ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the preparation of decellularized small intestinal submucosa (dSIS) sponge scaffolds with chelated strontium (Sr) ions at different pH values, and to select the appropriate pH values for synthesizing Sr/dSIS scaffolds using the physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of the scaffolds as evaluation indexes.@*METHODS@#(1) Sr/dSIS scaffolds preparation and grouping: After mixing dSIS solution and strontium chloride solution in equal volumes, adjusting pH of the solution to 3, 5, 7, and 9 respectively, porous scaffolds were prepared by freeze-drying method after full reaction at 37℃, which were named Sr/dSIS-3, -5, -7, and -9 respectively, and the dSIS scaffolds were used as the control group. (2) Physicochemical property evaluation: The bulk morphology of the scaffolds was observed in each group, the microscopic morphology analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, and the porosity and pore size determined, the surface elements analyzed by energy spectroscopy, the structure of functional groups analyzed by infrared spectroscopy, the chelation rate determined by atomic spectrophotometry, the water absorption rate detected by using specific gravity method, and the compression strength evaluated by universal mechanical testing machine.(3) Biocompatibility evaluation: The cytotoxicity and proliferative effect to bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) of each group were evaluated by Calcein-AM/PI double staining method.@*RESULTS@#Scanning electron microscopy showed that the scaffolds of each group had an interconnected three-dimensional porous structure with no statistical difference in pore size and porosity. Energy spectrum analysis showed that strontium could be detected in Sr/dSIS-5, -7 and -9 groups, and strontium was uniformly distributed in the scaffolds. Functional group analysis further supported the formation of chelates in the Sr/dSIS-5, -7 and -9 groups. Chelation rate analysis showed that the Sr/dSIS-7 group had the highest strontium chelation rate, which was statistically different from the other groups (P < 0.05). The scaffolds in all the groups had good water absorption. The scaffolds in Sr/dSIS-5, -7 and -9 groups showed significantly improved mechanical properties compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The scaffolds in all the groups had good biocompatibility, and the Sr/dSIS-7 group showed the best proliferation of BMSCs.@*CONCLUSION@#When pH was 7, the Sr/dSIS scaffolds showed the highest strontium chelation rate and the best proliferation effect of BMSCs, which was the ideal pH value for the preparation of the Sr/dSIS scaffolds.
Subject(s)
Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry , Biocompatible Materials , Strontium/pharmacology , Ions , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Tissue Engineering/methods , PorosityABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To compare the effects of three different crosslinkers on the biocompatibility, physical and chemical properties of decellularized small intestinal submucosa (SIS) porous scaffolds.@*METHODS@#The SIS porous scaffolds were prepared by freeze-drying method and randomly divided into three groups, then crosslinked by glutaraldehyde (GA), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodi-imide (EDC) and procyanidine (PA) respectively. To evaluate the physicochemical property of each sample in different groups, the following experiments were conducted. Macroscopic morphologies were observed and recorded. Microscopic morphologies of the scaffolds were observed using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and representative images were selected. Computer software (ImageJ) was used to calculate the pore size and porosity. The degree of crosslinking was determined by ninhydrin experiment. Collagenase degradation experiment was performed to assess the resistance of SIS scaffolds to enzyme degradation. To evaluate the mechanical properties, universal mechanical testing machine was used to determine the stress-strain curve and compression strength was calculated. Human bone marrow mesenchymal cells (hBMSCs) were cultured on the scaffolds after which cytotoxicity and cell proliferation were assessed.@*RESULTS@#All the scaffolds remained intact after different crosslinking treatments. The FESEM images showed uniformed interconnected micro structures of scaffolds in different groups. The pore size of EDC group[(161.90±13.44) μm] was significantly higher than GA group [(149.50±14.65) μm] and PA group[(140.10±12.06) μm] (P < 0.05). The porosity of PA group (79.62%±1.14%) was significantly lower than EDC group (85.11%±1.71%) and GA group (84.83%±1.89%) (P < 0.05). PA group showed the highest degree of crosslinking whereas the lowest swelling ratio. There was a significant difference in the swelling ratio of the three groups (P < 0.05). Regarding to the collagenase degradation experiment, the scaffolds in PA group showed a significantly lower weight loss rate than the other groups after 7 days degradation. The weight loss rates of GA group were significantly higher than those of the other groups on day 15, whereas the PA group had the lowest rate after 10 days and 15 days degradation. PA group showed better mechanical properties than the other two groups. More living cells could be seen in PA and EDC groups after live/dead cell staining. Additionally, the proliferation rate of hBMCSs was faster in PA and EDC groups than in GA group.@*CONCLUSION@#The scaffolds gained satisfying degree of crosslinking after three different crosslinking treatments. The samples after PA and EDC treatment had better physicochemical properties and biocompatibility compared with GA treatment. Crosslinking can be used as a promising and applicable method in the modification of SIS scaffolds.
Subject(s)
Humans , Biocompatible Materials/chemistry , Cross-Linking Reagents/chemistry , Porosity , Tissue Engineering/methods , Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry , Weight LossABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the long-term effects of porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) biologic mesh in open Lichtenstein tension-free hernia repair.Methods:The prospective randomized controlled study was conducted. The clinical data of 76 patients with unilateral inguinal hernia who underwent open Lichtenstein tension-free hernia repair in 2 medical centers (52 cases in Tianjin People′s Hospital and 24 cases in China-Japan Friendship Hospital) from August 2013 to March 2014 were selected. Based on random number method, patients were allocated into two groups. Patients undergoing Lichtenstein tension-free hernia repair using Biodesign Surgisis mesh were allocated into control group, and patients undergoing Lichtenstein tension-free hernia repair using SIS biologic mesh were allocated into experiment group. Observa-tion indicators: (1) grouping situations of the enrolled patients; (2) postoperative long-term effects. Follow-up was conducted using telephone interview, text message or mail to detect hernia recurrence or death due to other reasons as the end-point event of patients up to December 2019. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented by M (range), and comparison between groups was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were described as absolute numbers, and comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Results:(1) Grouping situations of the enrolled patients: a total of 76 patients were selected for eligibility. There were 38 cases in the control group and the experiment group, respectively. The number of males and females, age, body mass index, cases with intraspinal anesthesia or local anesthesia (anesthesia method), cases with inguinal hernia on the left side or on the right side, cases classified as type Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ or Ⅴ of Gilbert classification, operation time of the control group were 35, 3, (56±15)years, (23.0±2.0)kg/m 2, 22, 16, 16, 22, 9, 16, 0, 11, 2 and (49±15)minutes, respectively. The above indicators of the experiment group were 34, 4, (54±13)years, (22.9±2.2)kg/m 2, 17, 21, 14, 24, 9, 21, 1, 7, 0, and (53±21)minutes, respectively. There was no significant difference in the above indicators between the two groups ( χ2=0.157, t=0.532, 0.367, χ2=1.317, 0.220, Z=-0.315, t=-0.765, P>0.05). (2) Post-operative long-term effects: 35 patients of the control group were followed up for (68.8±2.7)months, 4 cases of which died due to other reasons, 1 case had hernia recurrence, 1 case had chronic pain and no foreign body sensation and postoperative infection occurred. Thirty-one patients of the experiment group were followed up for (68.8±2.7)months, with no death or above complications. There was no significant difference in hernia recurrence or chronic pain between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The long-term effects of biological mesh in open Lichtenstein tension-free hernia repair is satisfactory and there is no difference in the long-term effects between the domestic SIS biological mesh and Biodesign Surgisis mesh.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Rotator cuff injury is the main cause of shoulder dysfunction in adults. The rate of retear is very high in patients with rotator cuff tear treated with simple surgical suture. Biological materials can optimize the biomechanical property after rotator cuff injury. OBJECTIVE: To review the latest research and clinical application of biomaterials in the repair of rotator cuff injury. METHODS: PubMed and Web of science databases were retrieved for the latest researches on the biomaterials for repair of rotator cuff. The search terms were “rotator cuff injuries; biological materials; autograft; extracellular matrix materials; synthetic materials; biological scaffold; biological patch; augmentation”. Fifty-seven articles were classified and compared to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various repair biomaterials. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Currently, the biomaterials for repair of rotator cuff injury can be divided into three categories: untreated human tissue transplantation materials, extracellular matrix materials and synthetic materials. The latest clinical reports show that untreated human tissue transplantation materials often have different clinical effects. The results of extracellular matrix materials derived from human allogenic dermal materials are still acceptable. Most scholars do not recommend the use of small intestinal submucosal grafts from pigs. The latest three-dimensional collagen scaffolds and synthetic absorbable materials have good application prospects due to their good porosity and the ability to induce the healing of tendon and bone tissues. However, most of them are still in the stage of animal experiments, and more clinical trials are needed to confirm their safety and effectiveness. There is no safe and effective biomaterial to treat rotator cuff tear. With the development of tissue engineering technology and materials science, it is expected to find a satisfactory material in the future by combining the macroscopic properties of biological scaffolds or synthetic materials with the microscopic properties of stem cells or cytokines.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To prepare and evaluate the basic properties in vitro of a novel small intestinal submucosa (SIS) sponge, and to describe the bone formation ability of the SIS sponge in vivo.@*METHODS@#The SIS sponge was prepared by freeze-drying method. To evaluate the physicochemical properties of the sponge, electron microscope observation, porosity test, water absorption ability and mechanical property were conducted in vitro. The cytotoxicity of the SIS sponge was performed by cell counting kit-8 method. In vivo experiments, eighteen extraction sockets of premolar of three Beagle dogs were randomly divided into three groups: SIS sponge group (SIS sponge), positive control group (Bio-Oss granules and Bio-Gide membrane) and control group(no treatment). The animals were sacrificed 4 weeks and 12 weeks after operation, and micro computed tomography (Micro-CT) was applied to measure the bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and bone mineralized density (BMD). The data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA.@*RESULTS@#The average pore diameter of the SIS sponge was (194.90±30.39) μm, the porosity was 92.31%±0.24%, the water absorption rate was 771.50%±40.90%, and the compressive elastic modulus was (2.20±0.19) kPa. There was no significant difference in cell proliferation ability between SIS sponge and control group (P>0.05). Micro-CT quantitative results showed that BV/TV of SIS sponge group (52.81%±3.21%) and positive control group (58.30%±9.36%) were significantly higher than that of control group (38.65%±4.80%) 4 weeks after operation (P < 0.05). The BMD of SIS sponge group [(887.09±61.02) mg/cm3], positive control group [(952.05±132.78) mg/cm3] and control group [(879.29±74.27) mg/cm3] showed no statistical difference 4 weeks after operation (P>0.05). The BV/TV of positive control group (60.57%± 6.56%) was significantly higher than that of SIS sponge group (47.89%±3.59%) and control group (42.99%±2.54%) 12 weeks after operation (P < 0.05). BMD of SIS sponge group [(1047±89.95) mg/cm3] and positive control group [(1101.37±98.85) mg/cm3] were significantly higher than that of control group [(890.36±79.79) mg/cm3] 12 weeks after operation (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The SIS sponge has satisfying physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. The SIS sponge significantly increased bone volume fraction in the early stage of bone formation (4 weeks) and bone mineralized density in the late stage of bone formation (12 weeks).
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Osteogenesis , X-Ray MicrotomographyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To study the biodegradation properties of multi-laminated small intestinal submucosa (mSIS) through in vitro and in vivo experiments, comparing with Bio-Gide, the most widely used collagen membrane in guided bone regeneration (GBR) technique, for the purpose of providing basis to investigate whether mSIS meets the requirements of GBR in dental clinics.@*METHODS@#The degradation properties were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. In vitro degradation was performed using prepared collagenase solution. Morphology of mSIS and Bio-Gide in degradation solution were observed and the degradation rate was calculated at different time points. In in vivo experiments, nine New Zealand rabbits were used for subcutaneous implantation and were divided into three groups according to observation intervals. Six unconnected subcutaneous pouches were made on the back of each animal and were embedded with mSIS and Bio-Gide respectively. At the end of weeks 4, 8, and 12 after operation, gross observation and HE staining were used to evaluate the degree of degradation and histocompatibility.@*RESULTS@#In vitro degradation experiments showed that mSIS membrane was completely degraded at the end of 12 days, while Bio-Gide was degraded at the end of 7 days. Besides, mSIS maintained its shape for longer time in the degradation solution than Bio-Gide, indicating that mSIS possessed longer degradation time, and had better ability to maintain space than Bio-Gide. In vivo biodegradation indicated that after 4 weeks of implantation, mSIS remained intact. Microscopic observation showed that collagen fibers were continuous with a few inflammatory cells that infiltrated around the membrane. Bio-Gide was basically intact and partially adhered with the surrounding tissues. HE staining showed that collagen fibers were partly fused with surrounding tissues with a small amount of inflammatory cells that infiltrated as well. Eight weeks after operation, mSIS was still intact, and was partly integrated with connective tissues, whereas Bio-Gide membrane was mostly broken and only a few residual fibers could be found under microscope. Only a small amount of mSIS debris could be observed 12 weeks after surgery, and Bio-Gide could hardly be found by naked eye and microscopic observation at the same time.@*CONCLUSION@#In vitro degradation time of mSIS is longer than that of Bio-Gide, and the space-maintenance ability of mSIS is better. The in vivo biodegradation time of subcutaneous implantation of mSIS is about 12 weeks and Bio-Gide is about 8 weeks, both of which possess good biocompatibility.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Biocompatible Materials/metabolism , Bone Regeneration , Connective Tissue , Intestinal Mucosa , Intestine, Small , Membranes, ArtificialABSTRACT
Resumen ANTECEDENTE: el tratamiento de una fístula genitourinaria compleja es un reto por las múltiples dificultades para conseguir un resultado exitoso; el injerto biológico de intestino porcino puede ser una opción en estos casos. OBJETIVO: describir el diagnóstico de las fístulas genito-urinarias y su reparación con una innovadora interposición de injerto biológico de intestino delgado porcino. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: estudio prospectivo de serie de casos con diagnóstico de fístula vésico-vaginal y uretro-vaginal de pacientes atendidas en el Instituto Nacional de Perinatología entre los años 2012 a 2014. Descripción de los datos demográficos de cada paciente, proceso diagnóstico-clínico y estudios de gabinete y laboratorio; características de la fístula, técnica quirúrgica y seguimiento. RESULTADOS: se estudiaron 5 pacientes con fístulas tipo III o vésico-vaginales localizadas en el trígono, 3 de ellas relacionadas con cirugía ginecológica y 2 con un evento obstétrico, y una tipo I o uretrovaginal en la uretra proximal, relacionada con parto instrumentado. En el cierre del segundo plano, para la colocación del injerto biológico, se aplicó la técnica de reparación de Latzko modificada. Una paciente tuvo 4 reparaciones previas, otra una reparación previa y el resto ninguna. El tamaño varió de 0.5 cm a 3 cm. El seguimiento posoperatorio no evidenció recurrencia; una paciente tuvo incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo un año después. El seguimiento mínimo fue de 1 y el máximo de 2 años. No se registraron complicaciones posoperatorias. CONCLUSIÓN: el injerto de mucosa de intestino delgado porcino para la reparación de fístulas urogenitales complejas y recurrentes fue efectivo en todas las pacientes.
Abstract BACKGROUND: treatment of a complex genitourinary fistula is a challenge given the multiple difficulties to achieve a successful result, the biological grafting of porcine intestine can be an option in these cases. OBJECTIVE: to describe the diagnosis of genitourinary fistulas and their repair with an innovative interposition of small intestine porcine biological graft. MATERIALS AND METHODS: a prospective trial of a series of cases with a diagnosis of vesicovaginal and urethrovaginal fistula in patients of the Instituto Nacional de Perinatología between 2012 to 2014. Description of patient demographics, diagnostic and clinical process, imaging and lab tests; characteristics of the fistula, surgical technique and follow up. RESULTS: 5 patients with type III or vesicovaginal fistulas located in the trigone were studied, 3 of the fistulas are related to gynecological surgery and 2 with an obstetric event and one type 1 or urethrovaginal in the proximal urethra caused by an instrumented delivery. In the closure of the second layer for placement of the biological graft, we applied the modified Latzko repair technique. One patient had 4 previous repairs, another one had one previous repair and the rest had none. The size varied from 0.5 cm to 3 cm. The postoperative follow-up period did not show recurrence; one patient had stress urinary incontinence one year later. The minimum follow-up was 1 year and the maximum 2 years. No postoperative complications were reported. CONCLUSION: the porcine small intestinal submucosa graft for the repair of complex and recurrent urogenital fistulas was effective in all patients.
ABSTRACT
We evaluated the biological scaffold properties of canine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) compared to a those of polypropylene mesh in growing rats with full-thickness abdominal defects. SIS is used to repair musculoskeletal tissue while promoting cell migration and supporting tissue regeneration. Polypropylene mesh is a non-resorbable synthetic material that can endure mechanical tension. Canine SIS was obtained from donor German shepherds, and its porous collagen fiber structure was identified using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A 2.50-cm2 section of canine SIS (SIS group) or mesh (mesh group) was implanted in Sprague-Dawley rats. At 1, 2, 4, 12, and 24 weeks after surgery, the implants were histopathologically examined and tensile load was tested. One month after surgery, CD68+ macrophage numbers in the SIS group were increased, but the number of CD8+ T cells in this group declined more rapidly than that in rats treated with the mesh. In the SIS group, few adhesions and well-developed autologous abdominal muscle infiltration into the SIS collagen fibers were observed. No significant differences in the tensile load test results were found between the SIS and mesh groups at 24 weeks. Canine SIS may therefore be a suitable replacement for artificial biological scaffolds in small animals.
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Female , Rats , Abdominal Wall/surgery , Biocompatible Materials/therapeutic use , Intestinal Mucosa/cytology , Intestine, Small/cytology , Polypropylenes/therapeutic use , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Tensile Strength , Tissue Adhesions , Tissue Scaffolds , Transplantation, Heterologous/methods , Wound HealingABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: In order to develop a novel nerve guidance channel using porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) for nerve regeneration, we investigated the possibility of SIS, a tissue consisting of acellular collagen material without cellular immunogenicity, and containing many kinds of growth factors, as a natural material with a new bioactive functionality. METHODS: Left sciatic nerves were cut 5 mm in length, in 14 Sprague-Dawley rats. Grafts between the cut nerve ends were performed with a silicone tube (Silicon group, n=7) and rolled porcine SIS (SIS group, n=7). All rats underwent a motor function test and an electromyography (EMG) study on 4 and 10 weeks after grafting. After last EMG studies, the grafts, including proximal and distal nerve segments, were retrieved for histological analysis. RESULTS: Foot ulcers, due to hypesthesia, were fewer in SIS group than in Silicon group. The run time tests for motor function study were 2.67 seconds in Silicon group and 5.92 seconds in SIS group. Rats in SIS group showed a better EMG response for distal motor latency and amplitude than in Silicon group. Histologically, all grafts contained some axons and myelination. However, the number of axons and the degree of myelination were significantly higher in SIS group than Silicon group. CONCLUSION: These results show that the porcine SIS was an excellent option as a natural biomaterial for peripheral nerve regeneration since this material contains many kinds of nerve growth factors. Furthermore, it could be used as a biocompatible barrier covering neural tissue.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Axons , Collagen , Electromyography , Foot Ulcer , Hypesthesia , Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins , Myelin Sheath , Nerve Growth Factor , Nerve Growth Factors , Nerve Regeneration , Peripheral Nerves , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Regeneration , Sciatic Nerve , Silicones , TransplantsABSTRACT
Objective The sponge of the small intestinal submucosa(SSIS) is established by the material chemistry,in order to supply the database for the scaffold of the dermic tissue engineering.Methods At the regular temperature,the SSIS was conducted firstly by the physiochemical method.Then,the SSIS was crosslinked by the 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) so as to get the three dimentional SSIS.The morphological feature was obtained by the lighting and electron microscope,ophthalmic oberservation,the embedding in the mouse of the SSIS was used to observe the adsorbing and immunology.The results were analyzed by statistic software.Results The crosslinked SSIS was regular in the structure and not loosen,the framework was equilibrium,the pore was abundant with the diameter of the 100 ～ 200μm,the difference was obvious (all P ＜ 0.05).The firstweek after embedding did not exist the adherence leukocyte infiltration,the vascularization occur in the third week.The material was completed and had no elastic degradation.Conclusion Reconstructed SSIS has completed structure,elastic with the vascularization and minor immunology,which could be used as the extracellular scaffold for the dermic tissue engineering.
ABSTRACT
Small intestinal submucosa has been applied in a variety of areas of basic and clinical study with its Characteristics of anti-infective and Low immunogenicity and so on.However,it is common to find the shrinkage and other problems in some tissue repair,and affects the functional recovery of repaired tissue to a certain extent.Thus,it is still a question to be resolved that how to avoid the shrinkage and other adverse effects after tissue repair.This paper provides a reliable basis for further correct understanding of the SIS's capacity of tissue repair by reviewing and summarying its characteristics and present situation of tissue repair,especially put forwarding the shrinkage problem.
ABSTRACT
Here, we describe two dogs in which canine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) was implanted as a biomaterial scaffold during perineal herniorrhaphy. Both dogs had developed severe muscle weakness, unilaterally herniated rectal protrusions, and heart problems with potential anesthetic risks. Areas affected by the perineal hernia (PH) located between the internal obturator and external anal sphincter muscles were reconstructed with naive canine SIS sheets. In 12 months, post-operative complications such as wound infections, sciatic paralysis, rectal prolapse, or recurrence of the hernia were not observed. Symptoms of defecatory tenesmus also improved. Neither case showed any signs of rejection or specific immune responses as determined by complete and differential cell counts. Our findings demonstrate that canine SIS can be used as a biomaterial scaffold for PH repair in dogs.
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Male , Biocompatible Materials , Dog Diseases/surgery , Hernia, Abdominal/surgery , Herniorrhaphy/veterinary , Intestinal Mucosa/transplantation , Intestine, Small/transplantation , Perineum/surgery , Postoperative Complications/veterinary , Transplantation, Homologous/veterinaryABSTRACT
@#The need to find an alternative to the use of bowel for urinary reconstruction has renewed research interests involving bladder regeneration. Small intestinal submucosa (SIS) is an acellular, nonimmunogenic, biodegradable, xenogeneic, collagen-based material that is derived from the submucosa layer of porcine small intestine. SIS has demonstrated regenerative capacities in multiple organ systems, including the aorta, vena cava, ligaments, tendons, abdominal wall, and skin. This article reviewed the history of the development of the bladder regeneration and the studies involving the use of SIS for bladder augmentation.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Report the results using porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) as a graft material in the surgical management of Peyronie's disease (PD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of men with PD who underwent surgical correction of the curvature by plaque H incision and patch grafting with 4-ply SIS (Cook, Bloomington, IN) by a single surgeon at our institution. Degree and direction of curvature, sexual function, and co-morbidities were assessed pre- and postoperatively. RESULTS: Thirteen patients were identified. Mean age was 57 ± 8, range 42-70 years. Median follow-up was 14 months, range 3-89 months. At presentation, all reported penile curvature. Also reported were difficulty with vaginal penetration (determined by question number 2 of the sexual encounter profile questionnaire - SEP2), palpable plaque, hourglass deformity, difficulty with firmness, and difficulty with sustaining erection (determined by SEP3) in77 percent, 69 percent, 77 percent, 62 percent, and 46 percent of patients, respectively. Mean and median degrees of curvature of the primary deformity were 71 and 67.5 degrees, respectively. Three patients had secondary curves of less than 30 degrees in a different direction. Mean and median plaque size were 3.5 and 2.7 cm², respectively. Seven patients had one graft and six patients had two grafts placed with a mean size of 15 ± 0 cm². CONCLUSIONS: For the patient with PD, SIS grafting can achieve a functionally straight erection with durable results yet with relatively high rates of erectile dysfunction. SIS is a viable graft material for use in the surgical treatment of PD.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Animals , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Intestinal Mucosa/transplantation , Intestine, Small/transplantation , Penile Induration/surgery , Surgical Flaps , Erectile Dysfunction/etiology , Follow-Up Studies , Patient Satisfaction , Penile Induration/complications , Retrospective Studies , Swine , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
It is usually a challenge to repair the abdominal wall defect to general surgeons. With developing of materials science, the use of mesh provides a novel method of primary closure of abdominal wall defects in this set-ting. Recently , biological mesh has been reported to reconstruct abdominal wall successfully. This review is to in-troduce the recent status and progress on its biological characteristics,animal experiments and clinical Study.
ABSTRACT
@#Objective To investigate the morphological effect of fluid shear stress on pig iliac endothelium cells cultured solely or co-cultured with pig small intestinal submucosa.Methods The shear stress of 40×10-5 N/cm2 were carried out for 12 h on both groups.The images were recorded every 30 min.The directional angles were calculated.Results In the group of cell cultured solely:The defluvium of cells was obvious at the 1st hour,but the shape of cells didn't change.At the 4th hour,the defluvium of cells was little,the cell became round from its initiatory polygon shape.At the 8th hour,the defluvium of cell could not be observed.The shape of cells became fusiform and gracile.The cells arranged along the direction of flow field in the local area.At the 12th hour,the cells became more and more gracile.The trend of realignment of cells along the direction of flow field was obviously.The directional angles of cells at the 12th hour was significantly different from the zero hour.In the group of cell co-cultured with small intestinal submucosa:At the 1st hour,some of cells were brushed off mildly.The defluvium of cells could not been observed since the 2nd hour.The directional angles didn't change significantly in the 12 hours.Conclusion The shear stress of 40×10-55 N/cm2 cannot influence the cell of co-cultured but do influence the cell cultured solely.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To study the feasibility of using the bionic technology to construct small-caliber vascular prostheses with modified SIS.Methods: The vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells were separated from canine saphenous artery,the cells blended with collagen gel,which were planted respectively on the SIS films,these films were rolled into the biologic three-layer prostheses around a 3mm diameter polyethylene tube;one-layer prostheses without these cells and collagen gel served as control.These 2 types of prostheses were implanted into the defect of bilateral canine femoral by anastomosis in 15 dogs.doppler colour ultrasonic,histology detection and electron microscope examination were done postoperatively.Results: By 12 weeks postoperatively,14 biologic vascular prostheses had kept well patency,the patency rate being 93.3%,the biologic structure like blood vessels had formed,the inner surface of the vessels had been covered with full endothelial cells,a lot of smooth muscle cells had been found in the media of vascular walls in regular line;the patency rate in control group was 60.0%,the endothelial cell coverage was incomplete.Conclusions: The bionic vascular prostheses showed potent blood compatibility,which could keep long-term patency in vivo.Curative effect of repairing the small-caliber vessel defect was well satisfactory.
ABSTRACT
@#ObjectiveTo explore the release of exogenous growth factors from small intestinal submucosa (SIS) in bladder regeneration. MethodsThe release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) from SIS in vitro were evaluated by ELISA and MTT method. The defected bladder walls of rats in experimental group were repaired with porcine small intestinal submuscosa. Partial bladder mucosa and smooth muscle of the rats in control groups were destroyed. At regular intervals, the VEGF and bFGF expression were observed by histological and immunohistochemical methods. ResultsThe concentration of bFGF and VEGF released in vitro from SIS in PBS solution were (121.8±2.683) ng/L and (93.8±3.033) ng/L respectively, and showed proliferation of vascular endothelial cell. In the SIS framework, the capillary and smooth muscle were observed followed histological evaluation. The weak expression of VEGF and bFGF in both experimental and control groups were found in the first week. Since the second week the VEGF and bFGF expression in experimental group began to increase with a peak in the 6th week, and began to decrease after 8 weeks. In the control group, the weak VEGF and bFGF expression were shown during the observation. ConclusionSIS functions as a carrier for exogenous growth factors release in rat bladder regeneration.
ABSTRACT
@#ObjectiveTo explore the release of exogenous growth factors from small intestinal submucosa (SIS) in bladder regeneration. MethodsThe release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) from SIS in vitro were evaluated by ELISA and MTT method. The defected bladder walls of rats in experimental group were repaired with porcine small intestinal submuscosa. Partial bladder mucosa and smooth muscle of the rats in control groups were destroyed. At regular intervals, the VEGF and bFGF expression were observed by histological and immunohistochemical methods. ResultsThe concentration of bFGF and VEGF released in vitro from SIS in PBS solution were (121.8±2.683) ng/L and (93.8±3.033) ng/L respectively, and showed proliferation of vascular endothelial cell. In the SIS framework, the capillary and smooth muscle were observed followed histological evaluation. The weak expression of VEGF and bFGF in both experimental and control groups were found in the first week. Since the second week the VEGF and bFGF expression in experimental group began to increase with a peak in the 6th week, and began to decrease after 8 weeks. In the control group, the weak VEGF and bFGF expression were shown during the observation. ConclusionSIS functions as a carrier for exogenous growth factors release in rat bladder regeneration.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the results of graft repair of peripheral nerve defects using small intestinal submucosa(SIS) with crude Schwann cells. Methods Thirty-six male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups,with 12 in each group.Firstly,12-mm gaps of sciatic nerve were made in rats and then treated respectively with porcine SIS(group A),SIS compounded with crude Schwann cells(group B) and auto-nerve grafting(group C) in the three groups.The grafts were harvested 16 weeks postoperatively to evaluate the results of nerve regeneration through histological examination, triceps surae weight,computerized imaging analysis,Trueblue retrograde tracing and transmission electron microscopy. Results Nerve regeneration was confirmed to have extended through the gaps according to the results of histological examination,Trueblue retrograde tracing and transmission electron microscopy.Furthermore,in the respect of triceps surae weight,quantity of axis cylinder per area and percentage of neural tissue,the results of group B and group C were superior to those of group A with a significantly statistical difference(P0.05). Conclusion SIS compounded crude Schwann cells was able to achieve the outcome of auto-nerve grafting and was a promising replacement graft.