Safety and feasibility of low?energy X?ray radiotherapy in breast conserving surgery for early?stage breast cancer / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective To investigate the short?term complications and cosmetic outcomes of radiotherapy in breast conserving surgery for early?stage breast cancer. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data from 30 patients with early?stage breast cancer from 2013 to 2015. All patients underwent breast conserving surgery combined with intraoperative low?energy X?ray radiotherapy. The prescribed dose was 20 Gy at the surface of the applicator. Local complications, radiation injury, and cosmetic outcomes were observed after surgery. Results No grade 3?4 adverse reactions were found in patients. In terms of short?term complications, four patients (13%) had seroma, two of whom needed suction treatment;three patients ( 10%) had grade 1?2 skin erythema. Half of the patients had excellent cosmetic outcomes. None of the patients had local recurrence or distant metastasis. Conclusions Intraoperative low?energy X?ray radiotherapy is safe and feasible in breast conserving surgery for breast cancer. It can be considered as an optional approach for tumor bed boost in some patients with early?stage low?risk breast cancer.

Recién nacidos pretérminos tardíos, un grupo de riesgo / Late preterm newborns, a group at risk

INTRODUCCIÓN: los recién nacidos pretérminos tardíos eran considerados de bajo riesgo y tratados de manera similar a los niños nacidos a término, pero estudios recientes han demostrado que tienen mayor riesgo de presentar complicaciones y de morir. OBJETIVO: caracterizar a los recién nacidos pretérminos tardíos ingresados en el servicio de neonatología del Hospital Maternoinfantil Dr. "Ángel Arturo Aballí," de 2009 a 2013. MÉTODOS: se realizó un estudio observacional, de cohortes, en recién nacidos pretérminos tardíos, comparados con los neonatos nacidos a término. El universo de estudio estuvo constituido por 2 453 niños ­que coincidió con la muestra­ conformada por 385 recién nacidos pretérminos tardíos y 2 068 nacidos a término. Las variables estuvieron relacionadas con la madre y el recién nacido, sus complicaciones y mortalidad. RESULTADOS: la hipertensión arterial materna y el asma bronquial se asociaron al nacimiento de recién nacidos pretérminos tardíos (p= 0,00). Los recién nacidos pretérminos tardíos tuvieron 6,6 veces más riesgo de necesidad de reanimación y 5,1 de ventilación mecánica, que los niños nacidos a término, presentaron más riesgo de complicaciones como ictericia RR: 1,3 (1,14-1,59), hipoglucemia RR: 2,3 (1,05-5,19) y enfermedad de la membrana hialina RR: 101,8 (19,78-524,10), y tuvieron 6,5 veces más riesgo de morir. CONCLUSIONES: los recién nacidos pretérminos tardíos tienen más riesgo de presentar complicaciones a corto plazo y de morir que los recién nacidos a término.

INTRODUCTION: the late preterm newborns were considered as low risk infants and treated in a similar way to the term newborns, but recent studies have proved that they face higher risk of presenting complications and of dying.OBJECTIVE: to characterize late preterm newborns admitted to the neonatology service of "Angel Arturo Aballí" maternal and infantile hospital from 2009 to 2013. METHODS: observational cohort study performed in late preterm newborns in comparison with term neonates. The universe of study was 2 453 children, which matched the sample, made up of 385 late preterm newborns and 2 068 term neonates. The variables were associated with the mother and the newborn, complications and mortality. RESULTS: maternal blood hypertension and bronchial asthma were associated to the birth of late preterm newborns (p= 0.00). The risk of requiring resuscitation and mechanical ventilation were 6.6 times and 5.1 times higher in preterm newborns than in term neonates, respectively; they faced more risks of complications such as jaundice RR, 1.3 (1.14-1.59), hypoglycemia RR: 2.3 ((1,05-5,19) and hyaline membrane disease RR: 101.8 (19.78-524.10) and the risk of dying was 6.5 times higher. CONCLUSIONS: the late preterm newborns take more risks of short-term complications and of dying than the term neonates.

Meta-analysis of Early Postoperative Small Bowel Obstruction after Laparoscopic Colorectal Resection / 中国微创外科杂志

Objective To compare the efficacies of laparoscopic colorectal resection and conventional open surgery by collecting and investigating related studies with Meta-analysis.Methods Randomized controlled trials(RCT) on the outcomes of laparoscopic colorectal resection and conventional open surgery that published between January 1989 and March 2008 in English were collected and analyzed.The quality of the original investigations was evaluated,and the low-level reports were excluded.Then the odds ratio(OR) for the incidence of early postoperative small bowel obstruction between the two methods were calculated.ResultsTotally 12 studies including 3032 cases were analyzed.Among which,1522 patients received laparoscopy,33 of them developed early postoperative small bowel obstruction.1510 cases underwent open surgery,and 71 of these patients showed small bower obstruction before being discharged form hospital.The pooled OR was 0.46 with a 95% confidence interval of(0.30-0.69).Conclusion Compared with open surgery,laparoscopic colorectal resection is superior in the incidence of early postoperative small bowel obstruction.