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ObjectiveTo assess the level of depression， anxiety and social support among grade three senior high school students under in-school quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic， so as to provide references for targeted psychological intervention of them. MethodsA total of 724 grade three senior high school students from three key schools in Binzhou City， Shandong Province were selected using random sampling method. Generalized Anxiety Disorder （GAD-7）， Patients' Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item （PHQ-9） and Perceived Social Support Scale （PSSS） were used to survey the psychological status including anxiety， depression and the level of social support. Partial correlation analysis was adopted to discuss the correlation of PSSS score with GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores， meantime， the multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between PSSS and PHQ-9 scores. ResultsAmong grade three senior high school students， 341 （48.64%） and 383 （54.64%） were found to have symptoms of anxiety and depression， respectively. PSSS total score as well as the dimension score of family support and other support of female students were higher than those of male students， with statistical significance （t=-3.431， -3.048， -4.482， P<0.01）. GAD-7， PSSS total scores and the dimension scores of family support and other support demonstrated statistical differences among grade three senior high school students with different selections of academic subjects for college entrance examination （F=1.992， 2.660， 2.074， 3.138， P<0.05 or 0.01）. PHQ-9 score was negatively correlated with the total score and each dimension score of PSSS （r=-0.329， -0.283， -0.284， -0.284， P<0.01）. The dimension score of family support and friend support in PSSS could negatively predict the PHQ-9 score （B=-0.213， -0.308， P<0.01）. ConclusionGrade three senior high school students under in-school quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic suffer a high prevalence rate of anxiety and depression， while students with higher perceived social support scores report fewer symptoms of depression. Hence， improving the level of social support may alleviate depression in students.
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Objective:To explore the relationship among mobile phone addiction, depression and self-harm in senior high school students.Methods:Totally 707 students were collected from two middle schools by cluster sampling method, and smartphone addiction scale(SAS), patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)and adolescents self-harm scale(ASHS) were used for investigation. SPSS 23.0 software was used for descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, and Mplus 8.3 was used to conduct structural equation modeling and Bootstrap mediated effect test.Results:The rate of self-harm was 33.38%.The scores of mobile phone addiction, depression and self-harm were(106.01±27.18), 5.00(1.00, 9.00)and 0(0, 3.00), respectively.Mobile phone addiction was positively correlated with depression and self-harm( r=0.33, 0.16, both P<0.01), and depression was positively correlated with self-harm( r=0.52, P<0.01). Depression played full mediating role in the relationship between mobile phone addiction and self-harm(effect value=0.16, 95% CI=0.12-0.21). Conclusion:This study indicates that depression exerts a mediating effect on the relationship between mobile phone addiction and self-harm.
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ObjectiveTo discuss the family environment characteristics of senior high school students with psychological problems， and to provide references for realizing management of senior high school students' mental health. MethodsA total of 1 917 senior high school students in Foshan No. 2 Middle School were enrolled， and assessed using Middle School Student Mental Health Scale （MSSMHS-60） and a self-compiled family environment questionnaire. Then the family environment characteristics of senior high school students with psychological problems were analyzed. ResultsThe total score of MSSMHS-60 was （1.83±0.49） in 1 917 senior high school students， and was （2.40±0.36） in 602 （31.40%） students with psychological problems. The detection rate of psychological problems demonstrated significant difference among senior high school students with different status of companionship， household finance， parental rearing style and kinship （χ2=16.951， 38.142， 90.545， 59.448， P<0.05 or 0.01）. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of frequent parental quarrels was a risk factor for senior high school students' mental health （OR=3.120， P<0.01）. ConclusionThe detection rate of psychological problems is high among senior high school students in Foshan City， and family disputes is a risk factor for psychological problems.
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Objective@#To explore the internal mechanism of short-term mindfulness intervention in reducing individual anxiety and stress perception.@*Methods@#Totally 134 subjects were recruited and randomized into attention group (n=53), acceptance group (n=41) and control group (n=40). Attention group received observation of breathing intervention program, acceptance group received acceptance of negative emotions intervention program and the control group did not intervene mindfulness and read the social science materials of history. Before and after intervention, cancelled tasks were used to stimulate anxiety and stress perception, and self-rating anxiety scale and Chinese perceived stress scale (CPSS) were used to measure anxiety and stress perception level, and the results of cancelled tasks were recorded. Variance analysis and multiple linear regression were used for data statistics.@*Results@#The changes of anxiety in attention group and acceptance group((-1.44±2.42)and(-1.06±2.58)) were significantly higher than that in control group(0.08±2.56)(both P<0.01). On the basis of controlling the changes of gender, age, number of cancellations and pre-test anxiety, the differences between groups had no significantly predictive effect on pre-cancellative anxiety(P>0.05). The attention group had significant predictive effect on anxiety in post-projected cancellative task compared with the control group (t=-2.84, P<0.01), while the acceptance group had no significant predictive effect on anxiety in post-projected cancellative task compared with the control group(P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#Attention and acceptance play different roles in short-term mindfulness training. Attention factor in mindfulness plays a key role in reducing anxiety level in individual tasks.
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Objective To explore the internal mechanism of short-term mindfulness intervention in reducing individual anxiety and stress perception. Methods Totally 134 subjects were recruited and ran-domized into attention group ( n=53),acceptance group ( n=41) and control group ( n=40). Attention group received observation of breathing intervention program,acceptance group received acceptance of nega-tive emotions intervention program and the control group did not intervene mindfulness and read the social science materials of history. Before and after intervention,cancelled tasks were used to stimulate anxiety and stress perception,and self-rating anxiety scale and Chinese perceived stress scale ( CPSS) were used to measure anxiety and stress perception level,and the results of cancelled tasks were recorded. Variance analy-sis and multiple linear regression were used for data statistics. Results The changes of anxiety in attention group and acceptance group((-1. 44±2. 42)and(-1. 06±2. 58)) were significantly higher than that in con-trol group(0. 08±2. 56) (both P<0. 01). On the basis of controlling the changes of gender,age,number of cancellations and pre-test anxiety,the differences between groups had no significantly predictive effect on pre-cancellative anxiety(P>0. 05). The attention group had significant predictive effect on anxiety in post-projec-ted cancellative task compared with the control group (t=-2. 84,P<0. 01),while the acceptance group had no significant predictive effect on anxiety in post-projected cancellative task compared with the control group (P>0. 05). Conclusion Attention and acceptance play different roles in short-term mindfulness training. Attention factor in mindfulness plays a key role in reducing anxiety level in individual tasks.
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Objective To observe the student's endocrine metabolism in senior high school during different periods.Methods 328 senior middle school students in different periods were investigated and the blood concentration of adrenaline(N),norepinephrine(NE),cortisol(CS),interleukin-2(IL-2),interleukin-6(IL-6)were measured by radioimmunoassay and Magnetic Solid Phase Separation-Enzyme Immunoassay,and at the same time,students in vocational high school were contrasted.Results As the university entrance examination was coming,the values of N,NE and CS were apparently rising,while the values of IL-2 and IL-6 were going down.The biodifferences.Grade Two and Grade One(t=1.96～2.52,P＜0.05).Grade Two and the control(t=3.53～4.20,P＜0.01)were different significantly,while Grade one and the control had no obvsious difference(t=1.18～1.92,P＞0.05).Conclusion N,NE,CS of the senior hish school students in Grade Three were higher,while IL-2and IL-6 were lower than that of the Grade Two.
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Objective To explore the relationship of test anxiety status between the senior high school students and their parents before college examination entrance.And to study the method and effect of psychological intervention on test anxiety.Methods 315 grade 1 and 295 grade 3 of senior high school students were investigated by using Test Anxiety Scale(TAS),State Anxiety Inventory(S-AI) and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS);and their Darents were investigated by SAS,S-AI.57 grade 3 of senior high school students and their 102 parents were tested before and after psychological intervention.Results Grade 3 of senior high school students and their parents acquired higher SAS.S-AI scores than grade 1 students and their parents(t=2.422～3.975,P<0.05,P＜O.01).The TAS scores of grade 3 students were higher than grade 1(P＜O.01).The correlative coefficient between students and parents were 0.641,0.759,0.733,0.824 respectively(P<0.01).The TAS,SAS,S-AI scores of grade 3 of senior high school students and the SAS,S-AI scores of their parents were descended significantly [(41.12±10.13)vs(49.24±11.80),(43.05±9.97)vs(49.01±11.29),(53.28±9.87)vs(58.55±10.20),(52.47±9.91)vs(59.18±11.75),t=2.861～4.456,P＜O.01].Conclusion There was higher anxiety level in grade 3 of senior high school students and their parents.The correlations was strong between themPsychological intervention on students together with their parents are effective to relax test anxiety level of senior high school students before college examination entrance.
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Objective: The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between computer game addiction,a subtype of internet addiction,and parental Rearing styles.Methods: Using Computer Game Addiction Inventory(CGAI) and EMBU,we investigate a sample of 747 senior high school students in Beijing.According to whether participants' sum score of five dimensions of CGAI is larger than 1.5 SD,we divide them into two groups: tendency to addiction and non-tendency to addiction.Then we analyze the data with methods of MANOVA and Canonical Correlation.Results: There is significant difference in sex distributing between tendency to addiction and non-tendency to addiction.There is also significant difference in parental rearing styles between two groups.Under authoritarian rearing styles,children score higher on nearly every dimension of CGAI.Conclusion: Boys are more likely to get addicted to computer games than girls.Negative parental rearing styles associate closely with computer game addiction.
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The purposes of this study were to survey the present situation of nutrition education in junior/senior high school, to analyze the difference between the favorite subjects on students and the existing subject done by dietitians on nutrition education, and then to identify the subjects of nutritional education for junior/senior high school students. Self-administered questionnaires were given to dietitians and students and 142 of the 200 dietitians (71.0%) and 479 of the 564 students (84.9%) responded to the questionnaire on the nutritional education. According to the survey results, 76.1% of school dietitians currently were doing nutrition education for students while the other 23.9% didn't have such education programs even though they recognized the necessity strongly. The target of nutrition education was student rather than parents or teacher generally and the principal measuring method for nutrition education effect was 'change of plate waste and leftover'. It was found that significant difference in the collector and source of nutritional education information between junior and senior high school dietitians (p < .05). About ninety-eight percentage of dietitians felt that nutrition education should keep pace with meal service and this meant that almost respondent recognized the necessity of nutrition education for students. Because the most serious one among operational problems of nutrition education program was lack of enough time owing to too many affairs as dietitian, junior and senior high schools should support so that dietitians would share enough time for nutrition education. And also, a gap was existed between actual and favorite subjects on nutrition education. Significant differences existed in the following subjects; 'basic concept of food and nutrition', 'disease and nutrition', 'food culture in the world', 'cooking and culinary art', 'food of the 24 divisions of the year in the lunar calendar', 'food waste and environmental issue', 'food habit and food behavior', 'exercise and nutrition' (p < .001), 'table manner', 'food and individual sanitation', 'recommended dietary allowance' (p < .01) and 'menu planning' (p < .05). Finally, 24 subjects of nutritional education were selected based on the survey results. These subjects would be expected to be able to contribute the effective and interesting nutrition education program for junior and senior high school students.
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Humans , Education , Meals , Nutritionists , Parents , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Web-based nutrition education program for junior and senior high school students. Three materials, which were printed materials on Group I, WBI (Web-Based Instruction) leaflet on Group II and the web-based nutrition education program developed in the antecedent research, were applied for 564 students in 3 junior high school and 4 senior high school in Seoul during 4 weeks. Pre-test was done from October 21 to October 26, 2002 and post-test was done from November 25 to December 13, 2002. The statistical data analysis was completed using SPSS WIN (ver. 11.0) for descriptive analysis, t-test and ANOVA. According to the evaluation of effectiveness for web-based nutrition education program, nutrition knowledge, food attitude, food habit and nutrient intake were not significantly improved but positively. And on the evaluation of effectiveness for nutrition education program by materials, WBI was more effective educational materials than WBI leaflet and printed materials. Consequently nutrition knowledge, food attitude, food habit and nutrient intake were improved positively but not significantly using WBI, which was due to the instructional period of the only 4 weeks. Therefore long-term instruction should be required for effective nutrition program, as well as more WBI nutrition education program for high school students would need to be developed in the near future in that WBI was effective material on nutrition education.