ABSTRACT
Maintaining the blood supply of the interdental alveolar bone is crucial for preserving the interdental papilla. Rebuilding the interimplant papilla between adjacent implants is more difficult than rebuilding the interdental papilla between the natural tooth and implant. Therefore, preserving the interimplant tissue is necessary when adjacent implants are closely placed. In this case report, three effective methods for maintaining the surrounding tissue, namely strategic serial extraction, immediate implantation, and provisionalization of adjacent maxillary central incisors, were performed. The marginal gingiva and interimplant papilla were well maintained for 24 months.
Subject(s)
Gingiva , Incisor , Serial Extraction , ToothABSTRACT
El objetivo fue determinar el beneficio de implementar acciones clínicas de ortodoncia interceptiva en paciente infantiles analizando la literatura reciente. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura mediante una búsqueda en Pubmed, SciELO y Cochrane Library de los últimos 10 años respondiendo a la pregunta: "¿En niños con maloclusiones dentoalveolares es beneficiosa la implementación de ortodoncia interceptiva o es mejor una terapia al término del crecimiento?". Las palabras de búsqueda fueron "orthodontic interceptive", "serial extraction" o sus traducciones en español. Se utilizaron criterios de inclusión y exclusión para obtener evidencia del más alto nivel. Se seleccionaron 17 artículos de los cuales, cinco fueron ensayos clínicos, seis de cohorte retrospectiva, cuatro revisiones sistemáticas y un caso clínico de larga data. La mayoría de los reportes utilizan los índices de maloclusión ICON y PAR para realizar las mediciones pre y post-tratamiento y evaluar efectividad del uso de la ortodoncia interceptiva. La extracción de caninos temporales por si sola no previene la impactación de caninos permanentes. La extracción seriada tuvo un tiempo de control sin aparatos más largo, pero menor periodo de tratamiento activo y se indica en pacientes con más de 6 mm de discrepancia negativa dentomaxilar. La mayoría de los estudios muestra un alto nivel de evidencia (53%), pero presentan diferencias en las variables estudiadas y en las modalidades de tratamientos que no los hacen comparables entre ellos. Hay evidencia de que la intervención temprana en niños con maloclusiones dentoalveolares es beneficiosa, mejoran resalte y la alineación anterior maxilar y mandibular. La discrepancia dentomaxilar severa es factible de tratar con extracción seriada. La evidencia es escasa para mordida abierta y malos hábitos. El tratamiento interceptivo requiere largo seguimiento y no elimina la necesidad de tratamiento correctivo. No existe evidencia de que la resolución interceptiva de la mordida cruzada sea positiva.
The aim was to determine the benefit of implementing interceptive orthodontic clinics in infant patient analyzing recent literature about it. We conducted a systematic review of the literature by searching PubMed, SciELO and Cochrane Library for the past 10 years in response to the question: "In children with dentoalveolar malocclusions is it beneficial to implement interceptive orthodontics or is it better to apply a therapy at the end of growth?" Searching words were "interceptive orthodontic", "serial extraction" or its translations in Spanish. We used inclusion and exclusion criteria to find the highest-level evidence. We selected 17 items of which five were clinical trials, six were retrospective cohort, and four were systematic reviews and one clinical case of long standing. Most reports use ICON and PAR index malocclusion for pre and post-treatment and to evaluate the effectiveness of using interceptive orthodontics. Cuspid extraction alone does not prevent permanent canine impaction. The control of serial extraction without braces was longer than with braces, but the active treatment period was shorter. This process is indicated in patients with more than 6 mm dentomaxilar negative discrepancy. Most studies show a high level of evidence (53%), but they differ in some variables and some treatments modalities, which do not make them comparable. There is evidence that early intervention in children with dentoalveolar malocclusions is beneficial, improving over-jet and alignment of anterior maxillary and mandibular. It is feasible to treat severe dentomaxilar discrepancy with serial extraction. The evidence is insufficient to open bite and bad habits. Interceptive treatment requires lengthy follow up and does not eliminate the need for corrective treatment. There is no evidence that the resolution interceptive crossbite is positive.
ABSTRACT
This paper reports a case treated by a serial extraction program at the mixed dentition stage followed by a corrective orthodontic treatment, with a long-term follow-up period. Twenty years after the interceptive treatment, a harmonious face was observed along with treatment stability in the anterior posterior direction, deep overbite (which has been mentioned as a disadvantage of the serial extraction program), and a small relapse of anterior tooth crowding. All these conditions have been regarded as normal occurrences for most orthodontic treatments with a long-term follow-up period. This case report demonstrated that the establishment of a serial extraction protocol determined relevant esthetic changes that afforded an improvement of the patient's self-esteem, with a positive social impact. Furthermore, the low cost of this protocol permits the use of this therapy with underprivileged populations. It is important to emphasize that an early correction of tooth crowding by this protocol does not guarantee stability, but small relapses do not invalidate its accomplishment.
Subject(s)
Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Orthodontics, Corrective/methods , Serial Extraction/methods , Clinical Protocols , Dentition, Mixed , Follow-Up Studies , Malocclusion/therapy , Orthodontics, Corrective/psychology , Radiography, Dental , Time Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: verificar o percentual de pacientes que necessitaram extração de dentes permanentes, pré-molares, dentre aqueles tratados com extração de dentes decíduos para correção do apinhamento primário na dentição mista, bem como analisar as possíveis variáveis relacionadas. MÉTODOS: a amostra foi composta por documentações ortodônticas de 70 pacientes na dentição permanente, cujo tratamento iniciou-se na dentição mista com planejamento de um programa de extrações seriadas (PES). Todos os prontuários foram analisados por um único examinador, no intuito de verificar se o PES havia sido cumprido com a extração de dentes permanentes ou se havia sido realizada apenas extração de dentes decíduos. Verificou-se a associação entre a extração de dentes permanentes e as variáveis padrão facial; relação sagital entre as arcadas dentárias; IMPA; proporção tamanho do segundo molar permanente inferior/espaço retromolar; mecânica de controle de espaço e discrepância de modelo (teste exato de Fisher para as variáveis categóricas e modelo de regressão logística para as variáveis numéricas). Os resultados foram considerados para p<0,05. RESULTADOS: dos pacientes que haviam sido tratados com extração de dentes decíduos para a correção do apinhamento na dentição mista, 70 por cento necessitaram de extração de dentes permanentes. A análise estatística não mostrou associação significativa entre as variáveis estudadas e a necessidade de extração de dentes permanentes, com exceção da variável discrepância de modelo. CONCLUSÃO: a discrepância de modelo representou a principal determinante de extração de pré-molares no PES.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of patients who require extraction of permanent premolars among those treated with extraction of deciduous teeth for the correction of incisor crowding in the mixed dentition and analyze possible associated variables.METHODS: The sample was composed of orthodontic records of 70 patients with permanent dentition whose treatment had begun in the mixed dentition phase and involved serial extraction. All records were analyzed by a single examiner to determine whether serial extraction had been performed with extraction of permanent teeth or only deciduous teeth. Associations were investigated between extraction of permanent teeth and lateral facial pattern, sagittal relationship of the dental arches, incisor-mandibular plane angle, size proportion of mandibular second molar/retromolar space, mechanics for space control and tooth-arch size discrepancy (Fisher's exact test for categorical variables and logistic regression for numeric variables, p<0.05).RESULTS: Among the patients who had been treated with extraction of deciduous teeth, 70% required the extraction of permanent teeth. The statistical analysis revealed no significant associations between the analyzed variables and the need for permanent tooth extraction, with the exception of tooth-arch size discrepancy.CONCLUSION: Tooth-arch size discrepancy was the main factor determining premolar extraction in a serial extraction program.