Alternancia política atípica en el municipio de Abasolo, Tamaulipas (1980-1983) / Atypical political alternation in the municipality of Abasolo, Tamaulipas (1980-1983)

RESUMEN El entrelazamiento de las convicciones ideológicas de la juventud del Partido Socialista de los Trabajadores (PST) en México y la experiencia victoriosa del reparto agrario con la fundación de los Nuevos Centros de Población Ejidal (NCPE), en el municipio de Abasolo, Tamaulipas, México, de los campesinos agrupados en Comités Ejecutivos Particulares Agrarios (CPEA), dieron lugar a la primera alternancia municipal de la historia contemporánea de Tamaulipas. El ayuntamiento fue reconocido constitucionalmente en 1983, siendo la única victoria electoral del PST en el estado. El objetivo de este trabajo fue documentar los antecedentes sobre la historia política y social del Partido Socialista de los Trabajadores (PST) de 1980 a 1983. El procedimiento de esta investigación fue histórica, con base en la triangulación de fuentes primarias y secundarias, siguiendo la premisa de que la política es la continuación de la guerra por otros medios. La historia del rompimiento de la hegemonía del Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI), en Abasolo, fue recreada con archivos históricos y entrevistas orales de diferentes actores sociales de la época. El PST alcanzó el reconocimiento constitucional del ayuntamiento en 1983 por 21 días, por lo que se dio una alternancia municipal atípica. Esta alternancia, resultó ser atípica no sólo por el hecho de que un partido distinto y de reciente creación ganara las elecciones, sino por las condiciones en las que se eligió el candidato y se dio el proceso electoral municipal, así como el modo en que el presidente municipal concluyó el periodo constitucional. Dichos sucesos posibilitaron la lucha político-electoral entre el PST y el Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI) en ese municipio.

ABSTRACT The interlacing between the ideological convictions of the Socialist Workers Party (SWP) youth in Mexico, the victory of land distribution among the New Ejido Population Settlements (Nuevos Centros de Población Ejidal, NCPE), and the organization of farmers in Particular Executive Committees of Agriculture (Comités Ejecutivos Particulares Agrarios, CEPA), resulted in the first political alternation contemporary history of Tamaulipas, which took place in Abasolo municipality. The city council was constitutionally recognized in 1983, being the only electoral victory of the SWP in the state. The objective of this paper is to record the background of the political and social history of the SWP from 1980 to 1983. This was a historical research based on the triangulation of primary and secondary sources, following the assumption that politics is the prolongation of the war by other means. The history of the hegemony of the Institutional Revolutionary Party's (Partido Revolucionario Institucional, PRI) breakdown in Abasaolo was recreated through historical archives and oral interviews with different social actors of the time. The SWP achieved constitutional recognition from the city council in 1983 during 21 days, representing an atypical political alternation in the municipality. This alternation was atypical not only because a different party was elected, but also due to the conditions in which the electing process was conducted, how the elected candidate was chosen, and the manner in which the city mayor concluded the constitutional period. These events made the political struggle between the SWP and the PRI possible in this municipality.

Trabalho social cubano e tendências teóricas atuais / Cuban social work and current theoretical trends

Este artigo tem por objetivo abordar as tendências teóricas do trabalho social cubano a partir do início da transição socialista na Ilha (janeiro de 1959). Para tanto, recupera aspectos da história mais recente deste país e situa a importância do movimento 26 de julho (M-26-7) que lutou contra a ditadura de Fulgencio Batista que culminou como a transição socialista e a reestruturação do trabalho social em Cuba. Destaca, ainda, as principais inspirações teórico-políticas que têm orientado o sentido do trabalho social cubano nos últimos 25 anos, suas diversas tendências, seus elementos constituintes, suas teses centrais. Analisa, por fim, com base nesse estudo, os limites e as potencialidades para consolidar uma formação universitária profissional crítica na Ilha, fiel à tradição socialista nela construída e caudatária de suas experiências militantes e progressistas.

This paper considers the theoretical tendencies of Cuban Social Work from the beginning of the socialist transition in the island (January 1959). For this purpose, revisits aspects of recent Cuban history, locates the importance of the 26 of July movement (M-26-7) which fought Fulgencio Batista's dictatorship and culminated with socialist transition and the reorganization of Social Work in Cuba. The paper also emphasizes the most important theoretical inspirations which oriented Cuban social work in the last 25 years, its various tendencies, its constitutive elements and central theses. Finally, based on its findings, the paper analyses the limits and potentialities for the consolidation of a critical professional social work university education in the island, aligned to its socialist tradition and in the light of its progressive militant experiences.

Investigation on the Cultivation Ways of Medical Students'Socialist Core Values in the Mobile Internet Era / 中国医学伦理学

The traditional cultivation ways of socialist core values among medical students existed many short-comings in the aspects of attraction, innovation, influence and so on. The medical students' basic attitude to social-ist core value was positive, but there were some characteristics of lack of initiative, lack of practice force, lack of awareness and so on. The construction of new cultivation ways need the combination of the traditional education and the emerging Internet media, especially mobile Internet terminals and thought, construct the education network of the combination of the school, family and society, and make medical students' socialist core values internalized in the mind and externalized in the practice truly.

Practical Exploration on the Cultivation of Socialist Core Values through Carrying forward Traditional Culture in Medicine Colleges and Universities / 中国医学伦理学

From the practical level,the paper firstly discussed the particularity that medical colleges and uni-versities combined with its moral education work and the cultivation paths of socialist core values through carrying forward the excellent traditional culture.Thereafter,it demonstrated its feasibility and combed the realistic predica-ment.Finally,it pointed out some suggestions from the aspects of the first class,second class and online class.

Research on the Internal Harmony between Traditional Chinese Medicine Culture and Socialist Core Values / 中国医学伦理学

Traditional Chinese medicine culture contains the essence of Chinese traditional culture and provides inspiration and inexhaustible power for the construction of the socialist core value system.Great medical sincerity,harmony between man and nature,reconcile to harmony,people-oriented idea and other philosophical thoughts and ethical moralities are the common value orientation and inner requirement between traditional Chinese medicine culture and socialist core value system and also the foundation and direction for the peripheral extension of their connotation.In a particular sense,traditional Chinese medicine culture and socialist core value have the intersection of internal attributes.Promoting the interaction and internal harmony between the two will have important reference significance for contemporary culture,social construction and the development of Chinese medicine itself.

Construcción de una escala de ideología política en el contexto costarricense a partir de un trabajo realizado en Córdoba, Argentina / Construction of a scale of political ideology in Costa Rican context from a work done in Córdoba, Argentina

Resumen La ideología política refleja una serie de creencias y comportamientos que pueden ser medidos, siendo necesario la creación de un instrumento psicométrico que permita llevar a cabo dicho fin. Para ello, se utilizó como base la escala construida por Brussino, Rabbia, Imhoff y Paz García (2011), quienes desarrollaron un trabajo similar en Córdoba, Argentina. El procedimiento contempló la valoración de personas expertas, entrevistas cognitivas y una muestra de 117 asesoras y asesores de la Asamblea Legislativa de Costa Rica, además del apoyo de dos personas diputadas. Los datos arrojan que el instrumento mide tres tipos de ideología (conservadora, socialista y progresista) con un índice aceptable de confiabilidad (a = 0.747).

Abstract The political ideology reflects a series of beliefs and behaviors that can be measured, being necessary the creation of a psychometric instrument. In this way, we used the scale constructed by Brussino, Rabbia, Imhoff, & Paz García (2011), who developed a similar work in Cordoba, Argentina. The procedure included expert's criteria, cognitive interviews and a sample of 117 advisers from the Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica, in addition to the support of two deputies. The data show the instrument can measure three types of ideology (conservative, socialist and progressive) with an acceptable reliability (a = .747).

Socialismo cien años después / Socialism one hundred years later

A los 17 años del siglo XXI, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo reivindicar el imaginario socialista frente al fracaso del capitalismo, y de los propios errores de las diferentes experiencias de transformación social. Cien años de aniversario de la primera experiencia socialista en el mundo, se toma como motivación para reflexionar sobre las posibles temáticas de la agenda de la ciencia del socialismo; en la delimitación de la evaluación del socialismo, como proyecto histórico monumental, entre la necesidad del cambio social y el cómo hacerlo.

The aim of this article is to claim the socialist imaginary in the face of the failure of capitalism and the mistakes of the different experiences of social transformation. One hundred years of the first socialist experience in the world, is taken as a motivation to reflect on the possible themes of the socialist science agenda; in the delimitation of the evaluation of socialism, as a monumental historical project, between the need for social change and how to do it.

Research on the Students′Socialist Core Values Construction in Medical University / 中国医学伦理学

Objective:To investigate the cognitive status of socialist core value among medical students, and to provide reference for the core value education in medical colleges and universities. Methods: 1024 medical students were selected with random cluster sampling method, and the socialist core value was investigated using self-designed questionnaire. Results:It was shown that 69 percent of medical students recognized the importance of socialist core values, but the contents had not been mastered. Social atmosphere, medical student's own short-coming and school education were all the factors leading to the weakness of socialist core values. Conclusion:It is quite necessary to cultivate medical students′socialist core values. Class, school, and society should play the main role to guide the medical students to establish the correct socialist core value.

Traditional Medical Ethics and Cultivating the Core Socialist Values / 中国医学伦理学

Combining with traditional medical ethics for medical students to carry out the cultivation of core so -cialist values is a specific and realistic path .Virtue ethics features of traditional medical ethics are good for medical students to internalize core socialist values .Normative characteristics of traditional medical ethics are good for med-ical students to be cultivated of social responsibility , sense of responsibility to life , dedication and integrity aware-ness .By demonstrating the role of ethics and ancient doctors′model in classic literature , students can not only un-derstand the rich connotations of traditional ethics of traditional culture , but also get the cultivation and practice of core socialist values .

Problems and Countermeasures for Professional Personality Cultivating in Medical Staff / 中国医学伦理学

Now, parts of the medical personnel have some problems such as low professional moral accomplish-ment, lack of sense of responsibility, professional skills and post does not match, faith is not strong, and so on. The external environment and internal weakening sense for cultivation are the main reasons.Therefore, optimizing the external environment, improving the education system, strengthening medical personnel’ s values, could pro-mote the formation of medical staff’ s professional personality, and eventually led to a powerful implement of social-ist core values in medical practice.

Localization Research of Medical Social Work Ethics / 中国医学伦理学

Pass an overview about medical social work ethics and analyzed the reasons.Based on China′s na-tional conditions and the basis of the particularity of medical social work in China, puts forward the paths of the lo-calization of medical social work ethics, namely, improve the adaptability of western medical ethics of social work, realizes the Chinese traditional culture and western medical social work ethics, mutual accommodation, with the so-cialist core values at the head of the medical social work ethic construction in our country.

Human cadaveric dissection: a historical account from ancient Greece to the modern era / 대한해부학회지

The review article attempts to focus on the practice of human cadaveric dissection during its inception in ancient Greece in 3rd century BC, revival in medieval Italy at the beginning of 14th century and subsequent evolution in Europe and the United States of America over the centuries. The article highlights on the gradual change in attitude of religious authorities towards human dissection, the shift in the practice of human dissection being performed by barber surgeons to the anatomist himself dissecting the human body and the enactment of prominent legislations which proved to be crucial milestones during the course of the history of human cadaveric dissection. It particularly emphasizes on the different means of procuring human bodies which changed over the centuries in accordance with the increasing demand due to the rise in popularity of human dissection as a tool for teaching anatomy. Finally, it documents the rise of body donation programs as the source of human cadavers for anatomical dissection from the second half of the 20th century. Presently innovative measures are being introduced within the body donation programs by medical schools across the world to sensitize medical students such that they maintain a respectful, compassionate and empathetic attitude towards the human cadaver while dissecting the same. Human dissection is indispensable for a sound knowledge in anatomy which can ensure safe as well as efficient clinical practice and the human dissection lab could possibly be the ideal place to cultivate humanistic qualities among future physicians in the 21st century.

Os primórdios de Gramsci: entre o Risorgimento e a I Guerra Mundial / The beginning of Gramsci: between the Risorgimento and World War I

O presente texto analisa as influências do pensamento liberal sobre os primórdios da formação intelectual e política de Gramsci. Mostra que, inicialmente, Gramsci encontra em Benedetto Croce e Giovanni Gentile, representantes do neo-idealismo italiano,um referencial de análise mais progressista e moderno sobre a Itália do que o de Guglielmo Ferrero e Filippo Turati, expoentes do Partido Socialista Italiano. Sua posição em favor do liberalismo manifesta-sena defesa da modernidade e da capacidade de autodeterminação do sujeito. Contudo, a influência liberal não o impediu de saudar a revolução de outubro de 1917, quando ainda permaneciam pontos de contato entre seu pensamento e o de Croce. A passagem de Gramsci ao comunismo e sua ruptura com a influência neo-idealista e liberal ocorrerão durante o aprofundamento dos conflitos históricos, tais como a I Guerra Mundial e o crescimento do antagonismo entre o Ocidente liberal e a Revolução Soviética.

The text analyzes the influence of liberal thinking in the beginning of Gramsci's intellectual and political development. It shows that initially Gramsci finds in the ideas of Benedetto Croce and Giovanni Gentile, supporters of Italian new-idealism, a more progressive and modern framework for examining Italy than in the ideas defended by Guglielmo Ferrero e Filippo Turati, exponents of the Italian Socialist Party. His support of liberalism manifests itself in the defense of modernity and the capacity for self-determination. But the liberal influence did not stop him from welcoming the october Revolution of 1917, although there still remained points of contact between Croce's thinking and his own. Gramsci's embrace of communism and his rupture with new-idealist and liberal trends takes place later, during the deepening of historical conflicts, such as Word War I and the increasing antagonism between the liberal West and the Soviet Revolution.

Los socialistas y la psicología: 3 momentos en el marco de la Cátedra de Psicología Fisiológica y Experimental en la Universidad de Buenos Aires / Socialists and psychology: 3 phases within the framework of the experimental psychology course at the University of Buenos Aires

Se analiza la intersección entre Psicología y Socialismo, en el marco de la Cátedra de Psicología Fisiológica y Experimental de la Universidad de Buenos Aires y la influencia de los modelos experimentales en las preferencias de los socialistas, la influencia del socialismo en ciertas formulaciones en psicología. Se consideran 3 momentos: a) Presencia y participación de Alicia Moreau de Justo en el Laboratoio de Horacio Piñero en 1905 y su adherencia al modelo experimental. b) El Laboratorio y su expansión bajo la Dirección de José Alberti. Instrumentación de sus aplicaciones al estudio de la fatiga como fundamentación de la duración de la jornada laboral, Alfredo Palacios. (1921) c) Mouchet, sus concepciones de psicología vital y sus definiciones espiritualistas del trabajo como Diputado Socialista (alrededor de la crisis política del 30)

The interaction Psychology-Socialism is analized in reference to the Chair of Experimental Psychology at University of Buenos Aires in order to study its reciprocal influences. Three different moments are considered: a) Alicia Moreau ,assistant at H.Piñero's Laboratory (1905) b) The Lab as providing experimental support to laboral laws (fatigue studies) A.Palacios, J.Alberti,1921 c) E.Mouchet, vital psychology and his spiritualistic view of work as a Socialist Congressman. (circa 1930'political crisis)

Hospital Administrative Morals and Medical Quality / 中国医学伦理学

Marbet Ecomomy has some negative influence on hospital administrative morals and has some restrictive effect on improvement of medical quality. So new concepts of hospital administrative morals are required to overcome the negative elements of socialist market economy. At present, the urgent requirement of hospital administrative morals is to handle the relationship between the two benefits correctly, using medical quality as a means of nucleus.

On the Teaching Approach in the Education of Socialist Outlook on Honor and Shame for Medical Professionals / 中国医学伦理学

New teaching approaches and modes should be developed in the education of socialist value of honor and disgrace,in order to unify socialist value of honor and disgrace with the personal development of medical professionals,realize the social function of medical professionals during the cultural transmission,stress the construction of hospital culture which is oriented by socialist value of honor and disgrace,strengthen the timely characteristics of teaching content and mode in moral education,thus morality and the socialist value of honor and disgrace could be developed in the whole society.

Thinking of socialist ethical proplem and Medical purpose about pregnantless / 中国医学伦理学

This paper discuss thinking of socialist ethical problem and medical purpose and pregnantless. From analyzes of 6300 letter to professor Li ZhuZhang, famous expert in human reproductive techniques. Medical purpose is quality of life and health.

A Study on the Mechanism of Integrity Educational for Medical Students from the Perspective of Socialist-Cored Values / 中国医学伦理学

Integrity education,as the main content of strengthening and improving ideological and political education of medical students,is an important part in building the socialist-cored value system and plays a key role in cultivating high-quality medical talents.This paper analyzes the connotations of integrity education from the perspective of socialist-cored value system,clarifies its demonstrations and expounds on the reasons for the lack of integrity among medical students.A deep understanding of integrity education is proposed in order to enhance students' cognition of integrity.Various strategies should be applied in its implementation process,and innovations should be brought forth in practice to achieve an effective long-term mechanism of integrity education.