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Objective@#This study determined the correlation between erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and insulin sensitivity in agricultural workers and non-agricultural workers.@*Methodology@#The cross-sectional comparative study was undertaken in 45 agricultural and 45 non-agricultural workers from Nat-Kan Village, Magway Township. Erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase activity and serum malondialdehyde were measured by spectrophotometric method. Insulin sensitivity was calculated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR).@*Results@#Mean erythrocyte AChE activity was significantly lower in agricultural (3553.99 IU/L) compared with non-agricultural workers (4432.68 IU/L) (p<0.001). A significant high level of mean serum MDA was observed in agricultural workers (0.74 versus 0.28 μmol/L, p<0.001). Median HOMA-IR value was significantly higher in agricultural (2.74) than that of non-agricultural workers (2.28) (p<0.05). The risk of insulin resistance was 2.8 times greater in agricultural workers than non-agricultural workers (OR 2.8, 95% CI, 1.18 to 6.72). Erythrocyte AChE activity had weak negative correlation with serum MDA level (r=-0.357, p<0.001) and HOMA-IR (ρ= -0.305, p<0.05). There was a significant but weak positive correlation between serum MDA level and HOMA-IR (ρ=0.355, p<0.001).@*Conclusion@#Organophosphate pesticide exposure lowered erythrocyte AChE activity and increased oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is partly attributed to the development of insulin resistance
Subject(s)
FarmersABSTRACT
Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are a multifactorial disease with oxidative stress also contributing to the etiopathogenesis. Assessment of maternal and neonatal oxidative stress may provide insight into early identification of at-risk mothers and neonates and timely intervention to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with hypertensive disorders. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate whether there occurs a reflection of oxidative stress in neonates born to hypertensive mothers. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 pregnant women of which 50 were normotensive and 50 were pre-eclamptic were tested for serum uric acid and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) in maternal blood and cord blood of their newborns. Our observations were subjected to statistical analysis Mean ± standard deviation calculated. Comparison is done by student t-test. Relationship between parameters was evaluated by Pearson’s correlation. Results: Increased levels of serum uric acid and MDA were found in maternal and cord blood in hypertensive pregnancies, indicative of oxidative stress. However, cord blood MDA and uric acid levels were lower than the corresponding maternal blood levels. Conclusion: Our study findings suggest that oxidative stress in hypertensive mothers is reflected in their neonates.
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Background: Elevated levels of lipid peroxide in diabetes mellitus may be due to the alteration of function of erythrocytes membrane. This inhibits the activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme leading to accumulation of superoxide radicals which cause the maximum lipid peroxidation and tissue damage in diabetes. The objectives was to study was done with the objectives of assessing the serum lipid and malondialdehyde levels among diabetic population and matched control group.Methods: This study was done among 50 NIDDM, 50 IDDM and 50 controls at Thanjavur Medical College, Tamil Nadu, India for a period of one year at the Department of Diabetology after getting the informed consent and IEC clearance. This study included all ambulatory NIDDM and IDDM patients without any complications. The following investigations like serum malondialdehyde, blood sugar, HBA1C, serum lipid profile, blood urea, serum creatinine, urine albumin and sugar were done by standardized procedures and reagents after getting the detailed history and examination.Results: Among NIDDM group 78% were between 6.4 to 8 categories whereas in IDDM group only 28% were in this 6.4 to 8 category (HBA1C). Comparison of serum MDA values among three groups were done by ANOVA with two groups separately and it was highly significant. Multiple comparison of mean difference of MDA and lipid values among all the three groups showed statistically significant results with p value at 0.05.Conclusions: Lipid profile is increased in poor glycemic controlled patients (both IDDM and NIDDM patients) and it is reflected in high serum malondialdehyde levels.
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Background: Hypertension is most commonly documented modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. A growing body of data proposes an appreciated pathogenic role of an elevated serum uric acid in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Increased oxidative stress could be involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Oxidative stress marker, serum uric acid (SUA) and serum malondialdyhyde level (S. MDA) are affected by both genetic and environmental factors and related to biological factors as gender, age and body mass. So, the aim of the study is to access the association of body mass index (BMI) with oxidative stress parameters in essential hypertension (EHT).Methods: For the said purpose, this case control study was carried out on a total of 200, age and sex matched 75 hypertensives, 75 prehypertensive and 50 healthy subjects. After diagnosis of cases, SUA was estimated by standard kit method and S. MDA was estimated manually by Buege and Aust method.Results: This study represents that systolic and diastolic blood pressure were increased with increased BMI in all groups. Oxidative stress marker, SUA and S. MDA level increased significantly with increasing BMI in all groups and were positively correlated.Conclusions: Our study indicates that monitoring of the blood pressure, SUA and S. MDA at regular interval and maintaining of the oxidative balance would be helpful in preventing the development of hypertension and associated cardio-vascular morbidities.
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Background: The aim was to estimate the Serum Malondialdehyde (MDA) in the various morphological types and clinical stages of Age Related (Senile) Cataract, a common cause of curable blindness, especially in India.Methods: This was a study of estimation of serum Malondialdehyde (MDA) in 100 patients of Age Related (Senile) cataract with 80 cases of Senile Cortical type (40 cases of Posterior subcapsular and 40 cases of Mature) and 20 cases of Senile Nuclear type (10 cases of early Grades of I and II and 10 cases of Advanced Grades of III and IV) and in 20 cases of normal controls in the age group of 45 to 70 years.Results: Serum MDA (nmol/ml) values of the Mean with SD were 3.34±0.93 (Range 2.02-4.65) in normal controls, 4.38±1.01 (Range 2.4 - 6.7) in senile cataract, 4.39±1.02 ((Range 2.4-6.7) in Senile Cortical Cataract with 3.82±0.73 (Range 2.4-5.1) in its Posterior Subcapsular stage and 4.96 ± 0.88 (Range 3.3-6.7) in its mature stage and 4.3±0.99 (Range 2.4-6.2) in Senile Nuclear cataract with 3.68±0.66 (Range 2.4-4.7) in its early Grades of I and II and 4.86±0.94 (Range 3.8-6.2) in its Advanced Grades of III and IV.Conclusions: The present study showed a significant increased concentration of Serum MDA in Senile cataract especially in the advanced later clinical stages or grades of maturity than in the earlier clinical stages or grades of immaturity of senile cortical or nuclear compared to normal controls. And there was no statistically significant difference between the morphological types of Age related (Senile) cataract i.e. Cortical Cataract compared to Nuclear Cataract.