ABSTRACT
Introduction: Sinoatrial Nodal artery is an artery which supplies the sinoatrial node, the natural pacemakercenter of the heart, usually a branch of right coronary artery but also from left coronary artery in variablepercentage in different population.Aim: The aim of the study was to study the anatomical origin of sinoatrial Nodal artery , from Right coronaryartery or left coronary artery in indian human cadaversMaterials and Methods: The study was carried out on 50 formalin fixed Adult Human Cadaveric Heart of Indianpopulation obtained from department of Anatomy subharti medical college Meerut UP INDIA. Specimens withgross congenital anomalies were excluded from the study. The coronary arteries were dissected for the origin ofsinoatrial Nodal artery.Results: Out of total 50 cases studied, sinoatrial nodal artery was originating from right coronary artery in 39(78%) hearts while in remaining 11 (21.27%) hearts SA nodal artery was arising from left coronary artery. Whenit is arising from left coronary artery it is a branch of left circumflex artery rather than the main trunk.Conclusions: In present study of Indian Human cadaveric hearts SA Nodal artery is originating from right coronaryartery in maximum (78.0) percent population comparing with the previous studies done globaly. Further studiesare needed in Indian population in relation to SA Nodal Artery. Study of origin and distribution of sinoatrialnodal artery helps cardiologist and cardiac surgeons to understand the ischemic etiology of sinus node diseasesand corrective steps needed.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate, on a retrospective basis, the anatomic characteristics of the arterial supply to the sinoatrial node (SAN) in the Korean population using an ECG-gated multi-detector CT (MDCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The electrocardiographic-gated MDCTs of 500 patients (258 men and 242 women; age range, 17-83 years; mean age, 58.6 +/- 12.04 years) were analyzed retrospectively. In each case, the SAN artery (arteries) was named according to a special nomenclature with regard to origin, course, and termination. RESULTS: A total of 516 SAN arteries were visualized in 496 patients. The SAN was supplied by a single artery in 476 (96.4%) cases and by 2 arteries in 18 (3.6%) cases. The SAN originated from the right coronary artery in 265 (53.4%) cases and from the left circumflex in 213 (43%) cases. CONCLUSION: This study can provide basic data on variations of the SAN artery in the Korean population.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques , Coronary Vessel Anomalies/diagnostic imaging , Republic of Korea , Retrospective Studies , Sinoatrial Node/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methodsABSTRACT
Thirty hearts from adult individuals, 15 from male individuals and 15 female individuals, from the Anatomy Institute of Severino Sombra University were used. After a paramedian incision in the sternocostal joint, a careful dissection was performed in order to expose and identify the sinoatrial nodal artery (SAN), a right or left coronary artery branch. The domain was registered as right, if the right coronary branch irrigated the SAN. The same was listed for the left coronary artery. In addition, cases were both arteries irrigated SAN also were listed. All data, including hearts mass according to gender definition, were compared with previous reports through the variance analysis test (One-way ANOVA) and the post-hoc test of Newman-Keuls with p 0.05. Groups were defined as MHL: Hearts from male individuals, data from literature; FHL: Hearts from female individuals, data from literature; MHS: Hearts from male individuals, data obtained from the present study; FHS: Hearts from female individuals, data obtained from the present study. Data from MHL was 22 percent heavier than FHL group. MHS group was 41 percent heavier than FHS group. Only FHS was 11 percent lighter than FHL (p<0.05). Right coronary domain was present in 80 percent and 100 percent of the studied cases, male and female, respectively. Only 20 percent of the hearts from MHS group showed left coronary domain. No cases of irrigation form both arteries were observed in the present study. The present results indicated higher right sinoatrial nodal artery dominance in all cases studied regardless gender and differences on heart weight were similar to those found in literature descriptions.
Fueron utilizados treinta corazones de individuos adultos, 15 de individuos de sexo masculino y 15 femeninos, del Instituto de Anatomía de la Universidade de Severino Sombra, Brasil. Después de una incisión paramediana esternal, fue realizada una disección para exponer e identificar la arteria del nodo sinoatrial (NSA), una rama derecha o izquierda de la arteria coronaria. Si el NSA está irrigado por la rama coronaria derecha, el dominio es derecho. Igual para la arteria coronaria izquierda. En los casos en que el NSA está irrigado por ambas arterias, se denomina codominancia. Los datos recogidos, masa de los corazones y género, fueron comparados con informes anteriores a través de la prueba de análisis de varianza (ANOVA unidireccional) y de la prueba post-hoc de Newman-Keuls con un nivel de significancia de p < 0.05. Los grupos fueron definidos como: MHL corazones de los individuos masculinos recogidos de la literatura; FHL corazones de individuos femeninos recogidos de la literatura; MHS corazones de los individuos masculinos, del actual estudio; FHS corazones de individuos femeninos, del actual estudio. Al comparar el peso de los corazones entre los grupos, MHL pesó 22 por ciento más que el grupo de FHL (p<0.05); el grupo MHS pesó 41 por ciento más que grupo de FHS (p<0.05). Solamente en FHS eran 11 por ciento más livianos que en FHL (p<0.05). De los corazones estudiados, presentaron dominancia coronaria derecha, 80 por ciento en los hombres y 100 por ciento en las mujeres. Sólo el 20 por ciento presentó dominancia coronaria derecha en los hombres. No hubo casos de codominancia en los corazones estudiados. Los actuales resultados indican que la dominancia coronaria derecha era más alta en todos los casos estudiados independiente del género y las diferencias en peso del corazón eran similares a las encontradas en la literatura.