicométricas do inventário do clima familiar (ICF) para adolescentes. Participaram 276 adolescentes com idades entre 12 e 18 anos (média = 13,84, DP = 1,60), oriundos de escolas públicas e particulares. Os participantes responderam a uma versão empírica do ICF (32 itens) que investiga o clima familiar por meio de quatro fatores: coesão, apoio, hierarquia e conflito. Análises fatoriais exploratórias reduziram o número de itens do ICF para 22, com 41,88 por cento de variância explicada. Análises com o alfa de Cronbach mostraram índices de consistência interna satisfatórias. Esses resultados foram apoiados por análises fatoriais confirmatórias posteriores, indicando que o ICF possui propriedades psicométricas adequadas e que pode ser uma importante ferramenta na investigação das relações familiares.

The family climate refers to the perception of several features of family relationships by its members. The evaluation of this construct can contribute as for the theoretical understanding as for clinical comprehension of family dynamics. This study intended to develop and investigate the Family Climate Inventory (FCI) psychometrics properties for teenagers. Participated 276 teenagers with ages between 12 and 18 years from public and private schools. Participants responded to an empirical version of FCI (32 items), which investigated the family climate trough four factors: cohesion, support, hierarchy and conflict. Exploratory factorial analysis reduced the items number of FCI to 22 with 41.88 percent of explained variance. Analysis with Cronbach’s Alpha showed good internal consistency. These results were supported by confirmatory factorial analysis, indicating that FCI has adequate psychometrics properties and can be an important strategy on family relationships investigations.

El clima familiar se refiere a percepción de las diversas características de las relaciones intrafamiliar de sus miembros. La evaluación de este constructo puede contribuir tanto a la comprensión teórica cuanto clínica de la dinámica familiar. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo desarrollar y investigar las propiedades psicométricas del inventario del clima familiar (ICF) para adolescentes. Tomaran parte 276 adolescentes de edades comprendidas entre los 12 y los 18 años (media = 13,84, SD = 1,60), de escuelas públicas y privadas. Los participantes responderán una versión empírica del ICF (32 artículos), que investiga el clima familiar a través de cuatro factores: cohesión, apoyo, jerarquía y conflicto. Análisis factorial exploratoria redujo el número de artículos en el ICF a 22 con 41,88 por ciento de varianza explicada. Análisis con alpha del Cronbach liberan indexe de coherencia interna adecuadas. Estos resultados fueron apoyados por análisis factoriales confirmatorias, indicando que el ICF tiene adecuadas propiedades psicométricas y puede ser una herramienta importante en la investigación de las relaciones familiares.

The development and application of multidimensional sub-health questionnaire of adolescents (MSQA) / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To develop the multidimensional sub-health questionnaire of adolescents(MSQA)which is suitable for Chinese adolescents.Methods The original questionnaire was composed of 101 items related to physical and psychological domains and six dimensions.Different statistic methods were taken to do item analysis,reliability and validity evaluation.Results The final MSQA was composed of 71 items.The test-retest correlation coefficient,Cronbach's ? coefficient and split-half reliability coefficient of the questionnaire were 0.868,0.958,0.942,respectively.Taking SCL-90 and CMI as criterion,the criterion-related validity were 0.636,0.649,respectively.The structure of MSQA from factor analysis identified with the original designs.Both of scores and the number of items,which sub-health symptoms lasted for more than one month,on physical,psychological domains and overall questionnaire in first test,were higher than the later one among freshmen.Scores and the number of items for grade one high school students were lower than those of grade three students.Conclusions The MSQA is successfully developed with good reliability and validity coefficient,and can be promoted in large sample population.

O significado de aprender a pesquisar durante a graduação / The meaning of learning how to research during graduation

O trabalho apóia-se na seguinte inquietação: Como o aluno de graduação percebe o seu processo de aprendizagem da pesquisa? O objetivo foi compreender o significado de aprender a pesquisar para o aluno. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo utilizando o referencial de Bardin. O instrumento de coleta de dados continha duas questões norteadoras aplicados a 42 alunos do Currículo de Transição e a 49 alunos do Currículo Integrado do curso de Enfermagem da UEL. A análise dos discursos dos sujeitos permitiu a construção de cinco categorias compostas por subcategorias temáticas que desvelam o significado de aprender pesquisar para esses alunos. O olhar sobre os dados permitiu perceber que a aprendizagem da pesquisa é um processo dinâmico, complexo e constante que requer tempo para o seu desenvolvimento.

This paper is based on the following inquiry: how do the students realize their research learning process? The aim was to understand the meaning of learning how to research to students. It is a qualitative study that uses the Bardin referential. The sheet used to collect the data had the two guideline questions and were applied to 42 students of the Transition Curriculum and to 49 students of the Integrated Curriculum at UEL Nursing Course. The assessment of the speeches allowed the gathering of five groups segmented into thematic subgroups that unfold the students' meaning of learning. This approach has permitted the acknowledgement that research learning is a complex, dynamic and constant process which requires time they can develop their competence in research.

Este trabajo parte de la siguiente inquietud: ¿Cómo el alumno percibe su proceso de aprendizaje de la investigación? El objetivo del estudio ha sido comprender el significado de aprender a investigar para el alumno. Se trata de estudio cualitativo utilizando el referencial de Bardin. El instrumento de colecta de datos contenía dos cuestiones que nortean aplicados para 42 alumnos del Currículo de Transición y 49 alunmos del Currículo Integrado del Curso de Enfermería de la UEL. El análisis de los discursos de los sujetos permitió la construcción de cinco categorías compuestas por subcategorías temáticas que desvelan el significado de aprender a investigar. El mirar sobre los datos ha permitido percibir que el aprendizaje de la investigación es un proceso dinámico, complejo y constante que requiere tiempo para el alumno desenvolver su habilidad en investigación.

Psychological problem self-measurement in serviceman / 第二军医大学学报

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of psychological problem and its influence factors in serviceman.Methods:A total of 362 serviceman were measured with SCL 90, and the state of body,cognition,emotion and social function, etc .were analyzed.Results:(1) The grand mean,positive items,positive symptom mean,partial factorial score of serviceman were higher than that of normal Chinese;(2) The factors influencing psychological health of serviceman included education,only child,environment,single family and so on.(3)There were obvious correlation between single parent family and somatization,interpersonal relations and anxiety,between growing environment and anancasm,interpersonal relation, and between only child and interpersonal relation,phobia.Conclusion:The psychological problems of serviceman are cognition,emotion and interpersonal relations,this may be correlated with their psychological characteristics and army particularity.