Funcionamiento cognitivo, autonomía e independencia del adulto mayor institucionalizado / Cognitive function, and independence of autonomy elderly institutionalized

RESUMEN Introducción: En el envejecimiento se puede producir un deterioro de las capacidades físicas y mentales que conduzcan a dependencia y minusvalía; y esto suele ser más frecuente en el anciano institucionalizado. Objetivo: Determinar funcionamiento cognitivo, autonomía e independencia del adulto mayor institucionalizado. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo cuantitativo de corte trasversal, realizado en el Asilo Sagrado Corazón de Jesús entre los meses de septiembre a noviembre del 2015. El universo está constituido por 62 adultos mayores institucionalizados, la muestra de 37 que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Instrumentos utilizados Minimental State Examination, Escala de Valoración de la Autonomía para el Autocuidado y Escala de Autonomía para las actividades básicas de la vida diaria -Barthel. Se procesó la información mediante estadística descriptiva. Resultados: El 51,20 por ciento fueron mujeres, 48,80 por ciento hombres. 88,23 por ciento entre 71 a 90 años. 32,40 por ciento presentaron deterioro cognitivo grave, 24,20 por ciento deterioro moderado y 27,00 por ciento sin deterioro. En la realización de actividades de la vida diaria 76,70 por ciento tenían autonomía total, 5,10 por ciento eran dependientes. 40,50 por ciento fueron independientes, 2,70 por ciento presentó dependencia leve y 13,50 por ciento entre dependencia severa y total. Conclusiones: Los adultos mayores en su mayoría son autónomos e independientes en las actividades básicas de la vida diaria, no siendo así la funcionalidad cognitiva que presento mayor deterioro(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: In the aging there is a deterioration of the capabilities physical and mental that lead to dependency and disability This problems tends to be more frequent in the elderly institutionalized. Objective: To determine the cognitive functions, autonomy and independence of the institutionalized elderly. Methods: A descriptive study of quantitative crosscut, held at the Asilo Sagrado Corazon de Jesus between the months of September and November of 2015. The sample group consist of 62 institutionalized elderly, of which 37 meet the self-reliance requirement. Among the tools used to evaluate and the Minimental State Examination, Rating Scale for Self-Care Autonomy, and Autonomy Scale for basic activities of daily living -Barthel. This information was processed using descriptive statistics. Results: 51.20 percent were women, 48.80 percent men. 88.23 percent between 71-90 years. 32.40 percent had severe cognitive impairment, 24.20 percent had moderate impairment and 27.00 percent had no deterioration. In carrying out daily activities, 76.70 percent had full autonomy, 5.10 percent were dependent, 40.50 percent had been independent, 2.70 percent had mild dependence and 13.50 percent between severe and total dependence. Conclusions: Older adults are mostly self-reliant and independent in basic activities of daily life since cognitive functioning is not mostly affected(AU)

Introduction of the modern western medicine in late Choson period (I) / 의사학

Generally it has been thought that the modern western medicine was introduced into Korea by Japanese physicians and Western missionaries. But some recent studies have revealed that in the late Choson period, Koreans and Korean government played the essential roles in the introduction of it. This paper summarized and discussed the self-reliant activities of Koreans at the time, mainly in introducing the smallpox vaccination method and establishing Jejoong-Won Hospital, the first modern hospital in Korea.