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1.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 89(1): 22-29, Jan.-Feb. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1420916

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To investigate the effect of Wendler glottoplasty on voice feminization, voice quality and voice-related quality of life. Methods: Prospective interventional cohort of transgender women submitted to Wendler glottoplasty. Acoustic analysis of the voice included assessment of fundamental frequency, maximum phonation time formant frequencies (F1 and F2), frequency range, jitter and shimmer. Voice quality was blindly assessed through GRBAS scale. Voice-related quality of life was measured using the Trans Woman Voice Questionnaire and the self-perceived femininity of the voice. Results: A total of 7 patients were included. The mean age was 35.4 years, and the mean postoperative follow-up time was 13.7 months. There was a mean increase of 47.9 ± 46.6 Hz (p = 0.023) in sustained/e/F0 and a mean increase of 24.6 ± 27.5 Hz (p = 0.029) in speaking F0 after glottoplasty. There was no statistical significance in the pre- and postoperative comparison of maximum phonation time, formant frequencies, frequency range, jitter, shimmer, and grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, and strain scale. Trans Woman Voice Questionnaire decreased following surgery from 98.3 ± 9.2 to 54.1 ± 25.0 (p = 0.007) and mean self-perceived femininity of the voice increased from 2.8 ± 1.8 to 7.7 ± 2.4 (p = 0.008). One patient (14%) presented a postoperative granuloma and there was 1 (14%) premature suture dehiscence. Conclusion: Glottoplasty is safe and effective for feminizing the voice of transgender women. There was an increase in fundamental frequency, without aggravating other acoustic parameters or voice quality. Voice-related quality of life improved after surgery.

2.
Salud ment ; 45(3): 115-123, May.-Jun. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1395095

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction Voice is a gender marker and can therefore be a source of gender dysphoria. There is a relationship between symptoms of anxiety and depression and voice-related difficulties in trans women (TW). Hormonal replacement treatment (HRT) in TW does not play a role in voice feminization. Access to voice feminization procedures is limited while the population demanding transgender healthcare is increasing. Objective To describe the degree of voice-related dysphoria experienced by TW that seek a voice feminization treatment. Method A descriptive, cross-sectional study, 26 TW completed quality of life (QoL) questionnaires and stated their reasons for seeking voice feminization. Fundamental frequency (f0) was measured. Results 77% of the participants were legally recognized as women, 96% were under HRT, and 27% had a history of gender affirmation surgery. Median f0 for TW was 131 Hz. f0 had a poor correlation with QoL measures. The mean score in the Trans Women Voice Questionnaire was 95 (SD = 14.3). Achieving a feminine voice that allows gender conformity was the main reason for seeking treatment. Discussion and conclusion Voice non-conformity affects QoL. None of the participants perceived their voice as feminine while 97% described their ideal voice as feminine. The inability to satisfy gender assurance needs has a detrimental effect on QoL. Improving access to affirmation procedures in public institutions without pathologization of transgender people is a pending agenda. Despite evidence that TW benefit from voice feminization treatments, it is difficult to define how to measure success.


Resumen Introducción La voz es un marcador de género y como tal puede ocasionar disforia de género. Existe una relación entre la ansiedad y la depresión y las dificultades relacionadas con la voz en mujeres trans (MT). La terapia de sustitución hormonal (TSH) en MT no feminiza la voz. El acceso a un tratamiento de feminización de voz es limitado, mientras que la población que demanda servicios de salud transgénero está aumentando. Objetivo Describir el grado de disforia relacionado con la voz de las MT que buscan un tratamiento de feminización de voz. Método Estudio descriptivo, transversal, 26 MT respondieron cuestionarios de calidad de vida (CV) y expresaron los motivos para buscar feminizar su voz. Se midió la frecuencia fundamental (f0). Resultados El 77% de las participantes eran reconocidas legalmente como mujeres, 96% tomaban TSH y 27% tenía antecedente de una cirugía de afirmación de género. La mediana de la f0 fue de 131 Hz. El puntaje medio en el Cuestionario de Voz para Mujeres Trans fue de 95 puntos (DE = 14.3) y tuvo una mala correlación con la f0. La expectativa principal fue lograr una voz femenina que permitiera una conformidad de género. Discusión y conclusión Una voz género-discordante afecta la CV. El 97% describió que su voz ideal sería femenina, pero ninguna percibió su voz como tal. La incapacidad para satisfacer las necesidades de afirmación de género tiene un efecto negativo sobre la CV. Mejorar el acceso a procedimientos de afirmación de género en instituciones públicas sin patologizar a las personas transgénero es una agenda pendiente. Existe evidencia de que los procedimientos de feminización de voz benefician a las MT, aunque se desconoce cuál es la mejor manera de medir el éxito.

3.
Femina ; 50(9): 560-567, 2022. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1397893

ABSTRACT

O objetivo foi avaliar as barreiras de acesso ao Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) pela população trans em comparação aos demais usuários. Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa até 20 de janeiro de 2022, nas bases de dados PubMed e SciELO, usando as palavras-chave: "transexual", "transgênero", "transexualismo", "transexualidade" e "travesti" e as palavras "saúde" e "Brasil" ou "SUS". Selecionaram-se 34 artigos, em português, inglês ou espanhol, de 2008 a 2021. Os principais pontos levantados foram a incompreensão e preconceito dos profissionais de saúde; a patologização da transexualidade; a vulnerabilidade da população à automedicação; a resistência ao uso do nome social e ao pronome correto pelos profissionais de saúde; a centralização regional do processo transexualizador e sua duração. Portanto, conclui- se que existem diversas dificuldades para o acesso da população trans ao SUS, o que, além de implicar um aumento da vulnerabilidade e exclusão social, revela uma falha no sistema de saúde.(AU)


The objective was to assess the hurdles the trans population had to face when accessing Brazil's Unified Health System (SUS), in comparison to the rest of the users. A narrative review was made up to January 20th, 2022, in PubMed and SciELO database, by using the keywords: "transexual", "transgender", "transsexualism", "transsexuality", "cross- -dresser", and the words: "health" and "Brazil" or "SUS", individually. In total, 34 articles in Portuguese, English and Spanish were chosen, from 2008 to 2021. The main remarks were misunderstanding and prejudice coming from health professionals; transsexuality pathologizing; population vulnerability of self-medication; reluctance to use the chosen name or proper pronoun by health professionals; regional centralization and duration of the transitioning process. Therefore, it may be concluded that there are several hardships that the trans population face when accessing SUS, which, besides the increase of vulnerability and social exclusion, reveals a flaw in the health system.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Transsexualism , Sex Reassignment Procedures , Transgender Persons , Health Services for Transgender Persons/supply & distribution , Barriers to Access of Health Services , Databases, Bibliographic , Health Vulnerability , Sexual and Gender Minorities
4.
CoDAS ; 33(1): e20190188, 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286095

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Apresentar o Protocolo de Atendimento Vocal do Ambulatório Trans (PAV-trans) e o Programa de Redesignação Vocal (PRV-trans) para pessoas trans. Método O protocolo é composto pelas seguintes etapas: 1) encaminhamento do usuário; 2) avaliação fonoaudiológica, aplicação de protocolos de autopercepção, encaminhamento para avaliação otorrinolaringológica e definição da conduta: terapia individualizada (fonte sonora) ou PRV-trans para filtro vocal; 3) PRV-trans, contendo 12 parâmetros vocais a serem trabalhados mensalmente de forma individual e em grupo com os usuários; 4) Após finalizado o PRV-Trans, o usuário é encaminhado para reavaliação fonoaudiológica e otorrinolaringológica, no qual será observado se o objetivo da redesignação vocal foi alcançado. Resultados O PRV-Trans é um programa que visa o desenvolvimento de um trabalho de filtro vocal para a população trans, que seja flexível e que contemple as queixas dessa população, no qual apresenta dificuldades de acesso ao serviço de saúde. Conclusão O PAV-trans e o PRV-trans são ferramentas que podem subsidiar o atendimento fonoaudiológico às pessoas trans no Brasil, traçando mecanismos que possibilitem maior segurança às pessoas trans em busca de uma passabilidade social por meio da voz, minimizando a transfobia, estabelecendo um conforto e a satisfação social.


ABSTRACT Purpose To present the Trans Ambulatory Vocal Protocol (AVP-trans) and the Vocal Redesignation Program (VRP-trans). Methods The protocol consists of the following steps: 1) user routing; 2) speech therapy evaluation, application of self-perception protocols, referral for otorhinolaryngological evaluation and definition of conduct: individualized therapy (sound source) or VRP-trans for vocal filter; 3) VRP-trans, containing 12 vocal parameters to be worked monthly individually and in a group with the users; 4) After the end of the VRP-trans, the user is referred for vocal re-evaluation and otorhinolaryngological re-evaluation, in which it will be observed if the objective of the vocal redesignation was reached. Results VRP-trans is a program that aims at developing a vocal filter work for the transgender population, flexible and that contemplates the complaints of this population, in which it presents difficulties to access the health service. Conclusion AVP-trans and VRP-trans are tools that can subsidize the speech therapy for transgender people in Brazil, outlining mechanisms that allow greater confidence for transgenders in search of social passiveness through voice, minimizing transphobia, establishing comfort and social acceptance.


Subject(s)
Humans , Voice , Voice Disorders/therapy , Voice Quality , Voice Training , Brazil
5.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 34(1): 65-72, jan.-mar. 2019. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-994547

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A cirurgia de adequação genital tem se mostrado uma opção segura e confiável, com redução drástica na disforia e melhora da qualidade de vida das pessoas transgênero. A técnica mais estudada e utilizada é a inversão peniana com suas modificações, com aparência estética e funcionalidade adequadas, porém sem padronização da técnica cirúrgica. Índices de até 38% de satisfação parcial e 15% de insatisfação podem levar até 66% dos casos a realizar procedimentos adicionais. O objetivo é sugerir refinamentos estéticos na aparência da vulva e comparar com algumas das técnicas descritas, buscando aumentar a satisfação estética e funcional pós-operatória. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo com 7 pacientes submetidas à cirurgia de readequação sexual entre agosto de 2017 e fevereiro de 2018. O clitóris é feito com a glande em formato de tridente, utilizando a coroa para construir os corpos cavernosos do clitóris e aumentar a área de sensação erógena. Faixa de prepúcio é usada para aumentar a cobertura do clitóris e cobrir a face interna dos pequenos lábios, que são definidos com o uso de suturas. Resultados: Sensibilidade adequada e satisfação com o resultado e capacidade de orgasmo em todas as pacientes observadas. Não houve estenose, fístula ou necrose do clitóris com essa técnica. Somente 1 caso precisou de procedimento adicional para melhor definição estética. Conclusão: A técnica apresentada tem alta satisfação das pacientes e sensibilidade erógena, com algumas vantagens em relação a outras técnicas. Porém, estudos prospectivos com número maior de pacientes são necessários para definir a técnica cirúrgica mais efetiva.


Introduction: Sex reassignment surgery is a reliable and safe option, which has drastically reduced dysphoria and improved the quality of life of transgender individuals. The most studied and used technique is penile inversion with modifications, which results in appropriate esthetic appearance and functionality, but the surgical technique has not been standardized. Partial satisfaction rates up to 38% and dissatisfaction rates of 15% may cause up to 66% of cases to undergo additional procedures. The objective is to suggest esthetic refinements to the appearance of the vulva and compare some of the techniques described, seeking to increase the postoperative esthetic and functional satisfaction. Methods: A retrospective study with 7 patients undergoing sex reassignment surgery between August 2017 and February 2018 was conducted. The clitoris is constructed with the glans in the form of a trident, using the corona to build the corpus cavernosa of the clitoris and increase the area of erogenous sensation. A section of the prepuce is used to increase the coverage of the clitoris and cover the inner surface of the labia minora, which are defined with the use of sutures. Results: Adequate sensitivity and satisfaction with the result and capacity of orgasm in all patients were observed. There was no stenosis, fistula, or necrosis of the clitoris with this technique. Only 1 case needed an additional procedure for better esthetic definition. Conclusion: The technique presented leads to high patient satisfaction and erogenous sensitivity, with some advantages compared to other techniques. However, prospective studies with larger numbers of patients are needed to define a more effective surgical technique.


Subject(s)
Humans , Transsexualism/surgery , Vulva/surgery , Vulva/physiopathology , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Esthetics , Sex Reassignment Procedures/adverse effects , Sex Reassignment Procedures/methods , Sex Reassignment Surgery/adverse effects , Sex Reassignment Surgery/methods , Sex Reassignment Surgery/rehabilitation , Transgender Persons
6.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 22(5): 1509-1520, maio 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-839967

ABSTRACT

Resumo Este estudo objetivou analisar como o Ministério da Saúde (MS) vem implementando o Processo Transexualizador (PrTr) no SUS, por meio da pesquisa de documentos oficiais de domínio público, sistematização de dados quantitativos e análise das memórias do Comitê Técnico de Saúde LGBT (CTSLGBT) do MS. A pesquisa exploratória combinou métodos quanti e qualitativos de estudo, tomando como base metodológica a proposta normativa de pesquisa de avaliação de programas e sistemas de saúde. O estudo resultou no cômputo total das cirurgias de redesignação sexual realizadas no SUS (2008-2016), que evidenciam nulidade de óbitos e desigualdades regionais de acesso; e no acompanhamento das ações de implementação da Política Nacional de Saúde Integral Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Travestis e Transexuais (PNSILGBT) por comitê específico designado pelo MS. Mesmo com avanços consideráveis, os desafios persistem, sendo o mais ameaçador, atualmente, a possibilidade de retrocesso imposta por setores conservadores do executivo e legislativo. Portanto, a visibilidade das ações já conquistadas é um passo decisivo para manutenção e potencialização do PrTr no SUS.


Abstract This study aimed to analyze how the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MS) is implementing the Sex Reassignment Process (SRP) in the Unified Health System (SUS), through research of public domain official documents, systematization of surgery’s quantitative data and analysis of meeting reports of the LGBT Health Technical Committee (CTSLGBT) of the MS. We conducted exploratory research combining quantitative and qualitative methods, using as methodological basis the normative proposal of health programs and systems evaluation study. The study resulted in the total data calculation of sex reassignment surgeries performed by the SUS (2008-2016), which highlight no deaths and unequal regional access; and in the monitoring of the implementation of actions of the National LGBT Health Policy by a specific committee appointed by the MS. Despite considerable progress, challenges remain. Currently, the most threatening hurdle is the possibility of a setback imposed by conservative sectors from the Executive and Legislative branches. Therefore, the visibility of achievements is a decisive step toward maintaining and enhancing SRP in the SUS.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , Sex Reassignment Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Health Services Accessibility , National Health Programs/organization & administration , Public Policy , Brazil , Sexual and Gender Minorities , Health Policy
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