ABSTRACT
Background: Smoking, drinking and chewing tobacco producthave been positively associated with oral lesions. The objectiveof the present study was to determine the prevalence oforomucosal lesions in relation to tobacco habit among a NorthIndian population.Materials and Methods: The present retrospective study wasstudy conducted among 1840 patients who reported in thedepartment of dentistry at NSCB Medical College Jabalpur MP.Along with patient's demographic details, information regardingthe type of habits, duration, frequency, site of placement,period of contact with mucosa, and history of discontinuation ofhabit were recorded using a standardized interviewer-basedquestionnaire. The diagnoses of clinically suspicious lesionswere confirmed by biopsy. Tobacco-related OMLs werediagnosed based on the clinical features. The collected datawere tabulated, and frequency and distribution tables of OMLswere generated using Statistical Package for Social Sciencesversion 21 (SPSS for Windows, Version 21.0. Chicago, SPSSInc.).Results: In the present study total patients were 3250 in which1840 patients were having habits. 58.69% males were havinghabits and 41.30% females were having habits. 67.59% maleswere smokers, 21.85% males were chewers and 10.55%males were having mixed smokers. 63.15% males weresmokers, 28.94% males were chewers, and 7.89% maleswere having mixed smokers. 36.90% patients were smokers,42.38% patients were chewers and 20.71% patients werehaving both smoking and chewing habits. The prevalence oftobacco coated tongue (31.57%) was highest in femaleswhereas in males prevalence of smoker’s melanosis (30.46%)was highest among all oromucosal lesions.Conclusion: Our study concluded that in both males andfemales smoking tobacco habit was more common thanchewing. The prevalence of tobacco coated tongue washighest in females whereas in males prevalence of smoker’smelanosis was highest among all oromucosal lesions.
ABSTRACT
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la prevalencia de melanosis asociada a tabaquismo en un grupo de individuos venezolanos. Metodología: Fueron evaluados clínicamente 50 individuos fumadores (grupo fumadores) (GF) y 50 individuos no fumadores (grupo control) (GC) (n=100) que acudían a consulta odontológica de rutina. Después de firmado el correspondiente consentimiento informado, los datos epidemiológicos fueron recolectados así como la presencia de melanosis en la mucosa bucal. La prevalencia y el riesgo de melanosis por tabaquismo fueron determinados mediante SPSS versión 17.0 Resultados: El GF estuvo constituido por 18 mujeres (36%) y 32 hombres (64%) con una media de edad de 32.98±13.56 años. El GC fue conformado por 30 mujeres (60%) y 20 hombres (40%) con una media de edad de 34.4±13.88 años. 20 individuos del GF mostraron melanosis en la mucosa bucal (40%), principalmente localizadas en la encía y sólo 1 individuo (2%) del GC presentó pigmentaciones generalizadas. La presencia de melanosis fue estadísticamente mayor en el GF (p=0.0001), así como el riesgo a tener la entidad cuando se fuma (OR=32.67; 95%IC 26.36 a 38.97). Conclusiones: La melanosis o pigmentaciones bucales, principalmente de la encía, fueron una lesión frecuente observada en los individuos fumadores estudiados. Una persona con tabaquismo tiene un riesgo 30 veces mayor que una persona no fumadora de desarrollar melanosis de la mucosa bucal especialmente en la encía de la zona anterior
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of melanosis associated with smoking in a group of Venezuelans. Methodology: 50 smokers (smoking group) (GF) and 50 nonsmokers (control group) (GC) (n=100) were clinically evaluated during a routine dental appointment. After signing the corresponding informed consent, epidemiological data and the presence of melanosis in the oral mucosa were collected. The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS version 11.0. The prevalence and risk of melanosis by smoking were determined. Results: The GF was formed by 18 women (36%) and 32 men (64%) with a mean age of 32.98 ± 13.56 years. The GC was formed by 30 women (60%) and 20 men (40%) with a mean age of 34.4 ± 13.88 years. GF 20 individuals showed melanosis of the oral mucosa (40%), mainly located in the gums and only 1 patient had pigmentation GC (2%) of generalized type. The presence of melanosis was statistically higher in the GF (p = 0.0001), and the risk of getting that condition when smoked (OR = 32.67, 95% CI 26.36 to 38.97). Conclusions: The oral melanosis or pigmentation, especially the gum, was a common injury in smokers studied. A person who smokes has a risk 30 times greater than a nonsmoker to develop melanosis of the oral mucosa especially in the anterior gingiva