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1.
Estud. Psicol. (Campinas, Online) ; 40: e210099, 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1520902

ABSTRACT

Objective This study was designed to compare the effectiveness of Sandplay Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in the reduction of clinical/borderline symptoms in children and adolescents. Method The participants were 21 victims of domestic violence with clinical or borderline scores on the Child Behavior Checklist and Young Self Report. They were also tested with Wechsler Abbreviated Intelligence Scale (T0) and designed by random to treatment and control groups. They were tested with the same instruments at T1 (after 20 sessions/ 20 weeks) and T2 (after 6 months). Results For the children, there were no changes across the groups, but a significant improvement in internalizing behavior problems in the sandplay group and in externalizing and total behavior problems in the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy group. For the adolescents, there was a significant improvement in externalizing behavioral problems in the sandplay group and in the total behavior problems for the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy group. Conclusion The results of this research do not allow to conclude that one technique is better than another since we did not have a consistent significative difference across the groups. These results may be due to the different approaches of the techniques. While Sandplay Therapy provides a free and protected space to allow the participants to express their feelings through images and histories, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy follows a program that focuses more on promoting behavior adaption to outside world. The application of this research design with a large population and with more sessions will allow to observe the consistence of these findings, providing a more solid ground to choose which technique would be more efficient for each specific case.


Objetivo Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo comparar a efetividade da terapia de sandplay com a terapia cognitiva comportamental na redução de sintomas clínicos ou limítrofes em crianças e adolescentes. Método Os participantes foram 21 vítimas de violência doméstica com sintomas clínicos ou limítrofes nas escalas Child Behavior Checklist ou Young Self Report. Os participantes foram também testados com a escala abreviada de inteligência Wechsler (T0) e designados randomicamente para os grupos de tratamento e controle. Os participantes foram testados novamente em T1 (20 sessões/20 semanas) e em T2 (6 meses). Resultados Para as crianças, não houve mudança entre os grupos, mas uma melhora nos problemas internalizantes no grupo de sandplay e nos problemas externalizantes e total de problemas no grupo de terapia cognitiva comportamental. Para os adolescentes, houve uma melhora significativa nos problemas externalizantes no grupo de sandplay e no total de problemas no grupo de terapia cognitiva comportamental. Conclusão Os resultados desta pesquisa não permitem concluir que uma técnica é melhor que outra, pois não tivemos uma diferença significativa consistente entre os grupos. Esses resultados podem ser devidos às diferentes abordagens das técnicas. Enquanto a Sandplay Therapy oferece um espaço livre e protegido para permitir que os participantes expressem seus sentimentos por meio de imagens e histórias, a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy segue um programa que se concentra mais em promover a adaptação do comportamento ao mundo exterior. A aplicação deste desenho de pesquisa a uma grande população e com mais sessões permitirá observar a consistência destes resultados, proporcionando terreno sólido para escolher qual técnica seria mais eficiente para cada caso específico.


Subject(s)
Psychotherapy, Brief , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Domestic Violence
2.
Interaçao psicol ; 23(2): 135-145, mai.-jul. 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1511278

ABSTRACT

Esse estudo de casos múltiplos investigou a efetividade da psicoterapia psicodinâmica breve (PPB) e o processo de mudança intra e interpessoal de pacientes atendidos no ambulatório uma empresa. Participaram do estudo 03 funcionários com queixas psicológicas diversas. A coleta dos dados incluiu medidas de autorrelato para a avaliação da mudança da psicoterapia (OQ-45 ­ Outcome Questionnaire), sintomas psicopatológicos (BSI ­ Brief Symptom Inventory), mecanismos de defesa (DSQ- 40-Defensive Style Questionnaire) e empatia (EMRI - Escala Multidimensional de Reatividade Interpessoal), aplicadas na 1a, 6a e na 12a sessão (término do tratamento). Em todos os casos foi constatado abrandamento sintomatológico e melhora nos relacionamentos interpessoais e em dois casos as mudanças sintomáticas foram clinicamente significativas e confiáveis. O estudo sugere que a PPB pode promover mudanças significativas na saúde mental dos trabalhadores e que as intervenções mais efetivas são aquelas que incidem sobre crises. Estudos em maior escala são necessários para generalizar os achados.


This systematic multiple case study investigates the effectiveness of short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP) and the process of intra and interpersonal change of patients attended at a company. The sample consisted of 03 workers with different psychological complaints. Data collection included self-reported measures for the assessment of change in psychotherapy (OQ-45 ­ Outcome questionnaire), psychopathological symptoms (BSI ­ Brief Symptom Inventory), defense mechanisms (DSQ- 40-Defensive Style Questionnaire), and empathy (EMRI ­ Multidimensional Scale of Interpersonal Reactivity), applied in the 1st, 6th and 12th sessions (end of treatment). In all cases there was a decrease in symptoms and improvement in interpersonal relationships and in two the symptomatic changes were clinically significant and reliable. Results suggest that STPP can promote significant changes in workers' mental health and that the most effective interventions are those that address crises. Major studies are needed to generalize the findings.

3.
Mudanças ; 20(1/2): 63-73, dez. 2012. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-679724

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste artigo é descrever um estudo de caso em Psicoterapia Breve Operacionalizada - PBO, no qual se verificou a contratransferência como um obstáculo para a condução adequada da técnica desse tipo de abordagem. A PBO baseia-se na teoria psicanalítica e na teoria da adaptação e por lidar com situações-problema, a brevidade do processo é uma questão estratégica. A PBO inicia-se com a identificação da situação-problema nuclear do paciente, procurando ajudá-lo, através de interpretações teorizadas, a reconhecer os fatores causais desta situação e as razões inconscientes de seu comportamento atual e pregresso, para ajudá-lo na compreensão de como se deram as soluções pouco ou pouquíssimos adequadas, estimulando a procura de soluções mais eficazes. A paciente é uma mulher com trinta e seis anos, cuja queixa principal era o desânimo na área profissional. Após as entrevistas, evidenciou-se uma expectativa idealizada quanto ao mundo e ao emprego que ansiava. Com isso, o objetivo central da psicoterapia seria procurar propiciar uma percepção adequada do mundo, com suas qualidades e defeitos. Nas primeiras sessões, o psicólogo teve dificuldades diante da aparente fragilidade apresentada pela paciente. Após constatar tal dificuldade em supervisão, a reflexão evidenciou a existência de um processo de contratransferência negativa. Após compreendê-lo, foi possível assegurar a continuidade e o êxito do trabalho, uma vez que a paciente respondeu bem às intervenções, mostrando ao fim da psicoterapia uma postura mais amadurecida. Tanto na psicoterapia breve quanto na psicanalítica, a contratransferência interfere no desenvolvimento da psicoterapia, mas conforme ilustrado por este caso, se bem compreendida e superada propicia bons resultados.


The aim of this article is to describe a case report in Brief Operational Psychotherapy, which has revealed a countertransference process as an obstacle to the proper course of this approach. It is based on Psychoanalytic Theory and the Theory of Adaptation. This approach deals with problem situations and thereby the brevity of the process is a strategic issue. The Brief Operational Psychotherapy begins with the identification of the patient’s nuclear problem situation, trying to help one through theorized interpretations, to comprehend the unconscious causes of current and past behaviors, and also to understand how he has used little or very little suitable solutions and to stimulate one to seek more effective solutions. The patient is a thirty-six years old woman, whose main complaint was discouragementin the professional field. After the interviews, it was noticed an idealized expectation concerning the world and the job that she has eager for. Thus, the central purpose of psychotherapy was to provide a more adequate perception of the world, with its qualities and defects. In the first sessions, the psychologist had difficulty to achieve more direct interventions, because of the apparent patient fragility. After noting this difficulty, the reflection revealed the existence of a negative countertransferencial process. After understanding it, it was possible to ensure the continuity and success of the work, as the patient responded well to the interventions, showing at the end of psychotherapy, a more mature attitude. As in brief psychotherapy as in psychoanalysis, countertransference interferes with the developmentof psychotherapy, but as illustrated by this case, the countertransference well understood and overcameyields good results.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Psychotherapy, Brief , Transference, Psychology , Perception
4.
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing ; : 28-35, 2012.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-43408

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This study was done to evaluate the effects of a short-term life review on spiritual well-being, depression, and anxiety in patients with terminal cancer. METHODS: The study used a pre posttest quasi experimental design with a nonequivalent control group. Measurement instruments included the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual scale (FACIT-Sp12) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Participants were 32 patients with terminal cancer who were receiving chemotherapy or palliative care at hospitals or at home. Eighteen patients were assigned to the experimental group and 14 to the control group. A sixty minute short-term life review session was held twice a week as the intervention with the experimental group. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant increase in spiritual well-being in the experimental group compared to the control group. There were also significant decreases in depression and anxiety in the experimental group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that a short-term life review can be used as a nursing intervention for enhancing the spiritual well-being of patients with terminal cancer.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anxiety , Chronic Disease , Depression , Interviews as Topic , Neoplasms/psychology , Palliative Care , Spirituality , Terminally Ill
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