ABSTRACT
A urolitíase obstrutiva em pequenos ruminantes é uma doença metabólica de etiologia multifatorial com distribuição mundial. A elevação da concentração urinária de solutos, minerais ionizados (cristaloides) que formam cristais insolúveis é citada por alguns autores como o fator mais importante. Assim, o conhecimento do perfil mineral dos animais submetidos a dietas calculogênicas e a composição química dos urólitos tornam-se ferramentas eficazes na prevenção da doença. Neste estudo, foram utilizados 14 ovinos hígidos, machos (não castrados), da raça Santa Inês, com idade aproximada de 90 dias, distribuídos em dois grupos (G1 - sem vitamina C e G2 - com vitamina C) e alimentados com dieta calculogênica. A análise dos perfis minerais, séricos e urinários revelou completo desbalanceamento na relação entre concentrações de cálcio, fósforo e magnésio, havendo elevação expressiva do fósforo e do magnésio e diminuição substancial do cálcio. Com isso, a análise bioquímica dos urólitos demonstrou que o cálcio esteve presente em 50% das amostras analisadas.(AU)
Urolithiasis in small ruminants is a metabolic disease of multifactorial etiology with worldwide distribution. Increased urinary concentration of solutes, ionized minerals (crystalloid) that form insoluble crystals is cited by some authors as the most important factor. Thus, knowledge of mineral profile of the animals fed calculogenic diets and chemical composition of uroliths becomes an effective tool in preventing the disease. In this study, we used 14 healthy, male, non-neutered sheep, of the Santa Ines breed, aged approximately 90 days, divided into two groups (G1-without vitamin C and G2-with vitamin C) fed calculogenic diet. Analysis of mineral profiles in serum and urine revealed complete imbalance in the relationship between concentrations of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, with significant increase of phosphorus and magnesium and substantial reduction of calcium. Thus, biochemical analysis of uroliths showed that calcium was present in 50% of samples.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Sheep , Urolithiasis/veterinary , Blood Specimen Collection/veterinary , Hematologic Tests/veterinary , Urine Specimen Collection/veterinaryABSTRACT
O relato objetivou descrever os achados epidemiológicos, clínico-patológicos, laboratoriais e microbiológicos em um surto de meningoencefalite em ovinos por Listeria monocytogenes associado ao consumo de silagem. A enfermidade acometeu oito ovinos pertencentes a um rebanho de 600 animais, alcançando letalidade de 100%. A única ovelha examinada apresentou apatia, febre, cegueira bilateral com midríase, hipotonia lingual, nistagmo e torneio à direita com quedas esporádicas. A hematologia revelou linfopenia absoluta com inversão na relação de linfócito / neutrófilo (0,16). A análise do líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) mostrou aspecto turvo e pleocitose neutrofílica (92 leucócitos/µL). L. monocytogenes foi isolada em quatro alíquotas de LCR submetidas à cultura microbiológica. Em quatro ovinos necropsiados, as lesões macroscópicas consistiram de congestão das meninges e turbidez do LCR. Microscopicamente, a principal característica foi meningoencefalite do troco encefálico, bulbo, ponte, mesencéfalo e medula oblonga, com microabscessos multifocais e gliose. Infiltrado neutrofílico e linfocítico multifocal nos fascículos do nervo trigêmeo foi também observado. Os autores reiteram a importância das medidas preventivas, a fim de reduzir a incidência da listeriose.
This report aimed to describe epidemiological, clinical-pathological, laboratorial and microbiological findings in an outbreak of meningoencephalitis in sheep due to L. monocytogenes linked to silage consumption. The disease affected eight sheep from a 600 sheep flock, achieving 100% lethality. The only ewe examined presented apathy, fever, bilateral blindness with mydriasis, tongue hypotony, nystagmus and right circling with sporadic falls. Hematology revealed absolute lymphopenia with inversion in the lymphocyte/neutrophil ratio (0.16). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed turbid aspect and neutrophilic pleocytosis (92leukocytes/µL). L. monocytogenes was isolated from four CSF samples submitted to microbiological assays. In four necropsied sheep, gross lesions included meningeal congestion and CSF clouding. Microscopically, the main feature was meningoencephalitis of the brainstem, bulb, pons, mesencephalus and medulla oblongata, with multifocal microabscesses and gliosis. Multifocal lymphocyticand neutrophilic infiltrate in the trigeminal nerve fascicles was also observed. The authors reiterate the importance of adequate preventive measures to reduce incidence of listeriosis.
Subject(s)
Animals , Sheep, Domestic/cerebrospinal fluid , Sheep, Domestic/microbiology , Listeria monocytogenes , Listeriosis/veterinary , Meningoencephalitis/veterinary , Sheep Diseases , SilageABSTRACT
Ganjam virus (GANV), a member of genus Nairovirus of family Bunyavirdae is of considerable veterinary importance in India. Though, predominantly tick borne, GANV was also isolated from mosquitoes, man and sheep. Neutralizing and complement fixing antibodies to GANV have been detected in animal and human sera collected from different parts of the country. Thirty three strains of GANV have been isolated from India, mainly from Haemaphysalis ticks. The virus replicated in certain vertebrate and mosquito cell lines and found pathogenic to laboratory animals. One natural infection and five laboratoryacquired infections in men were also reported. GANV is antigenically related to Nairobi sheep disease virus (NSDV) of Africa, which is highly pathogenic for sheep and goats causing 70-90 per cent mortality among the susceptible population. Recent molecular studies have demonstrated that GANV is an Asian variant of NSDV and both these viruses are related to the dreaded Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) group viruses. The versatility of the virus to replicate in different arthropod species, its ability to infect sheep, goat and man makes it an important zoonotic agent.