Ankyloglossia severity in infants: maternal pain, self-efficacy, and functional aspects of breastfeeding / Gravidade da anquiloglossia em bebês: dor materna, autoeficácia e aspectos funcionais do aleitamento materno

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze functional aspects of breastfeeding, self-efficacy, and pain reported by mothers during breastfeeding, in newborns with severe and mild ankyloglossia. Methods: This is an observational study, carried out with 81 babies with ankyloglossia, assessed by the Bristol Tongue Assessment Tool (severe: scores 0-3; mild: scores 4-6) nested in a cohort carried out at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, Brazil. The functional aspects of breastfeeding were analyzed using the Breastfeeding Observation Form of the United Nations Children's Fund (BOF-UNICEF) and the LATCH Scoring System. Breastfeeding self-efficacy was measured using the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale — Short-Form. Pain indicators were evaluated by the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire. The significance level adopted was 5%. Results: Maternal age was 26.7±0.8 years, and 64.2% reported high school education. Most babies were male (67.9%), and the birth weight was 3232±60g. A significant association was detected in the sucking aspect evaluated by the BOF-UNICEF [β=0.22 (95%CI 0.07; 0.73), p-value=0.013]. However, the groups did not differ in the assessment of breastfeeding performed by the LATCH scale. The groups had no differences in the assessment of breastfeeding self-efficacy reported by mothers, and in pain scores. Conclusions: Despite the observation of sucking difficulty in infants with severe ankyloglossia., the quality of breastfeeding in general, maternal pain, and self-efficacy reported by mothers do not differ when compared with infants with mild ankyloglossia. Therefore, the severity of ankyloglossia seems not to affect the breastfeeding indicators.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar aspectos funcionais da amamentação, autoeficácia e dor relatada pelas mães durante a amamentação, em recém-nascidos com anquiloglossia grave e leve. Métodos: Estudo observacional, realizado com 81 bebês diagnosticados com anquiloglossia avaliados pelo Bristol Tongue Assessment Tool (grave: escores 0-3; leve: escores: 4-6), aninhados em um estudo de coorte realizado no Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Brasil. Os aspectos funcionais do aleitamento materno foram analisados por meio do Formulário de Observação da Amamentação do Fundo Internacional para a Infância das Nações Unidas (BOF-UNICEF) e da Escala LATCH. Aautoeficácia foi mensurada por meio da Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale — Short-Form. Os indicadores de dor foram avaliados pelo Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Resultados: A idade materna foi 26,7±0,8 anos, e 64,2% concluíram o ensino médio. A maioria dos recém-nascidos era do sexo masculino (67,9%), e o peso ao nascer foi 3232±60g. Foi detectada associação significante no aspecto da sucção avaliado pelo BOF-UNICEF [β=0,22 (IC95% 0,07; 0,73), p=0,013]. No entanto, os grupos não diferiram na avaliação do aleitamento materno realizada pela escala LATCH. Os grupos não apresentaram diferenças na avaliação da autoeficácia em amamentar relatada pelas mães e no escore de dor. Conclusões: Apesar de ter sido observada dificuldade de sucção em lactentes com anquiloglossia grave, a qualidade da amamentação em geral, a dor materna e a autoeficácia relatada pelas mães não diferem quando comparadas com as de lactentes com anquiloglossia leve. Assim, a gravidade da anquiloglossia parece não afetar os indicadores de amamentação.

Aleitamento materno exclusivo e uso da bolsa canguru em bebês a termo entre o primeiro e segundo mês de idade / Exclusive breastfeeding and the use of kangaroo slings among full-term infants between their first and second months of age / Amamantamiento materno exclusivo y uso de la bolsa canguro en bebés a término entre el primer y segundo mes de edad

Objetivo: verificar a associação entre o uso da bolsa canguru, desde a maternidade até o domicílio, e aleitamento materno exclusivo, entre o 1o e 2o mês de idade, em bebês a termo saudáveis; identificar o nível de autoeficácia para o aleitamento materno, das mães que utilizaram a bolsa canguru. Métodos: estudo transversal com mães que receberam uma bolsa canguru após o parto, na maternidade, e foram orientadas sobre manterem seus bebês nesta postura, pelo menos uma hora por dia. Entre um e dois meses após o nascimento, foram investigadas a frequência do uso da bolsa canguru, autoeficácia materna da amamentação e tipo de alimentação dos bebês. Para análise foi empregado o teste ꭓ2 ou Exato de Fisher e o coeficiente V de Cramer (p < 0,05). Resultados: participaram 98 mães. Todas utilizaram a bolsa canguru no alojamento conjunto, 39,8% utilizaram três ou mais vezes por semana, no domicílio entre o primeiro e segundo mês após o parto; 70,4% dos bebês permaneceram em Aleitamento Materno Exclusivo (AME), o nível da autoeficácia materna para amamentação foi alto. AME esteve associado ao uso da bolsa canguru no domicílio (p = 0,014). Conclusão: bebês a termo saudáveis podem se beneficiar do uso da bolsa canguru desde a maternidade, estendido até o domicílio.

Objectives: to verify the association between kangaroo slings used from maternity hospital to home, and exclusive breastfeeding among healthy full-term babies between the 1st and 2nd months of age; to identify breastfeeding self-efficacy level of those mothers using a kangaroo sling. Method: this cross-sectional study addressed mothers who received a kangaroo sling after giving birth, at maternity hospital, and were instructed to keep the babies in this posture at least one hour daily. The frequency with which the mothers used the kangaroo sling, breastfeeding self-efficacy, and the type of feeding were investigated between one and two months after delivery. ꭓ2 or Fisher's exact test and Cramer's V coefficient (p < 0.05) were adopted in the analysis. Results: ninety-eight mothers participated in the study. All of them used the kangaroo sling in rooming-in; 39.8% used it three or more times a week at home between the 1st and 2nd months after giving birth; 70.4% of the babies remained on Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF), the level of breastfeeding self-efficacy was high, and EBF was associated with the use of a kangaroo sling at home (p = 0.014). Conclusion: healthy full-term babies can benefit from using a kangaroo sling, starting at the maternity hospital and extending its use to home.

Objetivo: verificar la asociación entre el uso de la bolsa canguro, desde la maternidad hasta el domicilio, y amamantamiento materno exclusivo, entre el 1o e 2o mes de edad, en bebés a término saludables; identificar el nivel de autoeficacia para el amamantamiento materno, de las madres que utilizaron la bolsa canguro. Métodos: estudio transversal con madres que recibieron una bolsa canguro después del parto, en la maternidad, y fueron orientadas sobre mantener sus bebés en esta postura, por lo menos una hora por día. Entre uno y dos meses después del nacimiento, fueron investigadas la frecuencia del uso de la bolsa canguro, autoeficacia materna del amamantamiento y tipo de alimentación de los bebés. Para el análisis fue empleado el test ꭓ2 o Exacto de Fisher y el coeficiente V de Cramer (p < 0,05). Resultados: participaron 98 madres. Todas utilizaron la bolsa canguro en alojamiento conjunto, 39,8% utilizaron tres o más veces por semana, en el domicilio entre el primero y segundo mes después el parto; 70,4%, de los bebés, permaneció en Lactancia Materno Exclusivo (LME); el nivel de la autoeficacia materna para amamantamiento fue alto. El LME estuvo asociado al uso de la bolsa canguro en el domicilio (p = 0,014). Conclusión: bebés a término saludables pueden beneficiarse del uso de la bolsa canguro desde la maternidad, extendido hasta el domicilio.

Evidence of validity of the Brazilian version of the Cancer Behavior Inventory - Brief Version / Evidencia de validez de la versión brasileña del Cancer Behavior Inventory - Brief Version / Evidências de validade da versão brasileira do Cancer Behavior Inventory - Brief Version

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the validity evidence of the Brazilian version of the Cancer Behavior Inventory - Brief Version. Method: Methodological study, conducted between November and December 2021, with 140 patients undergoing hospital cancer treatment in João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. Psychometric analyses were performed in the adapted version, using exploratory factor analysis and correlation with correlated constructs. Results: A two-factor and 10-item model was evidenced. The cumulative variance explained about 61% the shared variance of the items. Satisfactory values were observed for the factors in the analyses of composite reliability (0.89 and 0.91, respectively), internal consistency (0.86 and 0.91, respectively) and ORION (0.89 and 0.85, respectively). The expected correlations of self-efficacy with quality of life (convergent) and with anxiety and depression (divergent) were evident. Conclusion: The Brazilian version of the instrument showed evidence of validity, being considered reliable to assess the self-efficacy of patients undergoing cancer treatment.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar las evidencias de validez de la versión brasileña del Cancer Behavior Inventory - Brief Version. Método: Estudio metodológico, realizado entre noviembre y diciembre de 2021, con 140 pacientes en tratamiento oncológico hospitalario en João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil. Se realizaron análisis psicométricos en la versión adaptada, mediante análisis factorial exploratorio y correlación con constructos correlacionados. Resultados: Se evidenció un modelo de 2 factores y 10 ítems. La varianza acumulada explicó alrededor del 61% de la varianza compartida de los ítems. Se observaron valores satisfactorios para los factores en el análisis de confiabilidad compuesta (0,89 y 0,91, respectivamente), consistencia interna (0,86 y 0,91, respectivamente) y ORION (0,89 y 0,85, respectivamente). Se evidenciaron las correlaciones esperadas de la autoeficacia con la calidad de vida (convergente) y con la ansiedad y la depresión (divergente). Conclusión: La versión brasileña del instrumento mostró evidencias de validez, siendo considerado confiable para evaluar la autoeficacia de pacientes en tratamiento oncológico.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as evidências de validade da versão brasileira do Cancer Behavior Inventory - Brief Version. Método: Estudo metodológico, realizado entre os meses de novembro e dezembro de 2021, com 140 pacientes em tratamento oncológico hospitalar em João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil. Foram realizadas análises psicométricas na versão adaptada, mediante a análise fatorial exploratória e correlação com constructos correlacionados. Resultados: Evidenciou-se um modelo de 2 fatores e 10 itens. A variância acumulada explicou cerca de 61% da variância compartilhada dos itens. Foram observados valores satisfatórios para os fatores nas análises de confiabilidade composta (0,89 e 0,91, respectivamente), consistência interna (0,86 e 0,91, respectivamente) e ORION (0,89 e 0,85, respectivamente). Evidenciaram-se as correlações esperadas da autoeficácia com a qualidade de vida (convergente) e com a ansiedade e depressão (divergente). Conclusão: A versão brasileira do instrumento mostrou evidências de validade, sendo considerada como confiável para avaliar a autoeficácia dos pacientes em tratamento oncológico.

Influence of self-efficiency beliefs on the health and well-being of university students in COVID-19 / Influencia de las creencias de autoeficiencia en la salud y el bienestar de los estudiantes universitarios en COVID-19 / Influência das crenças de autoeficácia na saúde e bem-estar de estudantes universitários na COVID-19

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze general self-efficacy beliefs in university students during the COVID-19 pandemic and their correlation with psychological well-being and anxiety and depressive symptoms. Method: Cross-sectional study, carried out with nursing, medicine and psychology students from a higher education institution in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The sample consisted of 329 students and data collection took place through a questionnaire and scales, from August to December 2020. Mann-Whitney test and Spearman's correlation coefficient were used for analysis of the variables. Results: Participants' self-efficacy was median (34.3±7.5). Higher self-efficacy scores were correlated with better psychological well-being (p<0.001; r= -0.582) and absence of anxiety (p<0.001) and depressive (p<0.001) symptoms. Conclusion: High self-efficacy beliefs were associated with better mental health outcomes. Strengthening self-efficacy in universities can help improve students' health behaviors and prevent mental illness.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar las creencias generales de autoeficacia en estudiantes universitarios durante la pandemia de COVID-19 y su correlación con el bienestar psicológico y la sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva. Método: Estudio transversal, realizado con estudiantes de enfermería, medicina y psicología de una institución de enseñanza superior del estado de São Paulo, Brasil. La muestra estuvo conformada por 329 estudiantes y la recolección de datos se realizó a través de cuestionario y escalas, de agosto a diciembre de 2020. Para el análisis de las variables se utilizó la prueba de Mann-Whitney y el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman. Resultados: La autoeficacia de los participantes fue mediana (34,3±7,5). Las puntuaciones más altas de autoeficacia se correlacionaron con un mejor bienestar psicológico (p<0,001; r= -0,582) y ausencia de síntomas de ansiedad (p<0,001) y depresivos (p<0,001). Conclusión: Las creencias de alta autoeficacia se asociaron con mejores resultados de salud mental. Fortalecer la autoeficacia en las universidades puede ayudar a mejorar los comportamientos de salud de los estudiantes y prevenir enfermedades mentales.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as crenças de autoeficácia geral em universitários, durante a pandemia da covid-19 e sua correlação com bem-estar psicológico e sintomas ansiosos e depressivos. Método: Estudo transversal, desenvolvido com estudantes de enfermagem, medicina e psicologia de instituição de ensino superior do estado de São Paulo, Brasil. A amostra foi de 329 estudantes e a coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de questionário e escalas, de agosto a dezembro de 2020.Utilizaram-se o teste Mann-Whitney e coeficiente de correlação de Spearman para análise das variáveis. Resultados: A autoeficácia dos participantes foi mediana (34,3±7,5). Maiores escores de autoeficácia foram correlacionados a melhor estado de bem-estar psicológico (p<0,001; r= -0,582) e ausência de sintomas ansiosos (p<0,001) e depressivos (p<0,001). Conclusão: Crenças elevadas de autoeficácia foram associadas a melhores desfechos em saúde mental. O fortalecimento da autoeficácia nas universidades pode ajudar a melhorar os comportamentos de saúde dos estudantes e prevenir doenças mentais.

Interventions for Strengthening General Self-Efficacy Beliefs in College Students: An Integrative Review / Intervenciones para Fortalecer las Creencias de Autoeficacia General en Estudiantes Universitarios: Revisión Integrativa / Intervenções para Fortalecimento das Crenças de Autoeficácia Geral em Estudantes Universitários: Revisão Integrativa

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions aimed at strengthening self-efficacy beliefs in college students. Methods: Integrative Review conducted on the Lilacs, PubMed, CinahL, Cochrane Collaboration Databases, Scopus, and PsycInfo databases. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using tools proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute, and the results were analyzed descriptively. Results: Out of the 10 selected studies, six demonstrated that interventions aimed at strengthening self-efficacy were effective (Levels of Evidence II and III), and four revealed contrary results (Levels of Evidence I and II). Programs aimed at enhancing self-efficacy should include content on positive mental health, psychoeducation strategies, cover a period of eight to twelve weeks, and consider the completion of homework assignments. Conclusion: The synthesis of evidence pointed to pathways for building an effective self-efficacy strengthening program to be implemented in universities.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar las evidencias sobre la efectividad de las intervenciones para fortalecer las creencias de autoeficacia en estudiantes universitarios. Métodos: Revisión Integrativa realizada en las bases de datos Lilacs, PubMed, CinahL, Cochrane Collaboration Databases, Scopus y PsycInfo. La calidad metodológica de los estudios se evaluó utilizando herramientas propuestas por el Instituto Joanna Briggs y los resultados se analizaron de forma descriptiva. Resultados: De los 10 estudios seleccionados, seis demostraron que las intervenciones para fortalecer la autoeficacia fueron efectivas (niveles de evidencia II y III) y cuatro arrojaron resultados contrarios (niveles de evidencia I y II). Los programas dirigidos al fortalecimiento de la autoeficacia deben incluir contenido sobre salud mental positiva, estrategias de psicoeducación, abarcar un período de ocho a doce semanas y considerar la realización de ejercicios para hacer en casa. Conclusión: La síntesis de evidencia señala el camino para la construcción de un programa efectivo de fortalecimiento de las creencias de autoeficacia que debe implementarse en las universidades.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar as evidências sobre a efetividade das intervenções para fortalecer as crenças de autoeficácia em universitários. Métodos: Revisão Integrativa, realizada nas bases de dados Lilacs, PubMed, CinahL, Cochrane Collaboration Databases, Scopus e PsycInfo. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos foi avaliada por meio de ferramentas propostas pelo Joanna Briggs Institute e os resultados foram analisados de forma descritiva. Resultados: Dos 10 estudos selecionados, seis demonstraram que as intervenções para fortalecer a autoeficácia foram efetivas (níveis de evidências II e III) e quatro revelaram resultados contrários (níveis de evidências I e II). Os programas direcionados ao fortalecimento da autoeficácia devem possuir conteúdo sobre saúde mental positiva, estratégias de psicoeducação, abranger o período de oito a doze semanas e considerar a realização de exercícios para casa. Conclusão: A síntese das evidências apontou caminhos para a construção de um programa efetivo de fortalecimento das crenças de autoeficácia a ser implementado em universidades.

Resultados de "Tomando Control de su Salud" online, en personas con enfermedades no transmisibles de México y Perú durante COVID-19 / Results of "Tomando Control de su Salud" online, in people with non-communicable diseases in Mexico and Peru during COVID-19

Las enfermedades no transmisibles (ENT) son una creciente preocupación global que afecta tanto a la atención médica como a la calidad de vida. Los programas de automanejo de enfermedades crónicas como el denominado "Tomando Control de su Salud" (TCS), se han vuelto estrategias efectivas para abordar este problema. OBJETIVO: Evaluar el resultado del programa TCS, versión en línea, en las variables automanejo y autoeficacia, en muestras de personas con ENT de México y Perú, durante la pandemia por COVID-19. METODOLOGÍA: El diseño del estudio fue cuasiexperimental con mediciones independientes (intervenidos y controles) y mediciones en línea, al inicio y término de la intervención; evaluadas con Partners in Health Scale y la Escala de Autoeficacia. Los cambios en el tiempo se examinaron mediante la prueba de Wilcoxon. RESULTADOS: De los 114 participantes, la mayoría eran mujeres (83.3%) con una edad promedio de 58.8 años. Antes de la intervención, los grupos fueron iguales en las variables de estudio. No se encontró ningún aumento significativo en las variables de estudio en el grupo control, sin embargo, hubo un aumento estadísticamente significativo en la autoeficacia y automanejo en el grupo intervenido. CONCLUSIONES: El programa TCS en línea contribuyó al aumento de la autoeficacia, el automanejo, el conocimiento de la enfermedad, la adherencia al tratamiento y el manejo de síntomas en participantes con ENT de México y Perú durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Esto respalda la evidencia de que el programa mejora la salud y la calidad de vida de quienes viven con estas enfermedades.

Non-communicable diseases (NCD) are a growing global concern that affects both healthcare and quality of life. Chronic disease self-management programs, such as "Tomando Control de su Salud" (TCS), have become effective strategies to address this problem. PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of the TCS program, online version, in the self-management and self-efficacy variables, in samples of people with NCD from Mexico and Peru, during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODOLOGY: The study design was quasi-experimental with independent measurements (interventions and controls) and online measurements, at the beginning and end of the intervention; evaluated with the Partners in Health Scale and the Self-Efficacy Scale. Changes over time were examined using the Wilcoxon test. RESULTS: Out of the 114 participants, most were women (83.3%) with an average age of 58.8 years. Before the intervention, the groups were equal in the study variables. No significant increase in the study variables was found in the control group; however, there was a statistically significant increase in self-efficacy and self-management in the intervention group. CONCLUSIONS: The online TCS program contributed to increased self-efficacy, self-management, disease knowledge, treatment adherence, and symptom management in participants with NCD from Mexico and Peru during the COVID-19 pandemic. This supports evidence that the program improves the health and quality of life of those living with these illnesses.

Autoeficacia de cuidadores informales de personas en cuidado paliativo domiciliario: Revisión narrativa / Self-efficacy of informal caregivers of people in palliative home care: A narrative review

Los cuidadores informales presentan altos niveles de estrés y sobrecarga frente al cuidado de personas a fin de vida. Sin embargo, algunos han logrado afrontar esta situación a través de su autoeficacia. OBJETIVO: El objetivo de esta revisión fue identificar los factores que influyen en el desarrollo de la autoeficacia en cuidadores informales de personas en cuidados paliativos e identificar los efectos de la autoeficacia en dichos cuidadores. MÉTODO: Se condujo una revisión narrativa de literatura científica realizada en las bases de datos Web of Science, PubMed, CUIDEN y CINAHL en base al flujograma de PRISMA, entre septiembre y octubre del 2022, por medio de los descriptores autoeficacia, cuidadores y cuidados paliativos. Los hallazgos de los artículos encontrados fueron sometidos un análisis temático por ambas autoras. RESULTADOS: Se seleccionaron 15 artículos científicos, identificando tres categorías: Factores que disminuyen el desarrollo de autoeficacia de los cuidadores informales (sentimientos de estrés, angustia y ansiedad, y sobrecarga del cuidador); Factores que favorecen el desarrollo de la autoeficacia de los cuidadores informales (esperanza, apoyo social y capacitación de los cuidadores); y los Efectos de la autoeficacia en los cuidadores informales (confianza en el cuidado otorgado, calidad de vida del receptor del cuidado, disminución del estrés y disminución de la sobrecarga del cuidador). CONCLUSIONES: A partir de los hallazgos, se concluye que el cuidador informal debe afrontar importantes retos con prontitud y de manera adecuada al brindar cuidados. Por lo que, la autoeficacia desarrollada a partir de la esperanza, el apoyo social y la capacitación, le permite mejorar la calidad de vida y bienestar tanto de sí mismo como de la persona bajo su cuidado.

Informal caregivers present high levels of stress and overload in the face of end-of-life care. However, some have managed to cope with this situation through their self-efficacy. OBJECTIVE: This study had the objective of identifying the factors that influence the development of self-efficacy in informal caregivers of people in palliative care and identify the effects of self-efficacy on these caregivers. METHOD: A narrative review of scientific literature was carried out in the databases Web of Science, PubMed, CUIDEN, and CINAHL based on the PRISMA flowchart, between September and October 2022, using the descriptors self-efficacy, caregivers, and palliative care. The findings of the articles were subjected to a thematic analysis by both authors. RESULTS: 15 scientific articles were selected, identifying three categories: Factors that decrease the development of informal caregivers' self-efficacy (feelings of stress, distress and anxiety, and caregiver overload); Factors that favour the development of informal caregivers' self-efficacy (hope, social support, and caregiver empowerment); and the Effects of self-efficacy on informal caregivers (confidence in the care given, quality of life of the care recipient, decreased stress and decreased caregiver overload). CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that the informal caregiver must meet important challenges promptly and appropriately when providing care. Therefore, the self-efficacy developed from hope, social support, and training enables them to improve the quality of life and well-being of both them and the cared-for person.

Versão brasileira da Self-efficacy for home exercise programs scale para a população idosa / Brazilian version of Self-efficacy for home exercise programs scale for the elderly population / Versión brasileña de "self-efficacy for home exercise programs scale" para la población de ancianos

Objetivo: buscar evidências de validade da versão brasileira Self-efficacy for home exercise programs scale" para a população idosa. Método: foram analisadas as evidências de conteúdo, processo de resposta e estrutura interna. Foram utilizados dois painéis de especialistas (equivalências e conteúdo) por ser um assembly. Três formatos da escala foram analisados: original, 5 pontos e 7 pontos. Para o processo de resposta e estrutura interna participaram 174 idosos. A Estrutura interna foi testada pela análise fatorial exploratória. Resultados: Sete dos 12 itens passaram por ajuste de redação, e um item foi adicionado por orientação dos especialistas. O processo de resposta indicou que a versão com 5 pontos foi a apontada pelos idosos como a melhor para ser respondida. Na estrutura interna, o modelo unidimensional com a escala de 5 pontos obteve com os melhores indicadores. Conclusão: recomenda-se a adoção do instrumento de forma unidimensional e o uso da escala de 5 pontos.

Objective: to seek evidence of validity of the Brazilian version Self-efficacy for home exercise programs scale" for the elderly population. Method: evidence of content, response process and internal structure were analyzed. Two expert panels were used (equivalences and content) as it is an assembly. Three scale formats were analyzed: original, 5 points and 7 points. For the response process and internal structure, 174 older people participated. The Internal Structure was tested by exploratory factor analysis. Results: Seven of the 12 items underwent wording adjustments, and one item was added following expert guidance. The response process indicated that the version with 5 points was pointed out by the elderly as the best to be answered. In the internal structure, the one-dimensional model with the 5-point scale obtained the best indicators. Conclusion: it is recommended to adopt the instrument in a unidimensional way and use the 5-point scale.

Objetivo: buscar evidencias de validez de la versión brasileña de "Self-efficacy for home exercise programs scale" (escala de autoeficacia de programas de ejercicios en el hogar) para la población anciana. Método: se analizaron evidencias de contenido, proceso de respuesta y estructura interna. Se utilizaron dos paneles de expertos (equivalencias y contenido) por tratarse de una asamblea. Se analizaron tres formatos de escala: original, 5 puntos y 7 puntos. 174 ancianos participaron en el proceso de respuesta y la estructura interna. Se probó la Estructura Interna mediante análisis factorial exploratorio. Resultados: Siete de los 12 ítems se sometieron a ajustes de redacción y se agregó un ítem siguiendo la opinión de expertos. El proceso de respuesta indicó que los ancianos indicaron la versión con 5 puntos como siendo la mejor para ser respondida. En la estructura interna, el modelo unidimensional con escala de 5 puntos obtuvo los mejores indicadores. Conclusión: se recomienda adoptar el instrumento de forma unidimensional y utilizar la escala de 5 puntos.

Indicators of Quality of Life According to Self-Efficacy, Physical Activity and Cognition among Elderly People Attending Open Universities for the Elderly in Southern Brazil

Introduction: Quality of life is a multifaceted construct that depends on the person's subjective perception; however, some studies have shown self-efficacy and cognition with possible indicators of this positive perception of quality of life in people. Objective: Examined prediction of Quality of Life (QL) and its domains according to self-efficacy, physical activity (PA) and cognition among elderly people attending public Open Universities for the elderly in the State of Paraná, Brazil. Method: Cross-sectional descriptive correlational study with a sample of 277 elderly. Questionnaires used: Sociodemographic, WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-OLD, IPAQ, General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale and Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination. Statistical: Descriptive and inferential analysis (correlation and multiple linear regression), significancep < .05. Results: The mean age was 67.60 (SD=6.65). Self-efficacy was related to QOL and to all domains. PA correlated with general QOL and the Psychological and Social domains. Cognition was correlated with general QOL and five other domains (Physical, Psychological, Social, Environmental, Sensory functioning, Past/Present/ Future Activities). Self-efficacy, PA and Cognition can explain 10% of the general QOL, and 14% of the Environmental domain. The specific QOL and its domains had 10% of explanation. Conclusion: QOL can be explained by the constructs self-efficacy, cognition and PA.

Introducción: La calidad de vida es un constructo multifacético que depende de la percepción subjetiva de la persona; sin embargo, algunos estudios han demostrado que la autoeficacia y la cognición son posibles indicadores de esta percepción positiva de la calidad de vida en las personas. Objetivo: se examinó la predicción de la calidad de vida (CV) y sus dominios según la autoeficacia, la actividad física (AF) y la cognición entre ancianos que asisten a Universidad Abierta para Adultos Mayores en el Estado de Paraná, Brasil. Método: estudio transversal descriptivo correlacional con una muestra de 277 ancianos. Cuestionarios utilizados: sociodemográfico, WHOQOL-BREF y WHOQOL-OLD, IPAQ, Escala de Autoeficacia Percibida General y Examen Cognitivo de Addenbrooke. Estadística: análisis descriptivo e inferencial (correlación y regresión lineal múltiple), significancia p < .05. Resultados: la edad media fue de 67.60 (DE=6.65). La autoeficacia se relacionó con la calidad de vida y con todos los dominios. AF se correlacionó con la CV general y los dominios psicológico y social. La cognición se correlacionó con la calidad de vida general y otros cinco dominios (funcionamiento físico, psicológico, social, ambiental, sensorial, actividades pasadas/presentes/futuras). Autoeficacia, AF y cognición pueden explicar el 10% de la CV general y el 14% del dominio ambiental. La CV específica y sus dominios tuvieron 10% de explicación. Conclusión: la CV puede ser explicada por los constructos autoeficacia, cognición y AF.

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Science Motivation Questionnaire II (SMQ-II) for Portuguese-speaking Brazilian secondary school students

Introduction: Science motivation is important for students' scientific literacy. Yet, there is a lack of valid and reliable measurement tools for the Brazilian context. This study presents the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Science Motivation Questionnaire (SMQ-II) and motivational baseline data. Method: The instrument was translated into Brazilian Portuguese using cross-cultural validation procedures. For structural validity evidence, the responses of 646 secondary school students were subjected to exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, as well as measurement invariance. For reliability evidence, Cronbach's alpha (a) and McDonald's omega (w) were calculated. Students' motivation was analysed using 2 (gender) x 4 (grade levels) x 3 (study modality) MANOVA. Results: 24 items measuring intrinsic motivation, career motivation, grade motivation, and self-efficacy supported a four-factor structure with adequate reliability against the original five-factor structure (self-determination was not salient). Measurement invariance was established across the gender and study modalities, but not for grade levels. Higher-grade level Brazilian students were less motivated, and girls reported higher intrinsic and career motivation, but lower self-efficacy than boys. Conclusion: These findings lay the foundation for the assessment of Brazilian students' science motivation, although they also reveal problems in the latent structure of the SMQ-II and call for the development of instruments rooted in contemporary motivational theories.

Introdução: A motivação científica é importante para a alfabetização científica dos estudantes. No entanto, há uma falta de ferramentas de medição válidas e confiáveis para o contexto brasileiro. Este estudo apresenta a versão em português brasileiro do Questionário de Motivação Científica (SMQ-II) e dados de base motivacionais. Método: O instrumento foi traduzido para o português brasileiro utilizando procedimentos de validação transcultural. Para construir provas de validade, as respostas de 646 alunos do ensino médio foram submetidas à análise exploratória e confirmatória de fatores, bem como invariância de medidas. Para a evidência de confiabilidade, foram calculados o alfa de Cronbach (a) e o ômega de McDonald's (w). A motivação dos estudantes foi analisada usando 2 (gênero) x 4 (notas) x 3 (modalidade de estudo) MANOVA. Resultados: 24 itens medindo a motivação intrínseca, motivação de carreira, motivação de grau e auto-eficácia suportaram uma estrutura de quatro fatores com confiabilidade adequada contra a estrutura original de cinco fatores (a autodeterminação não foi saliente). A invariância da medição foi estabelecida através de gênero e modalidade de estudo, mas não para o nível de nota. Os estudantes brasileiros de grau superior estavam menos motivados, e as meninas relataram maior motivação intrínseca e de carreira, mas menor auto-eficácia do que os meninos. Conclusão: Estas descobertas abrem o caminho para a avaliação da motivação científica dos estudantes brasileiros, mas também revelam problemas na estrutura latente do SMQ-II e exigem o desenvolvimento de instrumentos enraizados em teorias motivacionais contemporâneas.

Perfil de estado de ánimo y autoeficacia percibida en tareas de salto con contramovimiento en atletas cubanos de élite

Introducción: El estado de ánimo y la autoeficacia presentan estrecha relación con el rendimiento deportivo. En atletismo, contar con un control exhaustivo del entrenamiento físico y mental supone asentar las bases del máximo rendimiento, siendo el salto vertical un excelente elemento de control. Sin embargo, su relación con los aspectos psicológicos durante los entrenamientos se ha divulgado poco en la literatura. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la relación entre el perfil de estado de ánimo y la autoeficacia durante saltos verticales en deportistas juveniles de la preselección nacional cubana de atletismo. Método: Se evaluó el estado de ánimo y la autoeficacia antes de ejecutar un salto con contra movimiento (CMJ), presentándose el valor de 40 cm como elemento de máximo rendimiento en atletas de élite. Resultados: Se encontró correlación significativa entre el factor ansiedad del POMS y variables del CMJ. Además, se encontró correlación negativa entre la autoeficacia y la ansiedad, aunque no significativa (p > .05). Conclusiones: Los deportistas con un estado de ánimo de puntuación media de ansiedad, aunque no sobreelevada (puntaje 2 sobre 4) antes de la ejecución de saltos verticales, obtuvieron mejores resultados de CMJ, consiguiendo un mayor rendimiento tanto en la altura de salto, como en la velocidad, fuerza y potencia del salto. Sin embargo, no se hallaron correlaciones significativas entre la autoeficacia y el estado de ánimo, ni con variables de salto.

Introduction: Both mood and self-efficacy seem to be components closely related to the athlete's performance. In athletics, to have an exhaustive control of training from the physical and mental point of view is to lay the foundations for sporting success. Exercises such as the vertical jump are an excellent element of control of athletic performance. However, their relationship with psychological aspects during training has been little reported in the literature. Our objective was to analyze the relationship between the mood profile and self-efficacy during vertical jumps in youth athletes of the Cuban national preselection of athletics. Method: Mood and self-efficacy were evaluated before executing a countermovement jump (CMJ), presenting the 40-cm value as the element of maximum success in elite athletes. Results: A significant correlation was found between anxiogenic mood and vertical jump variables. In addition, a negative correlation was found between self-efficacy and anxiety, although not significant (p > .05). Conclusions: Athletes with a medium anxiety score mood although not overelevated (score 2 out of 4) before the execution of vertical jumps obtained better CMJ results, achieving higher performance in both jump height, speed, strength and power of the jump. However, no significant correlations were found between self-efficacy and mood, nor with the jumping variables.

Autoeficacia para el tamizaje de cáncer cervical o de próstata: comparando mujeres y hombres colombianos

Introducción: Los cánceres de cuello uterino y próstata tienen una importante carga de morbilidad en países en desarrollo. La autoeficacia para solicitar el tamizaje es un elemento clave en la prevención. Objetivo: Comparar la percepción de hombres y mujeres sobre autoeficacia para el tamizaje de cáncer cervical y de próstata. Métodos: Estudio mixto con 50 mujeres y 50 hombres. Se indagaron datos sociodemográficos. Se aplicó la escala de autoeficacia de detección del cáncer cervical, con una modificación de esta para medición de cáncer de próstata en hombres. La autoeficacia se clasificó por niveles y las variables asociadas a esta se identificaron con regresión robusta. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 27 individuos (18 hombres y 9 mujeres) con baja y alta autoeficacia, así como a individuos de "otra" religión, para conocer las diferencias en la intención del tamizaje. Se crearon tres categorías de análisis basadas en el modelo de creencias en salud. Resultados: Mujeres y hombres fueron similares, excepto en religión, ocupación y antecedentes de Papanicolaou o examen rectal. La autoeficacia fue mayor entre las mujeres (ß aj.:-15,29 IC del 95 %: -18,36 a -12,21) y los no creyentes (ß aj.: -5,38 IC del 95 %: -10,33 a -0,44). Ellas buscan más el tamizaje que los hombres, quienes necesitan tener síntomas para hacerlo, necesitan tener síntomas. La vergüenza e incomodidad son barreras expresadas por ambos sexos. En los hombres, el machismo es una fuerte barrera para solicitar el tamizaje. La religión asocia el sexo con impureza, siendo una barrera entre las mujeres. Los servicios de atención de la salud solo se centran en el cribado femenino. Conclusiones: Los roles de género y elementos de religión son expresiones culturales que determinan la intención de detección del cáncer en hombres y mujeres. Las intervenciones de los servicios de salud deben considerar estos elementos para mejorar la cobertura de detección temprana y reducir la morbimortalidad de estos dos tipos de cáncer.

Introduction: Cervical and prostate cancers have a significant burden of disease in developing countries. Self-efficacy to request screening is a key element in prevention. Objective: To compare the perception of men and women on self-efficacy for cervical and prostate cancer screening. Methods: Mixed study with 50 women and 50 men. Sociodemographic data was investigated. The cervical cancer detection self-efficacy scale was applied, with a modification for measuring prostate cancer in men. Self-efficacy was classified by levels and the variables associated with it were identified with robust regression. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 27 individuals (18 men and 9 women) with low and high self-efficacy and of "other religion" to know the differences in the intention of the screening. Three categories of analysis were created based on the health belief model. Results: Women and men were similar except for religion, occupation, and history of Pap smear or rectal exam. Self-efficacy was higher among women (Adj. ß: -15.29, 95% CI: -18.36 to -12.21) and non-believers (Adj. ß: -5.38, 95% CI: -10.33 to -0.44). They seek screening more than men because they need to have symptoms. Shame and discomfort are barriers expressed by both genders. In men, machismo is a strong barrier to request screening. Religion associates sex with impurity, thus, acts as a barrier among women. Health care services only focus on female screening. Conclusions: gender roles and elements of religion are cultural expressions, which determine the intention of cancer detection in men and women. Health services interventions should consider these elements to improve the coverage of early detection and reduce the morbidity and mortality of these two types of cancer.

Resiliência, depressão e autoeficácia entre profissionais de enfermagem brasileiros na pandemia de COVID-19 / Resilience, depression and self-efficacy among Brazilian nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os níveis de resiliência, depressão e autoeficácia entre profissionais de enfermagem brasileiros na pandemia de COVID-19. Estudo transversal analítico realizado entre os meses de outubro e dezembro de 2020. Foram empregados o teste T de Student, a análise de variância e a regressão linear múltipla com o objetivo de investigar em que medida os dois grandes fatores (resiliência e autoeficácia) impactavam nos níveis de depressão. Participaram do estudo 8.792 profissionais de enfermagem, 5.124 (58,8%) tiveram baixos níveis de resiliência. A média da pontuação geral para "depressão" foi de 0,74 e variou de 0,59 a 0,80. A média da pontuação geral para "autoeficácia" foi de 0,68 e variou de 0,56 a 0,80. Quanto aos preditores de depressão, a variável que mais fortemente impactou os níveis de depressão foi resiliência, explicando 6,6% do desfecho (p < 0,001, R2 Ajustado = 0,066). Os participantes deste estudo tiveram, em geral, baixos níveis de resiliência e autoeficácia e maiores pontuações médias para depressão. Os níveis de resiliência impactaram a variável depressão. Urge a necessidade de ações voltadas para a promoção da saúde psicológica de profissionais de enfermagem inseridos em contextos pandêmicos.

Abstract This aim of this study was to analyze levels of resilience, depression and self-efficacy among Brazilian nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study between October and December 2020. Student's t test, analysis of variance and multiple linear regression were used to investigate the impact of two main factors (Resilience and Self-efficacy) on depression. A total of 8,792 nursing professionals participated in the study; 5,124 (58.8%) had low levels of resilience. The mean overall score for Depression was 0.74, ranging from 0.59 to 0.80, while the mean overall score for Self-efficacy was 0.68, ranging from 0.56 to 0.80. The variable that had the strongest impact on depression levels was Resilience, explaining 6.6% of the outcome (p < 0.001, AdjustedR2 = 0.066). In general, respondents had low levels of resilience and self-efficacy and showed high mean depression scores. Level of resilience had an impact on depression. The findings reveal an urgent need for actions to promote the psychological health of nursing professionals working in crisis situations such as pandemics.

Factors influencing life satisfaction in basic education teachers / Fatores que influenciam a satisfação de vida em professores da educação básica / Factores que influyen en la satisfacción de vida en docentes de educación básica

This study explored how the following aspects may influence basic education teachers' life satisfaction: self-esteem, general self-efficacy, self-compassion, positive and negative feelings, moral competence, social support, positive relationships with a colleague, work engagement, age, professional experience (in years), time teaching in the same school, number of schools currently teaching, and approximate number of students per week. One hundred primary and high-school teachers (74 women) participated in the study (mean age 40.9; SD = 10.01). Network analysis provided a model which encompasses the six most relevant aspects that interfere in the life and work of basic education teachers: life satisfaction, self-efficacy, self-esteem, positive affects, work engagement, and giving instrumental social support. In addition, the yielded model showed that self-efficacy presented the closest relationship with life satisfaction. We discuss the results in line with previous studies on self-efficacy. Interventions directed at basic education teachers may be more effective if self-efficacy is part of the program.(AU)

Este estudo explorou como os seguintes aspectos influenciam a satisfação de vida de professores da educação básica: autoestima, autoeficácia, autocompaixão, sentimentos positivos e negativos, competência moral, suporte social, relacionamento positivo com colega, engajamento no trabalho, idade, experiência profissional, tempo de ensino na mesma escola, número de escolas e de estudantes. Cem docentes do ensino básico (74 mulheres) participaram do estudo (média de 40,9 anos de idade; DP = 10.01). A análise de rede proporcionou um modelo com os seis aspectos mais relevantes para a vida e o trabalho de professores: satisfação de vida, autoeficácia, autoestima, afetos positivos, engajamento no trabalho e dar suporte social instrumental. Além disso, o modelo mostrou que a autoeficácia apresentou a relação mais próxima com satisfação de vida. Os resultados são discutidos com base em estudos prévios sobre autoeficácia. Intervenções dedicadas a docentes da educação básica podem se beneficiar da inclusão da autoeficácia como parte da programação.(AU)

Este estudio exploró cómo los siguientes aspectos influyen en la satisfacción de vida de los profesores de educación básica: autoestima, autoeficacia, autocompasión, sentimientos positivos y negativos, competencia moral, apoyo social, relación positiva con compañeros, compromiso laboral, edad, experiencia profesional, tiempo de enseñanza en la misma escuela, número de escuelas y número de estudiantes. Cien profesores de educación básica (74 mujeres) participaron en el estudio (edad media 40,9 años; DS = 10,01). El análisis de red proporcionó un modelo con los seis aspectos más relevantes para la vida y el trabajo: satisfacción con la vida, autoeficacia, autoestima, afecto positivo, compromiso en el trabajo y proporcionar apoyo social instrumental. Además, el modelo mostró que la autoeficacia tiene la relación más cercana con la satisfacción en la vida. Los resultados son discutidos con base en estudios previos sobre la autoeficacia. Las intervenciones dirigidas a profesores de educación básica pueden beneficiarse al incluir la autoeficacia como parte del programa.(AU)

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the sickle cell self-efficacy scale (SCSES)

ABSTRACT Objective: To translate, cross-culturally adapt and validate the Sickle Cell Self-Efficacy Scale for application in the Brazilian cultural context. Methods: This is a methodological study performed in 6 steps: 1- Forward translation; 2- Translation synthesis; 3- Back-translation; 4- Assessment by expert committee, with computation of the Content Validity Index (CVI); 5- Cultural adequacy (pre-test); 6- Reproducibility. A pre-test was performed with the participation of 10 adolescents/young adults with sickle cell disease through a telephone call and their responses were recorded on a form in a web platform. The instrument validation step was carried out with 55 adolescents/young adults with sickle cell disease, 43 of them having participated in the retest. The analysis of internal consistency and reproducibility was calculated using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), in the R statistical programming environment. Results: The translated instrument had good acceptance among the experts, reaching an average CVI of 1.0. In assessing reliability, the scale showed acceptable internal consistency, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.84. In the agreement analysis, the ICC was 0.923 (95% CI: 0.857 to 0.958), which indicates good temporal reproducibility. Conclusions: Following the process of translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation, we obtained the Brazilian version of the Sickle Cell Self-Efficacy Scale, considered valid and reliable to be applied to adolescents and young adults with sickle cell disease in Brazil.

Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Autoeficacia para el rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios / Psychometric properties of the Self-Efficacy Scale for Academic Performance in university students

Resumen La Teoría Social Cognitiva reconoce a la autoeficacia en el marco de las creencias personales que permiten a las personas ejercer cierto control sobre su comportamiento, y es de particular relevancia en relación con la vida universitaria y el rendimiento académico. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo estudiar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión abreviada de la Escala de Autoeficacia para el Rendimiento Académico en universitarios adaptada por Krumm y Lemos (2012). El estudio que se presenta fue de índole instrumental, con un diseño transversal, no experimental y se utilizó un muestreo no probabilístico incidental. Participaron 1044 estudiantes universitarios residentes todos en Formosa capital al momento del estudio. La edad media de los participantes fue de 26 años (DE = 7.125), de los cuales un 24.9 % de hombres (n = 260) y un 75.1 % de mujeres (n = 784). Según la técnica de ecuaciones estructurales, se efectuó el Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC) sobre la versión original de la escala (Modelo 1), y se realizaron dos reespecificaciones que generaron dos modelos: el Modelo 2 definido como una escala unidimensional con 24 ítems y el Modelo 3 o versión breve, definido a partir de una escala unidimensional con nueve ítems. La solución final obtuvo índices de ajuste óptimos (RMSEA = .019; TL I = .999; CFI = .998 y GFI = .997) y confirma que la propuesta de una versión breve de la Escala de Autoeficacia para el Rendimiento Académico presenta adecuadas propiedades psicométricas y posibilita la evaluación de la autoeficacia académica en estudiantes universitarios de manera práctica, por lo que resulta particularmente útil en contextos de investigación.

Abstract The Social Cognitive Theory recognizes Self-efficacy within the framework of personal beliefs that allow people to exercise some control over their behavior, being of particular relevance in relation to university life and Academic Performance. University life poses not only cognitive challenges but also emotional and social challenges that involve the development and mobilization of personal resources to adapt to the demands of higher education. Self-efficacy linked to Academic Performance in this context can be a factor that favors learning in the case of perceived adequately capable, or it can be a factor that contributes to shelling or abandonment in the case of not being adequately experienced. Given its importance, the conceptualization of the concept of Self-efficacy has made possible the design of various scales that allow evaluating this construct, some oriented to the evaluation of General Self-efficacy and others to Self-efficacy in relation to specific aspects. However, given the complexity of the concept and the factors that influence its configuration, it is considered necessary to research and develop specific instruments related to the transit through university life with all the demands that it entails and that allow a deeper understanding of this particular training stage. The present work aimed to study the psychometric properties of the abbreviated version of the Self-efficacy Scale for Academic Performance in university students adapted by Krumm and Lemos (2012). The study presented was instrumental in nature, with a cross-sectional, non-experimental design, an incidental non-probabilistic sampling was used. 1044 university students, all residing in Formosa Capital at the time of the study, participated. The mean age of the participants was 26 years (SD = 7.125), being 24.9% men (n = 260) and 75.1 % women (n = 784). The original Scale consisted of 24 items and three subscales: (1) coping with negative physical and emotional states; (2) social relationships; and (3) coping with positive emotions. The following reliability indices were reported for each subscale: Cronbach's Alpha of .59, .69 and .55 respectively. Considering the technique of structural equations, the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was carried out on the original version of the Scale (Model 1), carrying out two re-specifications, which generated two models, Model 2 defined as a one-dimensional Scale with 24 items and Model 3 or short version, defined from a one-dimensional scale with 9 items. The results obtained show that the three dimensions proposed in the original scale did not emerge as such, since the items that made it up presented differences in grouping by factor. The final solution or short version obtained optimal fit indices (RMSEA = .019; TL I = .999; CFI = .998 and GFI = .997). Regarding reliability, the Omega coefficient showed a high internal consistency of the scale both for the original test and for the abbreviated version, indicating that, despite having reduced the number of items on the scale, it retains adequate reliability. From the results obtained, it is confirmed that the proposal of a short version of the Self-efficacy Scale for Academic Performance presents adequate psychometric properties and enables the evaluation of academic self-efficacy in university students in a practical way, which is why it is particularly useful in research contexts.

An Explorative Study to Determine the Perceived Breastfeeding Efficacy and its Determinants

Background: Breastfeeding (BF) is considered one of the basic pillars to promote and protect children's health and its social impact can be assessed through reduced medical consultations. Methods: This qualitative, non-empirical study with a sample of 200 mothers and a cross-sectional descriptive survey to achieve the set objectives. The study will be conducted at a selected hospital in Bagalkot. An open and closed structured questionnaire collected information from nursing mothers. Result: The distribution of the proportion of mothers by socio-demographic among 200 mothers had the highest age-based ratio of 46% in the 24-29 age group. 56% high school level. 73% of mothers are housewives, 57 years old. The delivery method is 62% of full-term vaginal delivery. According to the program, 80% when crying normally and 64.5% when feeding. Birth weight is 49.5%, if from 1000 to 2500 g, a statistically significant relationship exists between baby's behavior x2=0.41, breastfeeding pattern x2=0.87, birth weight of children x2=0.02, p>0.05. Conclusion: The study results showed a significant positive relationship between mothers' breastfeeding effectiveness and participants' confidence. This factor can help healthcare providers predict the period of breastfeeding and the success rate of exclusive breastfeeding in mothers, thereby identifying mothers at risk of stopping breastfeeding. Early breastfeeding.

Self-efficacy and well-being of youth during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia / Autoeficacia y bienestar de los jóvenes durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Indonesia

Abstract Introduction The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the well-being of young people has attracted the concerned of many parties. Self-efficacy, an individual's belief to cope with various situations, is believed to have a relationship with individual's psychological well-being. Objective To explore the relationship between self-efficacy and well-being of young people in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method A cross-sectional design with a convenience sample of high schools and universities students in Indonesia. The number of participants were 365 young people aged 15-23 years (M = 18.57; SD = 1.95). They were asked to complete the Self-efficacy Scale and the Flourishing Scale in the form of an online survey. Results There is a positive correlation between self-efficacy and well-being (r = .547, p < .01) with the contribution percentage of 33.5%. The two-way ANOVA resulted there was an effect of education level on wellbeing (F = 12.956, p < .05), while there was no gender effect on wellbeing (F = .006, p > .05). Discussion and conclusion The findings of this study highlighting the importance of developing self-efficacy in young people in order to promote well-being despite facing a challenging situation.

Resumen Introducción El impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en el bienestar de los jóvenes ha atraído la preocupación de muchas partes. Se cree que la autoeficacia, la creencia de un individuo para hacer frente a diversas situaciones, tiene una relación con el bienestar psicológico del individuo. Objetivo Este estudio tiene como objetivo explorar la relación entre la autoeficacia y el bienestar de los jóvenes en Indonesia durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Método Un diseño transversal con una muestra de conveniencia de estudiantes de escuelas secundarias y universidades en Indonesia. El número de participantes fueron 365 jóvenes de 15 a 23 años (M = 18.57; SD = 1.95). Se les pidió que completaran la Escala de Autoeficacia y la Escala de Florecimiento en forma de encuesta en línea. Resultados Existe una correlación positiva entre la autoeficacia y el bienestar (r = .547, p < .01) con el porcentaje de cotización del 33.5%. El ANOVA de dos vías resultó que hubo un efecto del nivel educativo sobre el bienestar (F = 12.956, p < .05), mientras que no hubo efecto del género sobre el bienestar (F = .006, p > .05). Discusión y conclusión Los hallazgos de este estudio destacan la importancia de desarrollar la autoeficacia en los jóvenes para promover el bienestar a pesar de enfrentar una situación desafiante.

Percepción de autoeficacia de estudiantes de enfermería previo al inicio de prácticas clínicas / Perception of Self-Efficacy of Nursing Students Prior to the Start of Clinical Practices / Percepção de autoeficácia de estudantes de enfermagem antes do início da prática clínica

Introducción: la autoeficacia es una competencia personal para los estudiantes de enfermería, pues esta es la que permite el afrontamiento de las situaciones estresantes propias de su proceso de formación. Así, el objetivo de este estudio fue describir la percepción de autoeficacia de los estudiantes de enfermería previo inicio de prácticas clínicas desde su experiencia. Materiales y métodos: investigación cualitativa de tipo fenomenológico. Recolección de datos por medio de grupos focales, entrevistas, observación no participante y notas de campo. Resultados: los estudiantes perciben que su autoeficacia está influenciada por la autonomía que ellos tienen para comunicar sus pensamientos con otras personas, para hacer y elegir, por sus conexiones sociales con familia, pares y docentes, y por su autopercepción de competencias académicas, clínicas y su autoestima. Conclusión: espacios académicos que fomentan la retroalimentación positiva, la conexión social, la autoestima y la percepción de competencia, requieren ser introducidos en los currículos de enfermería previo inicio de las prácticas clínicas, pues esto fortalece la autoeficacia académica

Introduction: Self-efficacy is an important capability of nursing students that allows them to navigate stressful situations typical of their training process; thus, this study's objective is to describe the perception of the self-efficacy of nursing students based on their experience prior to the start of clinical practices. Materials and methods: Phenomenological qualitative research. Data collection with focus groups, interviews, non-participant observation, and field notes. Results: Students perceived that their self-efficacy is influenced by their autonomy to communicate their thoughts to others, decide and choose, their social connections with family, peers, and teachers, and their self-perception of academic, clinical, and self-esteem. Conclusion: Academic spaces that promote positive feedback, social connection, self-esteem, and, thus, the perception of competence, should be introduced into nursing curricula prior to the start of clinical practices, strengthening academic self-efficacy

Introdução: a autoeficácia é uma competência pessoal do estudante de enfermagem, pois é ela que o capacita a enfrentar situações estressantes típicas de seu processo de formação; assim, o objetivo deste estudo é descrever a percepção de autoeficácia de estudantes de enfermagem antes do início da prática clínica a partir de sua experiência. Materiais e métodos: pesquisa qualitativa do tipo fenomenológica. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de grupos focais, entrevistas, observação não participante e notas de campo. Resultados: os alunos percebem que sua autoeficácia é influenciada pela autonomia que eles têm para comunicar seus pensamentos com outras pessoas, para fazer e escolher, por suas conexões sociais com a família, colegas e professores, e por sua autopercepção de desempenho acadêmico, desempenho clínico e sua autoestima. Conclusão: espaços acadêmicos que promovam feedback positivo, conexão social, autoestima e percepção de competência precisam ser introduzidos nos currículos de enfermagem antes do início das práticas clínicas, o que fortalece a autoeficácia acadêmica

Efecto de la simulación háptica en la autoeficacia académica de odontólogos en formación

La simulación es un recurso ampliamente utilizado en los procesos formativos en odontología, especialmente para adquirir destrezas motrices y potencialmente en el desarrollo de la autoeficacia. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de la simulación háptica en la autoeficacia académica de odontólogos en formación. Materiales y métodos: Este estudio se centró en estudiantes de un curso de anticipación disciplinar (n=134). Se aplicó la escala de autoeficacia general después de dos actividades de tallado con apresto tradicional, mediadas por una sesión de tallado con simulación háptica. Resultados: Al determinar el rol de las dimensiones de autoeficacia en dos actividades de simulación tradicional (ABT1 y ABT2), mediadas por la háptica se obtuvo un promedio de ABT1: x̄=3,27 (n=123) y de ABT2: x̄=3,20 (n=105). De los diez ítems de la escala, hubo diferencia estadística respecto a la disminución del grado de autoeficacia en el Nº1 (p=0,05) y Nº6 (p=0,01). Conclusiones: Se puede establecer que, al utilizar un simulador háptico de manera complementaria a las de apresto tradicional, la intervención influye en la autoeficacia, puesto que se adquiere mayor conciencia de las complejidades asociadas, debiendo desafiar su propia autorregulación para hacerles frente.

Simulation is a widely used resource in dental training processes, especially to acquire motor skills and potentially in the development of self-efficacy. Objective: To evaluate the effect of haptic simulation in the academic self-efficacy of dentists in training. Materials and methods: This study focused on students of a curricular anticipatory course (n=134). The general self-efficacy scale was applied after two carving activities with a traditional approach, complemented by a carving session with haptic simulation. Results: When determining the role of the self-efficacy dimensions in two traditional simulation activities (ABT1 and ABT2) complemented by haptics, we obtained an average of ABT1: x̄=3,27 (n=123) and ABT2: x̄=3,20 (n=105). Of the ten items of the scale, there was a statistical difference regarding the decrease in the degree of self-efficacy in Nº1 (p=0,05) and Nº6 (p=0,01). Conclusions: It can be established that complementing traditional training with a haptic simulator influences self-efficacy, since the students become more aware of the associated complexities, and need to challenge their own self-regulation to deal with them.