ABSTRACT
Objective: To analyze the volatile components in different brands of moxa cones and sticks. Methods: Head- space solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS)was used to qualitatively analyze volatile components in different brands of moxa cones and sticks. The relative content of each component was calculated by peak area normalization method. The experimental data were comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis. Results: The total ion chromatograms of the volatile components of moxa cones and sticks in 7 batches produced by 5 manufacturers were simi- lar on the whole,but the volatile components were still different. Eighty-six compounds were identified initially. The most common components were found to be eucalyptol,camphor,terpineol,bornyl acetate,caryophyllene,caryophyllene,oxide(-)-4-terpineol, and cliff ketone. Conclusion: Using HS-SPME-GC-MS could quickly provide information for the chemical composition of the volatile componentsin themoxaconesandsticks,andtherearesignificantdifferencesin thevolatilecomponentsamongdifferentbrands.
ABSTRACT
Biological sample pretreatment is an important step in biological sample analysis. Due to the diversity of biological matrices, the analysis of target substances in these samples presents significant challenges to sample processing. To meet these emerging demands on biopharmaceutical analysis, this paper summarizes several new techniques of on-line biological sample processing: solid phase extraction, solid phase micro-extraction, column switching, limited intake filler, molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction, tubular column, and micro-dialysis. We describe new developments, principles, and characteristics of these techniques, and the application of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in biopharmaceutical analysis with these new techniques in on-line biological sample processing.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for analyzing the volatile components in Cuscuta chinensis,and compare the difference of the volatile components in C. chinensis. METHODS:HS-SPME-GC-MS was adopted:sampling amount was 1.0 g, extracting fibers was 65 μm PDMS/DVB,equilibrium temperature was 120 ℃,equilibrium time was 15 min,extraction time was 30 min,resolution time was 3 min;GC conditions:the column was HP-5MS quartz capillary column,programmed temperature, inlet temperature was 230 ℃,carrier gas was high purity helium,the flow rate was 1.0 ml/min,splitless injection;MS condi-tions:ion source was electron ionization,temperature was 230 ℃,quadrupole temperature was 150 ℃,electron energy was 70 eV,photomultiplier tube voltage was 1.2 kV,the interface temperature was 280 ℃,and scanning range was m/z 35-550. Com-bined with the qualitative analysis for volatile components of C. chinensis from different habitats by HP ChemStation,the relative content was calculated by peak area normalization,and the data was analyzed by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. RESULTS:Totally 52 components were identified,9 of which were the common components in C. chinensis,namely leaf alcohol, 1-octene-3-ol,3-octanol,malt alcohol,diethyl phthalate,caryophyllene,nonaldehyde,octanol and palmitic acid. sample 1,2,3 were clustered into a group,then clustered with 4,5,6 into a group,sample 7,8,9 was clustered into a group,then clustered with 10,11,12 into a group,and sample 13,14,15 clustered into a group individually. CONCLUSIONS:The method is stable and reliable,and suitable for the rapid analysis of volatile components in C. chinensis;and differences of volatile components in C. chinensis from diflerent habitats are discernible.