Noticeable Bone Degradation on a Plain Radiography: a Case / Degradación Ósea Observable en una Radiografía Simple: un Caso

Abstract: In this paper, an image of the humeral head obtained from a plain radiography was analyzed. The radiograph was obtained from a forty year-old female with diagnosed breast cancer and discomfort on the right shoulder. The aim of the study was to determine whether it is possible to observe early bone metastasis with plane radiography using the so called scanning method. Plotting the intensity distribution along the rows of the image is a fast, qualitative way to know if the bone has some abnormality. If the curves are "smooth" then the bone is healthy, but if they are discontinuous then it is sick. To obtain quantitative results, the rows intensities were analyzed around discontinuous zones. Using this technique it was possible to observe bone degradations of the order of 11%.

Resumen: En este trabajo se analiza una imagen de una cabeza humeral obtenida de una radiografía simple. La radiografía se obtuvo de una mujer de cuarenta años de edad diagnosticada con cáncer de mama y molestias en el hombro derecho. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar si es posible observar metástasis ósea temprana en una radiografía plana utilizando el método de escaneo. Graficar la distribución de intensidad de las filas de la imagen es una manera rápida y cualitativa de saber si el hueso tiene alguna anormalidad. Si las curvas son "suaves" entonces el hueso está sano, pero si son discontinuas entonces está enfermo. Para obtener resultados cuantitativos, se debe analizar la intensidad de las filas alrededor de las zonas discontinuas. Utilizando esta técnica fue posible observar una degradación ósea del orden del 11%.

Dental Fragment Embedded in the Upper Lip after Dentofacial Trauma / 대한피부과학회지

No abstract available.

The Role of Simple Radiography in the Evaluation of Intraarticular Calcaneal Fracture / 대한정형외과학회잡지

Since CT scanning was introduced in the diagnosis of calcaneal fracture, we became to understand more clearly the pathoanatomy of the injury. However we have to determine if we would or would not take CT scanning by simple radiography in the acute setting and most of the surgeons still use simple radiography in evaluating postoperative result. And also we have to determine the accuracy of reduction and position of screws by simple radiography intraoperatively. The purpose of this report is to determine the accuracy of simple radiography in assessing the pathological anatomy of the intraarticular calcaneal fracture by experimental and clinical studies. This is a combined experimental and clinical studies using four below knee amputation specimens and 15 patients with 19 displaced intraarticular calcaneal fractures treated at Hanil General Hospital between Jan. 1996 and May 1997. The lateral view of the foot was the best radiographic view for visualizing the degree of depression of the posterior facet. With regard to the location of a fracture line, findings of Broden views correlated well with findings on CT in 17 of 19 fractures. With regard to gapping between fragments, the axial view was not satisfactory in the majority of cases(15 of 19 cases). There was no case which showed more than 2 mm of discrepancy between the findings on Broden view and CT. We conclude that we may obtain most of the important informations about the pathological anatomy of the intraarticular calcaneal fracture by simple radiography.

Bone SPECT, Simple Radiography , and Operative Findings in Osteoarthritic Knee with or without Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury / 대한정형외과학회잡지

In so-called primary osteoarthritic knees, there may be secondary osteoarthritis due to the instability from chronic cruciate ligament and/or meniscal tear. The purpose of this study is to compare the findings of bone single-photon emission computed tomography(SPECT) and those of simple radiography in osteoarthritic knees which we consider as primary on the status of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL). We reviewed the preoperative bone SPECT and simple radiography of forty-three osteoarthritic knees in 23 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty between 1995 and l996. We divided the cases into two groups on the status of ACL: thirty intact ACLs(Group I), thirteen insufficient ACLs(Group II). Meniscal tear and/or ACL insufficiency were found in 38 of 43 knees, As regards with presence of osteophytes and sclerotic changes on simple radiograph, there was no significant differences between group I and II. Joint space narrowing was more prominent and diffuse in group I(medial 29, lateral 24) than group II(medial 7, lateral 6). Bone SPECT showed diffuse uptake in group I(medial 30, lateral 23), but less uptake on the lateral compartment(medial 13, lateral 3) in group II. In ACL-intact osteoarthritic knees, joint space narrowing on simple radiograph and hot uptake on bone SPECT were more prominent and diffuse than in ACL-insufficient knees. Clinical relevance is still uncertain and further investigation is needed.

Comparison of Radiological Methods for the Study and Diagnosis of Pneumoconiosis: Simple Radiography and Computed Tomography / 대한산업의학회지

The classification for pneumoconiosis which was developed by International Labour Office(ILO) on the basis of Radiological findings of simple chest radiography has been widely used for the study and diagnosis of pneumoconiosis. But many problems have been revealed during the pneumoconiosis study using this classification. Those problems come from simple radiography itself or classification systems. Among those, inter-reader and intra-reader variability are the severest problems, even though many efforts have been devoted to lessen the variability. With introduction of computed tomography (conventional CT and HRCT), we are learning many new aspects about the occupational lung diseases, especially pneumoconiosis. So the studies for pneumoconiosis using tomography are reviewed, focusing on silicosis, coalworkers' pneumoconiosis, and asbestosis. But in our country, the studies of that kind are very scant. It is necessary to study and diagnose pneumoconiosis by CT, because that is the need of workers and the responsibility of physicians working in the field of occupational medicine. CT is superior to simple radiography in early detection, determination of severity, and follow-up of pneumoconiosis. But simple radiography is and should be the main method for the study and diagnosis of pneumoconiosis. Although, because of radiation hazard, cost, time, and geographical availability, the method can not and should not be used on the routine basis, we have to consider the use of CT, if possible and if necessary. Before using CT widely, we should develop the standardized criteria regarding to scanning methods and reading criteria. If not, the same problems as those of simple radiography will be occurred, and then there will be no progress in occupational medicine and workers' health.