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1.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 42: e235483, 2022. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1360642

ABSTRACT

A presente produção versa sobre as consequências do racismo na saúde mental das mulheres negras integrantes do Movimento de Mulheres Dandara do Sisal (MMNDS), atuante no Território do Sisal, na Bahia. A intersecção de raça e gênero fomentou a organização do movimento, já que o gênero influi no racismo e a cor, no machismo; além do fato de as mulheres negras serem alvos de racismo e sexismo desde o período da escravização. A abordagem metodológica utilizada foi a descritiva-qualitativa, cujos métodos de coleta de dados foram entrevistas semiestruturadas com seis mulheres negras e observação participante de ações e atividades do movimento Dandara do Sisal. As entrevistadas relataram o racismo, a discriminação e o preconceito raciais que sofreram em suas trajetórias em diferentes espaços e instituições sociais: família, escola, universidade/faculdade, mercado de trabalho, dispositivos de saúde pública etc. Ser vítima de tais violências reflete negativamente na identidade negra, autoestima, subjetividade e saúde mental das atrizes sociais. Elas descreveram o sofrimento psíquico da exclusão social e a importância de estarem em movimento como estratégias de fortalecimento mental e enfrentamento ao racismo. Entende-se a Psicologia, enquanto ciência e profissão, como importante na luta antirracista, pois as consequências deletérias do racismo ameaçam a saúde mental e as subjetividades das mulheres e população negras.(AU)


This article discusses the consequences of racism on the mental health of black women members of the Dandara of Sisal Black Women Movement (MMNDS), which acts in the territory of Sisal, Bahia. The intersection of race and gender has fostered the movement's creation due to the gender impacting racism and the race affecting the sexism; as well as the fact that black women are victim of racism and sexism since the period of slavery. The methodological approach was qualitative and descriptive, with data collection methods by semi-structured interviews with six black women activists and participant observation of the Dandara of Sisal movement actions and activities. The women reported the racism, racial discrimination and prejudice that they suffered in their lives in different spaces and social institutions: family, school, university, job market, public health mechanisms etc. Being victim of such violence reflects negatively on the black identity, self-esteem, subjectivity, and mental health of these social actresses. They described the psychic suffering of social exclusion and the importance of being in the movement as strategies for mental empowerment and fight against the racism. Psychology is understood, as science and profession, as important in the anti-racist cause, since the deleterious effects of racism threaten the mental health and the subjectivity of black women and people.(AU)


Este texto se centra en las consecuencias del racismo en la salud mental de las mujeres negras miembros del Movimiento de Mujeres Negras Dandara do Sisal (MMNDS) que actúan en el Territorio do Sisal, en Bahía (Brasil). La intersección entre raza y género ha fomentado la organización del movimiento, ya que el género influye en el racismo, y el color en el machismo, además de que las mujeres negras han sido objeto de racismo y sexismo desde el período de la esclavitud. El enfoque metodológico utilizado fue descriptivo y cualitativo, para la recolección de datos se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas con seis mujeres negras y la observación participante de acciones y actividades del movimiento Dandara do Sisal. Las entrevistadas denunciaron racismo, discriminación y discriminación racial, que sufrieron en sus trayectorias en diferentes espacios e instituciones sociales: familia, escuela, universidad/colegio, mercado laboral, dispositivos de salud pública, etc. Ser víctima de este tipo de violencia refleja negativamente en la identidad negra, la autoestima, la subjetividad y la salud mental de las actrices sociales. Las militantes describieron el sufrimiento psíquico de la exclusión social y la importancia de estar en un colectivo como estrategia para el fortalecimiento mental y la lucha contra el racismo. Se entiende que la Psicología, mientras ciencia y profesión, es importante en la lucha antirracista, ya que las consecuencias nocivas del racismo amenazan la salud mental y las subjetividades de las mujeres negras y la población negra.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Women , Mental Health , Black People , Racism , Psychology , Socioeconomic Factors , Violence , Family , Color , Feminism , Sexism , Social Discrimination , Enslavement , Androcentrism , Empowerment
2.
Arq. Inst. Biol ; 85: e0812016, 2018. tab, mapas
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-996672

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to carry out a serum epidemiological survey of goat arthritis encephalitis in the sisal region of Bahia, Brazil, and to evaluate risk factors. We evaluated 831 samples of goat blood serum among males and females older than six months, from 49 farms distributed among the municipalities of Araci, Cansanção, Conceição do Coité, Itiúba, Monte Santo, Nordestina, Queimadas, Santa Luz, São Domingos and Valente. An epidemiological questionnaire for the analysis of possible risk factors was applied. All sera were tested for immune-agar gel. The seroprevalence obtained in surveyed herds was 1.56% (13/831). There was significant difference (p<0.05) for animal racial pattern, type of farming and breeding systems. However, when considering herds with predominantly dairy breeds (Saanen and Alpine Pardo), the seropositivity in animals from Valente, Conceição do Coité and São Domingos amounted to 5.06% (12/237). In these municipalities, from 14 properties analyzed, five (38.5%) had at least one positive-testing animal. This result is extremely worrying when one considers that few control measures are adopted by farmers to prevent the goat arthritis encephalitis in the most important dairy region of Bahia state.(AU)


Este trabalho teve por objetivo realizar um levantamento soroepidemiológico da artrite encefalite caprino na região sisaleira do estado da Bahia e avaliar os fatores de risco. Foram avaliadas 831 amostras de soros sanguíneos de caprinos entre machos e fêmeas, com idade superior a seis meses, provenientes de 49 propriedades rurais distribuídas entre os municípios de Araci, Cansanção, Conceição do Coité, Itiúba, Monte Santo, Nordestina, Queimadas, Santa Luz, São Domingos e Valente. Foi aplicado um questionário epidemiológico destinado à análise de possíveis fatores de risco. Todos os soros foram submetidos ao teste da imunodifusão em gel de ágar. A soroprevalência obtida nos rebanhos pesquisados foi de 1,56% (13/831). Houve diferença significativa (p≤0,05) para padrão racial dos animais, tipo de exploração e sistemas de criação. Quando se consideraram apenas os rebanhos com raças predominantemente leiteiras (Saanen e Pardo alpina), dos municípios de Valente, Conceição do Coité e São Domingos, a soropositividade nos animais elevou-se para 5,06% (12/237). Nesses municípios, de 14 propriedades analisadas, 5 (38,5%) apresentaram pelo menos um animal sororeagente. Esse resultado é extremamente preocupante quando se constata que poucas medidas de controle são adotadas pelos criadores para impedir a disseminação dessa importante enfermidade na bacia leiteira mais relevante do estado da Bahia.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Ruminants , Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine/pathogenicity , Health Surveillance , Seroepidemiologic Studies
3.
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine ; (12): 396-399, 2016.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-672500

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate the effects of Agave sisalana (A. sisalana) extract on Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) primary cell culture. Methods: Cells of Ae. aegypti were exposed to different concentrations of A. sisalana crude extract (0.18–6.00 mg/mL) for 24 h. Then, the cells were labeled with propidium iodide and subjected to fluorescence microscopy to verify cell viability. In addition, nitric oxide production was measured. Results: Results showed that cells exposed to 6 mg/mL of the crude extract presented a greater percentage of death when compared to control (73.8%± 9.6%vs. 34.6%± 9.6%). Furthermore, there was an increase in the nitric oxide production in cells exposed to 6 mg/mL of A. sisalana crude extract [(0.81 ± 0.08) mmol/L] compared to control group [(0.41 ± 0.18) mmol/L]. Conclusions: The results show that A. sisalana is cytotoxic to Ae. aegypti and may be used as raw material for new eco-friendly and inexpensive insecticides, since sisal in-dustry discards the liquid waste for the extraction of plant fiber.

4.
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine ; (12): 396-399, 2016.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-950762

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate the effects of Agave sisalana (A. sisalana) extract on Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) primary cell culture. Methods: Cells of Ae. aegypti were exposed to different concentrations of A. sisalana crude extract (0.18-6.00 mg/mL) for 24 h. Then, the cells were labeled with propidium iodide and subjected to fluorescence microscopy to verify cell viability. In addition, nitric oxide production was measured. Results: Results showed that cells exposed to 6 mg/mL of the crude extract presented a greater percentage of death when compared to control (73.8% ± 9.6% vs. 34.6% ± 9.6%). Furthermore, there was an increase in the nitric oxide production in cells exposed to 6 mg/mL of A. sisalana crude extract [(0.81 ± 0.08) μmol/L] compared to control group [(0.41 ± 0.18) μmol/L]. Conclusions: The results show that A. sisalana is cytotoxic to Ae. aegypti and may be used as raw material for new eco-friendly and inexpensive insecticides, since sisal industry discards the liquid waste for the extraction of plant fiber.

5.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 31(6): 1624-1633, nov./dec. 2015.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-965107

ABSTRACT

The aim this work was to evaluate the genetic variability within and among populations grown on sisal region of Bahia. The genetic diversity of 140 population of sisal was analyzed using ISSR molecular markers. Samples were collected in six counties in Bahia. Eighteen primers of ISSR were used, in which nine of them were effective in the amplification of DNA samples to yield 143 polymorphic loci. The average percentage of polymorphism found in the population was 64%. The average heterozygosis (He) and Shannon-Wiener index (I) were 0.180 and 0.279, respectively. 73% of the molecular variance can be due to intrapopulation differences. The populations were divided into two groups according to their geographical location, showing a structure of genetic variability in space. The GST 0.235, enough to avoid that there is a strong population differentiation. The genetic structure of sisal can be exploited for the creation of gene banks for conservation in situ and ex situ to obtain individuals of good commercial quality. There is genetic variability among sisal genotypes. ISSR molecular markers are efficient to analyze the divergence between sisal genotypes, assisting improvement work.


O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a variabilidade genética existente entre e dentro das populações cultivadas na região sisaleira baiana. A diversidade genética de 140 indivíduos de sisal foi analisada por meio de marcadores moleculares ISSR. As amostras foram coletadas em seis municípios baianos. Utilizando-se dezoito primers de ISSR, dos quais, nove foram eficientes na amplificação do DNA das amostras analisadas, obtendo-se 143 locos polimórficos. O percentual médio de polimorfismo encontrado nas populações foi de 64%. A média de heterozigosidade (He) e do índice de Shannon-Wiener (I) foram de 0,180 e 0,279, respectivamente. 73% da variância molecular pode ser atribuída às diferenças intrapopulacionais. As populações foram divididas em dois grupos, de acordo com sua localização geográfica, evidenciando uma estruturação da variabilidade genética no espaço. O GST de 0,235 foi suficiente para evitar que exista uma forte diferenciação populacional. A estruturação genética do sisal pode ser explorada para a criação de bancos de germoplasma, visando à conservação in situ e ex situ, para a obtenção de indivíduos de boa qualidade comercial. Há presença de variabilidade genética entre os genótipos de sisal. Marcadores moleculares ISSR são eficientes para analisar a divergência entre os acessos de sisal, auxiliando trabalhos de melhoramento.


Subject(s)
Genetic Variation , Agave , Seed Bank
6.
Rev. cuba. plantas med ; 19(3): 248-263, jul.-set. 2014.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-735385

ABSTRACT

Introducción: los géneros Furcraea y Agave comprenden un gran número de plantas xerófitas que se explotan principalmente en México, Colombia y Brasil. La producción de bebidas, cordeles, sacos, artículos artesanales, alimentación animal, fármacos, biomasa, refuerzo para construcciones, abono y sustrato para cultivos, son solo algunas de las aplicaciones directas de estas plantas. Sus extractos contienen una gran variedad de compuestos químicos muchos de los cuales tienen aplicaciones potenciales en el tratamiento de enfermedades como el cáncer. Entre los compuestos encontrados están las saponinas, hecogeninas, fructanos, celulosa y hemicelulosa. Objetivos: explorar la información publicada sobre los géneros Furcraea y Agave sus cualidades medicinales y agroindustriales e inferir sus posibilidades futuras de investigación y explotación. Métodos: la búsqueda bibliográfica se realizó en las bases de datos ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Academic Search Complete (EBSCO) y Redalyc, en los documentos encontrados entre los años de 1995 y 2012, seleccionando aquellos artículos que involucraban la caracterización química de las plantas, usos alternativos y algunos métodos de análisis químico realizados. Resultados: se muestra la información compilada sobre 4 especies del género Furcraea y 9 especies del género Agave. Algunas de las especies analizadas poseen saponinas, compuestos químicos con uso potencial en el tratamiento de cáncer. También se reporta la presencia de carbohidratos libres como glucosa y fructosa y poliméricos como los fructanos, estos últimos se clasifican como prebióticos. La celulosa, hemicelulosa y lignina que conforman la fibra principalmente de las hojas de las plantas, pueden emplearse como quelantes de origen biológico. Conclusiones: las plantas de los géneros Furcraea y Agave, consideradas en esta revisión, poseen sustancias químicas que pueden ser útiles en diversos campos médicos e industriales, aunque algunas especies no se han estudiado exhaustivamente.


Introduction: the genera Furcraea and Agave comprise a large number of xerophytic plants which are exploited mainly in Mexico, Colombia and Brazil to obtain beverages, twine, sacks, handicrafts, animal feed, pharmaceuticals, biomass, construction reinforcements, fertilizers and cultivation substratum, among other direct uses. Their extracts contain a great variety of chemical compounds, many of which have potential applications in the treatment of diseases such as cancer. Among such compounds are saponins, hecogenins, fructans, cellulose and hemicellulose. Objectives: explore the information published about the genera Furcraea and Agave and their medicinal and agroindustrial properties, and infer their future research and exploitation possibilities. Methods: a bibliographic search was conducted in the databases ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, AcademicSearch Complete (EBSCO) and Redalyc of documents published from 1995 to 2012. A selection was made of papers including the chemical characterization of the plants, their alternative uses and the methods of chemical analysis employed. Results: a presentation is provided of the information gathered about 4 species of the genus Furcraea and 9 of the genus Agave. Some of the species analyzed contain saponins, which are chemical compounds potentially useful in the treatment of cancer. A report is included of the presence of free carbohydrates, such as glucose and fructose, and polymeric carbohydrates like fructanes. The latter are classified as prebiotic. Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, which constitute the fiber mainly of leaves, may be used as chelating agents of biological origin. Conclusions: plants of the genera Furcraea and Agave, considered in this review, contain chemical substances potentially useful in a variety of medical and industrial fields, though some species have not been studied exhaustively.

7.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 55(5): 793-800, Sept.-Oct. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-651664

ABSTRACT

Approximately 1.5 trillion tons are the estimated yearly biomass production, making it an essentially unlimited source of raw material for environmentally friendly and biocompatible products transformed by microorganism, specially fungi and actinomycetes. Several lignocellulosic residues, such as sisal waste and sugarcane bagasse contain starch in their structures which could become important sources for the production of amylases. This study evaluated the production of amylolytic enzymes using Streptomyces sp. SLBA-08 strain, isolated from a semi-arid soil, according to their ability to grow on soluble starch as the sole carbon source. The effect of the carbon source (sisal waste and sugarcane bagasse) on α-amylase production was studied using submerged cultivations at 30 ºC. The highest level of α-amylase activity corresponded to 10.1 U. mL-1 and was obtained using sisal waste (2.7%) and urea (0.8%) in submerged fermentation after 3 days of cultivation. The partial characterization showed the best α-amylase activity at 50ºC and pH 7.0. These results are of great importance for the use of sisal waste as a substrate for biotechnological proposes.

8.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 63(6): 1493-1501, dez. 2011. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-608974

ABSTRACT

Avaliaram-se a composição bromatológica, os nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT), a digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca (DIVMS) e a cinética de fermentação ruminal do bulbilho e pseudocaule da planta do sisal e dos coprodutos do desfibramento do sisal (CDS) na forma de silagem, feno e amonização com 5 por cento de ureia e do pó da batedeira das fibras de sisal. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente ao acaso, com três repetições. Os valores da matéria seca variaram de 11,4 a 89,7 por cento na silagem e no feno do CDS, respectivamente. O CDS amonizado destacou-se com o maior valor de proteína bruta, 22,7 por cento. Para o pseudocaule e o pó da batedeira, não foram detectadas a presença de extrato etéreo. Os teores de carboidratos não fibrosos (CNF) foram mais altos no pseudocaule, 72,7 por cento, e no bulbilho, 69,5 por cento. Não houve diferença nos valores de DIVMS entre os alimentos avaliados. O pó da batedeira apresentou os maiores valores de NDT. Os teores de fibra em detergente ácido, de CNF e de produção cumulativa de gases do pó da batedeira, bulbilhos e pseudocaule os qualificam como volumosos de baixo teor de fibra e alta digestibilidade.


The terms of chemical composition, total digestible nutrient, in vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro gas production technique of plant components: steam base and braird and sisal co-products: SC (in natura, ammonization, and hay) and beater powder were evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized with three replications. The dry matter values were 11.4 percent for silage and 89.7 percent for hay. Sisal co product ammonized with 5 percent urea present high values of CP, 22.7 percent and braird, 10.5 percent. The steam base and beater powder do not present values for ether extract. The steam base and braird present high values for nonfiber carbohydrates, 72.7 and 69.5 percent, respectively. There were no significant differences for IVDMD. The acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and PCG values of braird, beater powder and steam base characterize as roughages with high fiber digestibility.

9.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 19(4): 270-272, Oct.-Dec. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-604687

ABSTRACT

It was evaluated the anthelmintic activity of Agave sisalana (sisal) juice against gastrointestinal nematodes and its potential toxic effects in goats. In vitro tests showed more than 95 percent reduction in larval counts of the genus Haemonchus spp. at concentrations between 86.5 and 146.3 mg.mL-1. In vivo the percent reduction of larvae of the fourth (L4) and fifth (L5) stages of Haemonchus, Oesophagostomum and Trichostrongylus was less than 95 percent in groups GI and GII, and between 80 and 90 percent in group GIII. A. sisalana juice at the concentrations tested in vitro was effective against gastrointestinal nematodes in goats; however, its anthelmintic efficacy was reduced when administered to animals.


Foi avaliada a atividade anti-helmíntica do suco de Agave sisalana (sisal) contra nematódeos gastrintestinais e possíveis efeitos tóxicos em caprinos. Nos testes in vitro, encontrou-se redução superior a 95 por cento na contagem de larvas do gênero Haemonchus spp. nas concentrações entre 86,5 e 146,3 mg.mL-1. In vivo, o percentual de redução de larvas de quarto (L4) e quinto (L5) estágios de Haemonchus, Oesophagostomum e Trichostrongylus foi inferior a 95 por cento para o GI e GII, e entre 80 e 90 por cento para o GIII. O suco de A. sisalana nas concentrações testadas in vitro foi efetivo contra nematódeos gastrintestinais de caprinos, apresentando, no entanto, reduzida eficácia anti-helmíntica quando administrado nos animais.


Subject(s)
Animals , Agave , Anthelmintics/pharmacology , Goats/parasitology , Nematoda/drug effects , Plant Preparations/pharmacology , Goat Diseases/drug therapy , Nematoda/isolation & purification , Nematode Infections/drug therapy , Nematode Infections/veterinary , Phytotherapy
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