ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effect of quality control circle (QCC) on reducing the incidence of moderate or severe malnutrition in gastric cancer patients under chemotherapy. Methods Before the activity (February to March 2016), 146 gastric cancer patients under chemotherapy were selected as the control group, and regular nutrition nursing (dietary guidance and regular nutrition-related health lectures) was given. After the activity (February to March 2017), 139 gastric cancer patients under chemotherapy were selected as QCC group, and the standard intervention of quality control circle was implemented. The nutritional status of patients before and after improvement was compared. Results After finding the cause and formulating and implementing the measures, the 24-hour consultation rate, the incomplete remission rate of nausea/ vomiting, the incidence of cancer anorexia, and the rate of missed visits in QCC group were significantly different with those in control group (P<0. 05). The incidence of moderate or severe malnutrition was 16. 55％ in QCC group and 65. 07％ in control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 01). Conclusions The quality control circle activity can effectively reduce the incidence of moderate or severe malnutrition and improve the quality of life in gastric cancer patients under chemotherapy. It can also improve the self-discipline and initiative of medical staff and improve the quality of medical care.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the effect of quality control circle(QCC)on reducing the incidence of moderate or severe malnutrition in gastric cancer patients under chemotherapy.@*Methods@#Before the activity (February to March 2016), 146 gastric cancer patients under chemotherapy were selected as the control group, and regular nutrition nursing (dietary guidance and regular nutrition-related health lectures) was given. After the activity (February to March 2017), 139 gastric cancer patients under chemotherapy were selected as QCC group, and the standard intervention of quality control circle was implemented. The nutritional status of patients before and after improvement was compared.@*Results@#After finding the cause and formulating and implementing the measures, the 24-hour consultation rate, the incomplete remission rate of nausea/vomiting, the incidence of cancer anorexia, and the rate of missed visits in QCC group were significantly different with those in control group (P<0.05). The incidence of moderate or severe malnutrition was 16.55% in QCC group and 65.07% in control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).@*Conclusions@#The quality control circle activity can effectively reduce the incidence of moderate or severe malnutrition and improve the quality of life in gastric cancer patients under chemotherapy. It can also improve the self-discipline and initiative of medical staff and improve the quality of medical care.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: la desnutrición severa infantil constituye un problema vigente en países pobres, porque los requerimientos nutrimentales se proporcionan de manera inadecuada. Las necesidades proteicas relacionadas con la tasa de crecimiento, se reflejan en la cantidad requerida de aminoácidos esenciales; del total de proteínas, la dieta de adultos debe contener 15 por ciento, y la de lactantes entre 33 y 37 por ciento de estos aminoácidos. La calidad proteica se obtiene calculando el escore de aminoácidos, a partir del cual se diseñó el patrón seguro para diferentes grupos de edades, que incluye composición en aminoácidos esenciales, sus proporciones y digestibilidad, y es adecuada cuando estas proporciones satisfacen los requerimientos de nitrógeno para crecimiento, síntesis, y reparación tisular. Objetivos: determinar la calidad proteica de la dieta de lactantes con desnutrición severa, ingresados en el Hospital Francisco Icaza Bustamante de Guayaquil, Ecuador, durante el periodo 2009-2010; y los específicos, diagnosticar el tipo de desnutrición severa de los pacientes, identificar el perfil de aminoácidos en la dieta de los casos de estudio, así como establecer el valor biológico de las proteínas dietéticas que reciben. Métodos: estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, observacional, descriptivo, analítico y de corte transversal, en lactantes con diagnóstico de desnutrición severa. La población incluyó a todos los pacientes con desnutrición severa, menores de 24 meses de edad; la muestra fue de 33 pacientes, basada en criterios de selección. Para evaluar calidad proteica se utilizó el Escore de Aminoácidos Corregido por Digestibilidad Proteica, comparando el perfil dietético con las necesidades del niño(AU)
Introduction: severe childhood malnutrition is a current health problem in poor countries because nutritional requirements are inadequately met. Protein needs related to growth rates are reflected in the volume required of essential amino acids. Of the total proteins, the diet of adults should contain 15 percent and that of infants between 33 and 37 percent of these amino acids. Protein quality was obtained by estimating the score of amino acids, starting from which a safe pattern was designed for different age groups, including the composition as to essential amino acids, their proportions and digestibility. It is considered to be adequate when these proportions meet the nitrogen requirements for growth, synthesis and tissue repair. Objectives: determine the protein quality of the diet of infants with severe malnutrition staying at Francisco Icaza Bustamante hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador, during the period 2009-2010. Specific objectives are to diagnose the type of severe malnutrition of patients, identify the amino acid profile in the diet of the study cases, and establish the biological value of the diet proteins they receive. Methods: a quantitative cross-sectional analytical descriptive observational study was conducted of infants diagnosed with severe malnutrition. The study population included all the patients with severe malnutrition aged under 24 months. The sample was 33 patients, based on selection criteria. Protein quality was evaluated with the Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score, comparing the dietary profile with the needs of the child. Results: statistical analysis showed that all patients had several limiting amino acids in their diet. Conclusions: the diet of infants with severe malnutrition has a poor protein quality, with an amino acid coefficient inadequate for synthesis functions and the consequent negative impact on growth and development(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Amino Acids , Diet, High-Protein/methods , Severe Acute Malnutrition/diet therapy , Cross-Sectional Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Nutrition Assessment , Observational StudyABSTRACT
Objective To assess the nutritional status of severe malnutrition patients with anorexia nervosa by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance technique, and to provide the basis for nutritional support therapy. Methods A prospective study was conducted. Twenty-six severe malnutrition patients with anorexia nervosa, body mass index (BMI)≤16 kg/m2admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of Peking University Third Hospital and general three ward of Peking University Sixth Hospital from June 1st to September 30th, 2017 were enrolled. The extracellular water (ECW), intracellular water (ICW), ECW/ICW ratio, adipose tissue mass (ATM), lean tissue mass (LTM), total body water/body weight (TBW/WT), ATM/WT, and LTM/WT were measured by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance meter. Thirty-eighty healthy volunteers with normal nutritional status (23.0 kg/m2> BMI > 18.5 kg/m2) matched by gender and height were enrolled as healthy control group. The predictive value of main body composition for nutritional status were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results All the patients were female. There was no significant difference in height between two groups, but WT and BMI in the severe malnutrition group were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group [WT (kg): 38.1±4.9 vs. 54.2±3.3, BMI (kg/m2): 13.6±2.5 vs. 21.2±1.1, both 1 < 0.01]. Compared with the healthy control group, the ECW, ICW, ATM, LTM, ATM/WT and LTM/WT were significantly decreased in the severe malnutrition group [ECW (L): 9.02±0.42 vs. 10.19±0.77, ICW (L):12.6±0.9 vs.19.1±1.3, ATM (kg): 9.3±1.1 vs. 16.6±1.9, LTM (kg): 16.5±1.5 vs. 26.1±1.7, ATM/WT: 0.26±0.02 vs. 0.30±0.02, LTM/WT: 0.22±0.02 vs. 0.26±0.01, all 1 < 0.01], the ECW/ICW and TBW/WT were significantly increased in the severe malnutrition group (ECW/ICW: 0.72±0.06 vs. 0.54±0.06, TBW/WT: 0.58±0.02 vs. 0.52±0.02, both 1 < 0.01). It was shown by ROC curve analysis that the area under ROC curve (AUC) of TBW/WT、ATM/WT、LTM/WT for evaluating severe malnutrition were 0.999, 0.919, 0.954 respectively; when the cut-off of TBW/WT,ATM/WT, LTM/WT were 0.58, 0.28, 0.24 respectively, the sensitivity were 100%, 85%, 80% respectively, and the specificity were 95%, 80%, 91% respectively. Conclusion Main body composition of severe malnutrition patients with anorexia nervosa changed significantly. Bioelectrical impedance technology can be an effective assessment tool for the nutritional status of such patients.
ABSTRACT
El síndrome de realimentación ocurre como consecuencia de la reintroducción de alimentos en pacientes malnutridos. Se realizó estudio de tipo observacional, prospectivo, no experimental y comparativo. Se midieron los niveles de fósforo en niños desnutridos graves y eutróficos al ingreso y al día 7 después de iniciada la alimentación con el objetivo de relacionar los niveles séricos de fósforo con el síndrome de realimentación en niños desnutridos graves atendidos en el Servicio de Emergencia de Pediatría Hospital Universitario de Maracaibo. Venezuela, desde junio 2010 hasta junio 2011. Se incluyeron 60 niños, entre 1 mes y 4 años, de ambos sexos, divididos en 2 grupos: Grupo A n=30 niños desnutridos graves y Grupo B n=30 niños eutróficos. En ambos grupos predominaron los lactantes de 1 a 23 meses con el 86,7% y el 60% respectivamente. Fueron del sexo masculino el 70% y 73% en cada grupo. El fósforo sérico en el grupo A al ingreso fue de 3,17 ± 0,98 mg/dl y a los siete días 2,48 ± 1,01 mg/dl, estadísticamente significativo p = 0,002; sin manifestaciones clínicas. En el grupo B no hubo significancia estadística con p=0,569 al comparar los valores del fósforo sérico al ingreso y al día 7. Tres niños del grupo A murieron. Se observo en el presente estudio que los niños desnutridos graves presentaron disminución del fósforo sérico al ser realimentados. Nuevas líneas de investigación deben hacerse para aumentar los conocimientos actuales sobre ésta condición(AU)
Refeeding syndrome occurs as a result of the reintroduction of food in malnourished patients. Observational, prospective, non experimental and comparative study was performed. Phosphorus levels in severely malnourished children and healthy children was measured at admission and at 7 days after initiation of feeding in order to associate the concentration of serum phosphorus with refeeding syndrome in severely malnourished children hospitalized at the Pediatric Emergency Service University Hospital of Maracaibo, Venezuela, from June 2010 to June 2011. We included 60 children between 1 month and 4 years and both sexes, divided into 2 groups: Group A n = 30 serious malnourished children and Group B (control) n = 30 eutrophic children. In both groups predominated the infants 1 to 23 months with 86.7% and 60% respectively. 70% and 73% were male both group. In Group A, there was statistical significance betwee the serum phosphorus at the beginning (3.17 ± 0.98 mg/dl) and at seven days of hospitalization 2.48 ± 1.01 mg/dl, p = 0.002; without clinical manifestations. In Group B there was no statistical significance with p=0,569 to compare values of serum phosphorus income and day 7. Three children of the group A died. It was observed in this study that serious malnourished children presented the serum phosphorus decreased to be refueled. New lines of research should be expanded in this area to increase current knowledge about this condition(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Phosphorus/analysis , Child Nutrition Disorders , Refeeding Syndrome/diagnostic imaging , Body Mass Index , Deficiency Diseases , Diet, Food, and NutritionABSTRACT
Hypocalcaemia is common in severely-malnourished children and is often associated with fatal outcome. There is very limited information on the clinical predicting factors of hypocalcaemia in hospitalized severely- malnourished under-five children. Our objective was to evaluate the prevalence, clinical predicting factors, and outcome of hypocalcaemia in such children. In this case-control study, all severely-malnourished under-five children (n=333) admitted to the Longer Stay Ward (LSW), High Dependency Unit (HDU), and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Dhaka Hospital of icddr,b between April 2011 and April 2012, who also had their total serum calcium estimated, were enrolled. Those who presented with hypocalcaemia (serum calcium <2.12 mmol/L) constituted the cases (n=87), and those admitted without hypocalcaemia (n=246) constituted the control group in our analysis. The prevalence of hypocalcaemia among severelymalnourished under-five children was 26% (87/333). The fatality rate among cases was significantly higher than that in the controls (17% vs 5%; p<0.001). Using logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for potential confounders, such as vomiting, abdominal distension, and diastolic hypotension, we identified acute watery diarrhoea (AWD) (OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.08-4.43, p=0.030), convulsion on admission (OR 21.86, 95% CI 2.57-185.86, p=0.005), and lethargy (OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.633-5.46, p=0.006) as independent predictors of hypocalcaemia in severely-malnourished children. It is concluded, severely-malnourished children presenting with hypocalcaemia have an increased risk of death than those without hypocalcaemia. AWD, convulsion, and lethargy assessed on admission to hospital are the clinical predictors of hypocalcaemia in such children. Presence of these features in hospitalized children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) should alert clinicians about the possibility of hypocalcaemia and may help undertake potential preventive measures, such as calcium supplementation, in addition to other aspects of management of such children, especially in the resource-poor settings.
ABSTRACT
Presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) as acute pneumonia in severely-malnourished and HIVpositive children has received very little attention, although this is very important in the management of pneumonia in children living in communities where TB is highly endemic. Our aim was to identify confirmed TB in children with acute pneumonia and HIV infection and/or severe acute malnutrition (SAM) (weight-for-length/height or weight-for-age z score <-3 of the WHO median, or presence of nutritional oedema). We conducted a literature search, using PubMed and Web of Science in April 2013 for the period from January 1974 through April 2013. We included only those studies that reported confirmed TB identified by acid fast bacilli (AFB) through smear microscopy, or by culture-positive specimens from children with acute pneumonia and SAM and/or HIV infection. The specimens were collected either from induced sputum (IS), or gastric lavage (GL), or broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL), or percutaneous lung aspirates (LA). Pneumonia was defined as the radiological evidence of lobar or patchy consolidation and/or clinical evidence of severe/ very severe pneumonia according to the WHO criteria of acute respiratory infection. A total of 17 studies met our search criteria but 6 were relevant for our review. Eleven studies were excluded as those did not assess the HIV status of the children or specify the nutritional status of the children with acute pneumonia and TB. We identified only 747 under-five children from the six relevant studies that determined a tubercular aetiology of acute pneumonia in children with SAM and/or positive HIV status. Three studies were reported from South Africa and one each from the Gambia, Ethiopia, and Thailand where 610, 90, 35, and 12 children were enrolled and 64 (10%), 23 (26%), 5 (14%), and 1 (8%) children were identified with active TB respectively, with a total of 93 (12%) children with active TB. Among 610 HIV-infected children in three studies from South Africa and 137 SAM children from other studies, 64 (10%) and 29 (21%) isolates of M. tuberculosis were identified respectively. Children from South Africa were infected with HIV without specification of their nutritional status whereas children from other countries had SAM but without indication of their HIV status. Our review of the existing data suggests that pulmonary tuberculosis may be more common than it is generally suspected in children with acute pneumonia and SAM, or HIV infection. Because of the scarcity of data, there is an urgent need to investigate PTB as one of the potential aetiologies of acute pneumonia in these children in a carefully-conducted larger study, especially outside Africa.
ABSTRACT
A nine-month old boy was initially admitted at the Acute Respiratory Infection Unit of Dhaka Hospital of icddr,b and soon after transferred to the Intensive Care Unit of the same hospital. The boy had problems of very severe pneumonia (confirmed by radiology), severe hypoxaemia, severe malnutrition, and Down’s syndrome. The patient was treated according to the hospital protocol for the management of pneumonia and malnutrition. During the hospital stay, hypoxaemia was persistent with very little improvement of pneumonia; a number of differentials, such as pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, lymph-node tuberculosis, were added to the problems. Subsequently, the patient’s hypoxaemia improved with the empirical use of antitubercular drugs. However, the patient again developed persistent hypoxaemia and, after unsuccessful treatment for a hospital-acquired pneumonia, the problems further expanded to include interstitial lung disease (ILD). This was confirmed by high-resolution computed tomography, and the patient was treated with prednisolone for 6 months, along with antitubercular drugs. He fully recovered from ILD, hypoxaemia, and pneumonia both clinically and radiologically. Therefore, severely-malnourished children having wet cough and pneumonia with persistent hypoxaemia should be assessed for the possible existence of interstitial lung disease. This may help provide a prompt and appropriate management to reduce morbidity and deaths in such patients.
ABSTRACT
[Objective] To sum up Mr. Wang Xugao's experience in treating infants diseases. [Method] By analysis on infants medical cases treated by Mr. Wang Xugao such as fetus scare, child tuberculosis, Severe Malnutrition, acute asthmatic attack in children,etc., sum up his features in treating such dis-eases. [Result] In treating infants diseases, he pays attention to differentiation and analysis of organs deficiency and excessiveness, very according with the gist of Mr. Qian Yi's theory of infants physiologytender organs, un-enough Qi bloodand pathology easy deficiency and excessiveness, easy cold and hot. [Conclusion] Mr. Wang's treatment on infants diseases is flexible and changeable, with good cure effect.
ABSTRACT
El riesgo de desnutrición infantil está relacionado con prácticas inadecuadas de lactancia materna, destete, incorporación de nuevos alimentos, hábitos y conductas alimentarias, especialmente durante el primer año de vida. El objetivo del presente trabajo es determinar la presencia de estos factores en lactantes menores con desnutrición grave hospitalizados por esta causa, que pudiesen haber favorecido esta situación. Se realizó un estudio transversal en julio-octubre 2006, en lactantes entre 1 y 11 meses, con desnutrición grave: Marasmo, Kwashiorkor o Mixto. Antes de la hospitalización, se recopiló información sobre tipo de lactancia, tipo y dilución de fórmula láctea, inicio y progresión de alimentación complementaria, horario y frecuencia de comidas, lugar de consumo, duración y compañía durante las comidas, y presencia de elementos distractores. La asociación entre las variables se determinó con la prueba Chi cuadrado (X²). La duración de lactancia materna exclusiva fue menor de seis meses en el 55% de los casos. Fórmulas infantiles y leche entera de vaca fueron iniciados precozmente, siendo la dilución inadecuada. El destete se realizó antes de los 3 meses en 74,2%, por razones injustificadas, y 43,3% iniciaron la alimentación complementaria antes de los 3 meses. Sin embargo, la progresión fue adecuada y dirigida principalmente por las madres. El horario, número de comidas, lugar de alimentación y tipo de acompañante, fueron adecuados. La identificación temprana de hábitos y/o conductas alimentarias inadecuadas en grupos de riesgo, permitirá establecer precozmente medidas sobre estas prácticas y así disminuir la probabilidad de desarrollar algún tipo de desnutrición.
The risk of child's malnutrition is related to inadequate breast feeding practices, weaning, and incorporation of new eating habits and feeding behaviors, especially during the first year of life. The objective of this study is to investigate the presence of these factors in infants with severe malnutrition hospitalized for this cause, which could have contributed to this situation. A transversal study was conducted in July-October 2006, in infants between 1 and 11 months, with severe malnutrition: marasmus, kwashiorkor or mixed. Previous to hospitalization, information about type of lactation, type and dilution of milk formula, onset and progression of supplementary feeding, feeding schedule and frequency of meals, feeding place, duration of and company durin gmeals, and presence of distracting elements, were collected. Association between variables was determined with Chi square test (X²). The duration of exclusive breast feeding was less than six months in 55% of cases. Infants formulas and whole cow milk were initiated early, with inadequate dilution. 74 % of infants were weaned before 3 months of age for unjustified reasons, and 43,3 % began complementary feeding before this age. However, progression was adequate and directed primarily by mothers. Schedule, number of meals, feeding place and company during meals was adequate. Early identification of inadequate habits and/or feeding behaviors in risk groups, will allow prompt implementation of appropriate measures to decrease the probability of developing some type of malnutrition.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/etiology , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/pathology , Infant Formula/administration & dosage , Protein-Energy Malnutrition , Feeding Behavior , Feeding Behavior , Infant Nutrition Disorders/physiopathologyABSTRACT
El estudio se efectuó con el objetivo de evaluar el estado nutricional de pacientes onco-hematológicos en un hospital de referencia del sistema de seguridad social. Fue un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en 150 pacientes hospitalizados en los servicios de Oncología y Hematología del Hospital Materno Infantil de la Caja Nacional de Salud. La evaluación del estado nutricional se realizó mediante la escala de Valoración Global Subjetiva además de la determinación del IMC. La descripción se realizó por medio de frecuencias, porcentajes totales, medias, medianas y desviación estándar, las frecuencias de asociación fueron analizadas con la prueba del Chi cuadrado (X²). El 30 % de pacientes fue clasificado como "malnutrición grave", el 52.7% como "con riesgo de malnutrición" y el 17.3% de los pacientes como con buen estado nutricional. Los pacientes con cáncer hospitalizados en el Hospital Materno Infantil presentan una elevada frecuencia de "riesgo de malnutrición" y "malnutrición grave". La escala de Valoración Subjetiva Global, es un método válido de evaluación nutricional inicial; es sensible, específico y sencillo de realizar.
The study was performed in order to evaluate the nutritional status of onco-haematological patients at a referral hospital of the social security system. It was a observational, descriptive and cross-sectional in 150 patients hospitalized in the Oncology and Hematology departments, in the Materno Infantil Hospital of the Caja Nacional de Salud. The evaluation of nutritional status was performed by the Subjective Global Assessment Scale as well as determination of IMC. The description was carried out by means offrequency, total percentages, averages, median and standard deviation; the frequencies of association were analyzed using the Chi square test (X²); 30% of patients were classified as "severe malnutrition", 52.7% as "with malnutrition risk" and 17.3% as "with good nutritional condition". Cancer patients hospitalized at the Materno Infantil Hospital have high frequency of "malnutrition risk" and "severe malnutrition." The Subjective Global Assessment Scale is a valid method of initial nutritional evaluation; it is sensitive, specific and easy to carry out.
Subject(s)
Nutritional StatusABSTRACT
One of the most important purposes of anthropological studies of human skeletons protocol is the determination of sex. Some skulls may be wrongly classified due to systemic conditions presented during the life of individuals who affected the muscle forces that act on bones, as is the case of severe malnutrition. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of severe malnutrition on morphological determinants of sexual dimorphism classically studied in the visual analysis of the skull. 163 human skulls were analized with sex, age and cause of death known, belonging to the collection of Universidad Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP). We performed visual inspection of the skull and diagnosis of sex based on size and overall architecture of the skull, an aspect of the zygomatic bone, size and roughness of the mastoid process, ridges of the occipital bone and general appearance of the jaw. The skulls were classified into two groups according to whether severe malnutrition had described in his cause of death (n=60) or had other cause of death (n=103). The results of the inspection were compared with the registry to determine the accuracy in diagnosis and sensitivity of the method for male and female in both groups analyzed. In the group with malnutrition the best indicator was the appearance of the zygomatic bone, with a 86.6 percent accuracy. In another group closely was found in the size of the mastoid (87.3 percent). In both groups the highest values of sensitivity were for male (83.3-95.3 percent). The sensitivity to female showed lower values in the group without malnutrition (69.2-76.9 percent) than in the group with malnutrition (72.4-89.65 percent), these differences were statistically significant (p<0.05 ).
Uno de los propósitos más importantes del protocolo antropológico de estudios de osamentas humanas, es la determinación del sexo. Algunos cráneos pueden ser clasificados erróneamente debido a condiciones sistémicas presentadas durante la vida de individuos que hayan afectado a las fuerzas musculares que actúan sobre el hueso, como es el caso de la desnutrición severa. El propósito de este estudio fue determinar la exactitud y confiabilidad, sobre los parámetros morfológicos determinantes de dimorfismo sexual, clásicamente estudiados en el análisis visual del cráneo, para los dos grupos que componen la muestra, uno con desnutrición acompañando el momento del deceso y otro con causa de muerte sin ese factor acompañante. Se utilizaron 163 cráneos humanos de sexo, edad y causa de muerte conocido, pertenecientes a la colección de la UNIFESP. Se realizaron la inspección visual del cráneo y el diagnóstico de sexo en base a: tamaño y arquitectura general del cráneo, aspecto del hueso cigomático, tamaño y rugosidades del proceso mastoides, rugosidades del hueso occipital y aspecto general de la mandíbula. Los cráneos fueron clasificados en dos grupos, de acuerdo a si presentaron desnutrición severa descrita en su causa de muerte (n=60) o presentaban otra causa de muerte (n=103). Los resultados de la inspección se compararon con la del registro para determinar la exactitud en el diagnóstico y la sensibilidad del método para hombres y mujeres, en los dos grupos analizados. En el grupo con desnutrición, el mejor indicador resultó el aspecto del hueso cigomático, con un 86,6 por ciento de exactitud. En el otro grupo, la mayor exactitud se encontró en el tamaño del proceso mastoides (87,3 por ciento). En ambos grupos, los mayores valores de sensibilidad fueron para hombres (83,3-95,3 por ciento). La sensibilidad para mujeres presentó menores valores en el grupo sin desnutrición (69,2-76,9 por ciento) que en el grupo con desnutrición (72,4-89,65 por...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Forensic Anthropology/methods , Skull/anatomy & histology , Malnutrition/diagnosis , Sex Characteristics , Brazil , Cause of Death , Zygoma/anatomy & histology , Observer Variation , Predictive Value of Tests , Mastoid/anatomy & histologyABSTRACT
Objective:To discuss the effect of individualized physical exercise prescription on patients’ nutrition status, physical ability and self-care ability in patients with intestinal fistula and severe malnutrition. Methods:Twenty-four patients were divided randomly into two groups, the experiment group exercised according to physical exercise prescription, control group exercised in a routine way. The patients’ weight, physical ability and self-care ability were measured on the day before exercise and the 28th day after exercise. Results:Patients in the exercise group had significant more exercise than those in the routine group, and the physical ability and self-care ability were significant better that those in the routine group. Conclusion:Individualized physical exercise prescription can accelerate the recovery of physical ability and self-care ability, it can be used safely and effectively in patients with intestinal fistula and severe malnutrition.