Knowledge and Perception of Child Maltreatment among Parents of Under 18children in a Metropolitan City: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction : Child maltreatment is the abuse and neglect that occurs to children under 18 years of age. It includes all types of physical and/or emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect, negligence and commercial or other exploitation. To assess the Knowledge and perception of Child maltreatmentObjective : among parents of Under 18 children. This was a Cross-Sectional Study done among parents ofMethod : paediatric patients (aged under 18 years) who attended a private tertiary level hospital. A total of 324 selected parents were interviewed during the study period. The study was conducted in the form of a questionnaire which consisted of 3 parts. In the study 96.2% of the parents who participated wereResults : aware of the term “child abuse” but among them, 6.1% were unaware of the fact that there are different types of abuse. More than 2/3 (76.85%) of the parents felt that alcohol influences the behavior of predators ofrd child abuse. Overall, age, education level, and marital status were the statistically significant factors in the current study. The parents in our society today are aware of what child abuse is and its influenceConclusion: on children, society, and the community in general but the knowledge related to legislations have to improve.

Ocorrências policiais de assédio sexual em Brasília, Distrito Federal e regiões administrativas, 2010 a 2020 / Police occurrences of sexual harassment in Brasília, Federal District and administrative regions, 2010 to 2020 / Incidentes policiales de acoso sexual en Brasília, Distrito Federal y regiones administrativas, 2010 a 2020

Objetivo: Analisar a frequência de ocorrências policiais relacionadas a assédio sexual, em Brasília, Distrito Federal (DF) e regiões administrativas entre 2010 a 2020. Método: Estudo epidemiológico, exploratório, descritivo e quantitativo. Os dados foram adquiridos junto a Polícia Civil do Distrito Federal (PCDF). Resultados: Foram identificados 528 registros com média e desvio-padrão (48±23,9). O ano de 2019 registrou a maior preponderância com 17,8% (n=94) e o ano de 2010 a menor com 2,3% (n=12). A cidade de Brasília registrou a maior preponderância com 29,2% (n=154) e Arniqueiras a menor com 0,2% (n=1). A maior preponderância dos registros se constituiu de pessoas do sexo feminino com 95,5% (n=504), 45,8% (n=242) possuíam entre 20 a 29 anos e 65,2% (n=344) dos registros possuíam até um mês entre a data do início do fato a data do registro. Conclusão: Foi possível verificar aumento na frequência de ocorrências policiais no recorte histórico e geográfico analisados.

Objective: to analyze the frequency of police incidents related to sexual harassment in Brasília, Distrito Federal (DF) and administrative regions between 2010 and 2020. Method: Epidemiological, exploratory, descriptive and quantitative study. Data were acquired from the Civil Police of the Federal District (PCDF). Results: 528 records were identified with mean and standard deviation (48±23.9). The year 2019 registered the highest preponderance with 17.8% (n=94) and the year 2010 the lowest with 2.3% (n=12). The city of Brasília registered the greatest preponderance with 29.2% (n=154) and Arniqueiras the smallest with 0.2% (n=1). The greatest preponderance of records consisted of females with 95.5% (n=504), 45.8% (n=242) were between 20 and 29 years old and 65.2% (n=344) of the records they had up to one month between the date of commencement of the fact and the date of registration. Conclusion: It was possible to verify an increase in the frequency of police incidents in the analyzed historical and geographic context.

Objetivo: Analizar la frecuencia de incidentes policiales relacionados con el acoso sexual en Brasilia, Distrito Federal (DF) y regiones administrativas entre 2010 y 2020. Método: Estudio epidemiológico, exploratorio, descriptivo y cuantitativo. Los datos se obtuvieron de la Policía Civil del Distrito Federal (PCDF). Resultados: se identificaron 528 registros con media y desviación estándar (48±23,9). El año 2019 registró la mayor preponderancia con 17,8% (n=94) y el año 2010 la menor con 2,3% (n=12). La ciudad de Brasilia registró la mayor preponderancia con 29,2% (n=154) y Arniqueiras la más pequeña con 0,2% (n=1). La mayor preponderancia de registros estuvo constituida por mujeres con 95,5% (n=504), 45,8% (n=242) tenían entre 20 y 29 años y 65,2% (n=344) de los registros que tenían hasta un mes entre fecha de inicio del hecho y fecha de registro. Conclusión: se pudo constatar un incremento en la frecuencia de incidentes policiales en el contexto histórico y geográfico analizado.

Hypersexuality In A Rape Victim Child

@#Hypersexuality is rare in children. Our case describes a 14-year-old girl who presented with a history suggestive of hypersexuality. She was repeatedly raped and exposed to video pornography at a very young age. Consequently, she became addicted to pleasure during sexual intercourse and actively involved in multiple unprotected sexual intercourses. Management, in this case, was challenging, where early intervention with contraceptive methods and cognitive behavioural therapy were unsuccessful. Subsequently, alternative treatment with Islamic psycho-spiritual therapy combined with conventional therapy resulted in an improvement in her sexual pre-occupation. This case highlights the importance of recognition of hypersexuality, especially among children with a history of sexual abuse as management proofs to be challenging, and requires a multimodal approach to prevent a potentially devastating outcome.

The Application of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy into An Institutional-Based Therapeutic Rehabilitation Program for Out-of-Wedlock Adolescent / Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia

@#Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a critical rehabilitation component for teens who involved in sexual offences. CBT restructures their reasoning capacity to control their anti-social behaviour. An in-depth qualitative study was conducted in one of the state's institutions for girls to investigate the practice of CBT. Ten pregnant out of wedlock teens who were participate in the therapeutic rehabilitation programme were interviewed thoroughly about the practice of CBT. The study found that the practice of CBT in the programme focused only on the religious activities, tend to focus on the vocational programme, the absence of knowledge enhancement programme, no therapy expert to conduct the CBT procedure, and the absence of any set of protocol treatment for therapy. The findings then encourages the study to recommend few interventions that can enhance the implementation of the CBT practice for teens who involved with sex offence.

Elementos relevantes en la intervención terapéutica de jóvenes que cometen infracciones sexuales: la percepción de adolescentes chilenos egresados de un programa especializado / Relevant elements in the therapeutic intervention of young people who have committed sexual offences: perception of the Chilean adolescents emerging from a specialized program / Elementos relevantes na intervenção terapêutica de jovens que cometem infrações sexuais: a percepção de adolescentes chilenos egressos de um programa especializado

Resumen El objetivo de la investigación es estudiar la percepción de jóvenes chilenos egresados de un programa dirigido a adolescentes que cometen actos sexualmente abusivos. En el estudio se aplicó una metodología de tipo cualitativa, utilizando como instrumentos de producción de información la entrevista semi-estructurada y la revisión documental de fichas clínicas. El análisis se realizó mediante la técnica de la Teoría Fundamentada. Los resultados alcanzados apuntan a la importancia en la especialización de las metodologías y técnicas aplicadas, tanto en la evaluación diagnóstica como en el proceso terapéutico. Se observó también la relevancia que tiene la figura del terapeuta como elemento facilitador del éxito en la intervención, y la imperativa necesidad de perfeccionamiento en las técnicas para abordar los contenidos asociados al reconocimiento y responsabilización del hecho abusivo. Finalmente, se concluye la necesidad de mayor investigación sobre las distintas trayectorias de adolescentes que cometen delitos sexuales, a modo de generar terapias con mayor nivel de especialización.

Abstract The objective of this investigation is to study the perception of young Chilean people; they are emerging from a program addressed to adolescents who have committed sexually abusive acts. This study implements a qualitative methodology; semi-structured interview and medical records document review were used as information production instruments. The analysis was conducted by means of the grounded theory technique. The achieved results point to the importance in the specialization of methodologies and applied techniques, in both the diagnostic evaluation and the therapeutic process. It was observed the relevance of the therapist figure as a facilitator element of the success in the intervention; and also the imperious necessity of enhancing the techniques to approach the contents associated with the recognition and accountability of the abusive act. Finally, this concludes that further research is required with regard to the different trajectories of adolescents who have committed sexual offences, so therapies with a higher level of specialization to be generated.

Resumo O objetivo da pesquisa é analisar a percepção dos jovens chilenos egressos de um programa dirigido a adolescentes que cometem atos sexualmente abusivos. No estudo foi utilizada uma metodologia qualitativa, usando como instrumentos para a coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada e a revisão documental de fichas clínicas. A análise realizou-se por meio da técnica de teoria fundamentada. Os resultados obtidos apontam a importância da especialização das metodologias e técnicas aplicadas, tanto na avaliação diagnóstica quanto no processo terapêutico. Observaram-se também a relevância da figura do terapeuta como facilitador para o sucesso da intervenção e a imperativa necessidade de aperfeiçoamento das técnicas para a abordagem dos conteúdos associados ao reconhecimento e responsabilização do ato abusivo. Finalmente, concluise que é necessária uma pesquisa mais ampla acerca das distintas trajetórias de adolescentes que cometem delitos sexuais, de modo que sejam fomentadas terapias com maior nível de especialização.

Análisis de las prácticas de entrevistas forenses durante la etapa de investigación por denuncias de delitos sexuales en contra de niños, niñas y adolescentes / Analysis of the practices in forensic interviews during the investigation phase of allegations of sexual offences against children and adolescents

Resumen En este estudio se realizó un análisis de contenido tipo categoría 1 a 81 entrevistas realizadas por la Policía Judicial durante la etapa de investigación en denuncias por delitos sexuales, siendo las presuntas víctimas niños, niñas y adolescentes. Se analizó el uso de protocolos, la profesión de las personas encargadas de realizar las entrevistas, los estilos para iniciar las entrevistas, las estrategias para construir rapport, las estrategias para evaluar las competencias de los entrevistados como testigos y las estrategias para evaluar la sugestionabilidad. Se observa que en las prácticas de las entrevistas no se cumplen los procedimientos sugeridos en las distintas guías y protocolos y, por tanto, se comenten los errores que se intentan subsanar con el uso de dichas guías y protocolos.

Abstract In this study, a categorical content analysis was performed to 81 interviews conducted by the Ju dicial Police during the investigation phase in sexual crimes allegations where the alleged victims were children and adolescents. The use of protocols, the profession of persons responsible for conducting the interviews, styles to start the interviews, the strategies to build rapport, the strate gies to assess the skills of those interviewed as witnesses and the strategies to assess suggestibility were analyzed in the study. In general, it was found that during the interviews, the practices do not meet the suggested procedures stablished in the guidelines and protocols; therefore, mistakes -that are supposed to be rectified with these guidelines and protocols- are made.

Tecnología y pornografía infantil en Colombia, 2013-2015: interpretación desde un enfoque victimológico / Technology and child pornography in Colombia, 2013-2015: Interpretation from a victimology approach / Tecnologia e pornografia infantil na Colômbia, 2013-2015: interpretação de um enfoque vitimológico

Resumen Se analiza la incidencia de la tecnología en el delito de pornografía infantil en Colombia, 2013-2015, en especial en el uso del teléfono móvil inteligente y las redes sociales en su comisión, mediante el análisis de información administrativa contenida en las bases de datos de la Policía Nacional (PONAL), relacionadas con los artículos 218 y 219A del Código Penal colombiano. El método: utilizado fue exploratorio descriptivo, con enfoque cuantitativo. Los resultados: evidenciaron un pronunciado incremento de denuncias en el año 2015 (574 % y 385 % con respecto a los años 2013 y 2014, respectivamente), caracterizado porque la etapa de la vida en la que se encuentran la mayoría de menores los hace proclives a ser víctimas de pornografía infantil y sus demás modalidades, situación que es aprovechada por predadores sexuales que están al acecho, en busca de víctimas con bajos niveles de autoprotección digital. En la comisión del delito son determinantes la internet, los teléfonos móviles inteligentes y las redes sociales, en razón a su uso inocente por parte de las víctimas y malintencionado por los victimarios. El combate del delito genera retos educativos orientados a empoderar a los menores, con el acompañamiento de padres de familia y centros educativos previamente capacitados.

Abstract The influence of technology in child pornography offenses in Colombia, 2013-2015 is analyzed, particularly in the use of mobile smartphones and social networks in the commission of these crimes, through the analysis of administrative information contained en the National Police (PONAL) databases relating to articles 218 and 219a of the Colombian Criminal Code. The method: used was of a descriptive exploratory nature, with a quantitative approach. The results: evidenced a sharp rise of complaints in 2015 (574 % and 385 % with respect to years 2013 y 2014, respectively), where the main feature is that the stage of life lived by most minors characterizes them as more prone to become victims of all forms of child pornography, this situation being taken advantage of by sexual predators lurking in search of victims with low digital self-protection levels. In the carrying out of these crimes, the internet, mobile smartphones, and social networks are determining factors because of their innocent use by the victims and malicious utilization by the perpetrators. Combating cybercrime creates educational challenges oriented towards the empowerment of minors accompanied by previously trained parents or family heads and education centers.

Resumo Analisa-se a incidência da tecnologia no crime de pornografia infantil na Colômbia, 2013-2015, em especial no uso do telefone móvel inteligente e das redes sociais na sua comissão, por meio da análise da informação administrativa contida nos bancos de dados da Policia Nacional (PONAL), relacionadas aos artigos 218 e 219a do Código Penal colombiano. O método: usado foi exploratório descritivo, com enfoque quantitativo. Os resultados: demonstraram um aumento pronunciado de denúncias em 2015 (574% e 385% com respeito aos anos 2013 e 2014, respectivamente), caracterizado porque a etapa da vida da maioria de menores faz que sejam suscetíveis a ser vítimas do pornografia infantil e as outras modalidades, situação alavancada pelos predadores sexuais que estão à espreita, na busca das vítimas com níveis baixos de auto-proteção digital. No momento de cometer o crime a Internet, os telefones móveis inteligentes e as redes sociais são determinantes, por motivo do seu uso inocente por parte das vítimas e do mal-intencionado pelos vitimários. O combate do crime gera desafios educativos orientados a empoderar aos menores, com o acompanhamento dos pais da família e dos centros educativos capacitados previamente.

Propuesta de protocolo de abordaje de mujeres víctimas de delitos sexuales que son atendidas en la sección clínica médico forense y en las unidades médico legales del departamento de medicina legal del organismo de investigación judicial poder judicial - Costa Rica / Proposed protocol addressing female victims of sexual offenses are treated in the clinical section coroner and the forensic units of the department of legal medicine judicial investigation judiciary - Costa Rica

Los delitos sexuales constituyen uno de los motivos de consulta más comunes en la Sección Clínica Médico Forense y en las Unidades Médico Legales del Departamento de Medicina Legal del Organismo de Investigación Judicial del Poder Judicial de Costa Rica y a la fecha no se cuenta con un protocolo formal de abordaje para la valoración de éstos. La elaboración de un protocolo forense de abordaje de víctimas de delitos sexuales en sí mismo tiene algunos beneficios nada despreciables entre ellos: fomentar la minimización de errores en el proceso de recolección de datos y evidencia, recolectar adecuadamente la información permitiendo la realización de estudios prospectivos, promoviendo con todo lo anteriormente señalado la elaboración de un Dictamen Médico Legal de calidad.

Sex crimes are among the most common reasons for consultation in Clinical Forensic Medicine Section and the Legal Medical Units of the Department of Judicial Investigation Organization of the Judiciary of Costa Rica Legal Medicine and to date there is no formal protocol of approach to the valuation of these. The development of a forensic protocol addressing victims of sexual offenses in itself has some negligible benefits including: promote the minimization of errors in the process of collecting data and evidence, properly collect information enabling prospective studies, promoting everything previously noted the development of a quality Medical Legal Opinion.

La Psicología Jurídica en el ámbito hospitalario: las prácticas profesionales y la dimensión simbólico-imaginaria en relación a los delitos/derechos sexuales / The Juridic Psychology in the hospitality ambit: the professional practice and imaginary-symbolic dimension in relation to the sexual crimes/rights

Esta presentación se enmarca en el: UBACYT P423, 2008/10, Análisis de la práctica de la psicología jurídica en relación a los delitos contra la integridad sexual (ley 25087/99) y los derechos sexuales. Dimensiones institucional-organizacional, simbólico-imaginaria e histórico-genealógica. Dirección: Lic. Matilde de la Iglesia. Un abordaje simbólico-imaginario de las prácticas profesionales de la Psicología Jurídica en el ámbito hospitalario ha develado algunos de los imaginarios que conviven y subyacen a las mismas en relación a los delitos y los derechos sexuales. En el ejercicio de dichas prácticas se reproducen las múltiples discriminaciones que sufren aquellos individuos con una identidad sexual o una expresión de género diferente a la hegemónica, como la de aquellos que se han visto vinculados a un delito contra la integridad sexual. En todos los casos se fundamentan las acciones de dichos individuos en términos de "perversión", sin poder discriminar las acepciones del término, con fuerte preeminencia de la sanción moral sobre la ética profesional.

This communication forms part of the work of the research group UBACYT P423, 2008/10, Analysis of the practice on legal psychoanalysis in relation to crimes against sexual integrity (law 25087/99) and sexual rights: organisational-institutional, symbolic-imaginary and genealogical-historical dimensions. Director: Matilde de la Iglesia. The symbolic-imaginary approach on Legal Psychology within hospitals has shown some of the imaginaries underlying in these practices as regards sexual offences and sexual rights. In the exercise of these practices, multiple discriminations are reproduced towards those with a sexual identity, a gender expression or who have been related to sexual offenses. In all cases, the actions carried out by these individuals are considered in terms of "perversion", even though the term cannot be defined in its multiple definitions, showing a strong presence of a moral sanction over professional ethics.