Analysis of furans and pyridines from new generation heated tobacco product in Japan

BACKGROUND@#In recent years, heated tobacco products (HTPs), which are widely used in Japan, have been sold by various brands using additives such as flavors. It has been reported that the components of mainstream smoke are different from those of conventional cigarettes. In this study, we established an analytical method for furans and pyridines in the mainstream smoke, which are characteristic of HTPs and particularly harmful among the generated components, and investigated the amount of component to which the smokers are exposed.@*METHODS@#We established a simple analytical method for simultaneous analysis of gaseous and particulate compounds in the mainstream smoke of HTPs (IQOS, glo, ploom S) in Japan by combining a sorbent cartridge and glass fiber filter (Cambridge filter pad (CFP)). Both the sorbent cartridge and CFP were extracted using 2-propanol and analyzed via GC-MS/MS to determine the concentration of furans and pyridines generated from each HTP.@*RESULTS@#The results showed that the levels of target furans such as furfural, 2-furanmethanol, 2(5H)-furanone, and 5-methylfurfural tended to be higher in the mainstream smoke of glo than in standard cigarettes (3R4F). Pyridine, which is generated at a high level in 3R4F as a combustion component, and 4-ethenylpyridine (EP), which is a known marker of environmental tobacco smoke, were detected. Among these components, 2-furanmethanol and pyridine are classified as Group 2B (possibly carcinogenic to humans) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Therefore, it is possible that they will contribute to the health effects caused by use of HTPs.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Using the new collection and analytical method for furans and pyridines in the mainstream smoke of HTPs, the level of each compound to which smokers are exposed could be clarified. By comprehensively combining information on the amount of ingredients and toxicity, it will be possible to perform a more detailed calculation of the health risks of using HTPs. In addition, the components detected in this study may be the causative substances of indoor pollution through exhaled smoke and sidestream smoke; therefore, environmental research on the chemicals generated from HTPs would be warranted in future studies.

Diagnóstico de especies de Giardia por comparación de dos pruebas inmunoabsorbentes ligadas a enzimas / Diagnosis of Giardia Species by Comparison of Two Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Tests

Background: There was some trade produced enzyme-immuno-sorbent assays tests to diagnose antigens of Giardia spin stool specimens, like Rida Quick Giardia and Serazym ELISA Giardia® tests. In this study, we evaluated the performance of two commercially available EIA kits for detecting Giardia antigens. Methods: A total of 96 stool specimens were collected from patients who attended for different Primary Health Care centers in Al-Qurna sector / Basrah Health Directorate, Ministry of Health/ Environment, Basrah, Iraq at period from 2nd of March 2018 to 28th of September 2018. All specimens were examined by conventional methods of microscopic examination, and by both enzyme-immuno-sorbent assays tests. Results: Serazym ELISA Giardia® had a sensitivity of 90.1%, a specificity of 100%, and an accuracy of 91.7%. The Rida Quick Giardia® showed a sensitivity of 79%, a specificity of 100%, and an accuracy of 82.3%. Serazym ELISA Giardia® showed 10% discrepancy better than Rida Quick Giardia® which showed 8%, this was of a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: Antigen detection by EIA has been established as a valuable tool to make parasite stool diagnostics more effective. Serazym ELISA Giardia® is more reliable than Rida Quick Giardia

Discovery of the anti-angiogenesis effect of eltrombopag in breast cancer through targeting of HuR protein

HuR (human antigen R), an mRNA-binding protein responsible for poor prognosis in nearly all kinds of malignancies, is a potential anti-tumor target for drug development. While screening HuR inhibitors with a fluorescence polarization (FP) based high-throughput screening (HTS) system, the clinically used drug eltrombopag was identified. Activity of eltrombopag on molecular level was verified with FP, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), simulation docking and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Further, we showed that eltrombopag inhibited cell proliferation of multiple cancer cell lines and macrophages, and the anti-tumor activity was also demonstrated in a 4T1 tumor-bearing mouse model. The data showed that eltrombopag was efficient in reducing microvessels in tumor tissues. We then confirmed the HuR-dependent anti-angiogenesis effect of eltrombopag in 4T1 cells and RAW264.7 macrophages with qRT-PCR, HuR-overexpression and HuR-silencing assays, RNA stability assays, RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays. Finally, we analyzed the anti-angiogenesis effect of eltrombopag on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) mediated by macrophages with cell scratch assay and Matrigel angiogenesis assay. With these data, we revealed the HuR-dependent anti-angiogenesis effect of eltrombopag in breast tumor, suggesting that the existing drug eltrombopag may be used as an anti-cancer drug.

Prevalence and epidemiological aspect of dengue fever in western Rajasthan in year 2018

Background: Dengue fever (DF) is a common mosquito borne disease caused by dengue virus and is transmitted by Aedes mosquito. It is one of the major public health problems in India which affects all levels of society, but the burden of disease is a higher in poor people who live together in communities.  Aim of present study is aimed to assess the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of cases of DF in  Tertiary Care Hospitals in Jodhpur, Rajasthan.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in all cases of DF registered in the associated group of Hospitals of Dr. S.N. Medical College, Jodhpur from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2018. Rapid immune-chromatographic card test and MAC ELISA test method was used to detect dengue non-structural protein 1 (NS1) antigen and dengue immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies in the Viral Research Diagnostic Laboratory (VRDL) of Department of Microbiology, Dr. S.N. Medical College to confirm the diagnosis. Results: Out of 2701 patients, 541 patients were tested serologically positive for DF (NS1, IgM). The highest number of suspected cases (1061) was reported in the month of October, 2018 out of whom 228 were positive. Maximum number of dengue cases reported were males belonging to 31-40 years age group from urban area. Fever was the main complaint in all the cases followed by vomiting, headache, and abdominal pain.Conclusion: Dengue is one of the major public health problems in India. A large number of cases are reported in the monsoon and post-monsoon period in the months from  September to December. Measures can be taken both at personal and government level to reduce morbidity and mortality from dengue.

Effect of Huayu Qutan Recipe in Regulating Aortic MAPK Pathway-related Gene Expression in Atherosclerosis Mice / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To investigate the expression changes of mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPK) signaling pathway-related genes in ApoE-/- mice and the intervention effect of Huayu Qutan recipe on them, in order to explore the anti-atherosclerotic(AS) effect and possible mechanism of Huayu Qutan recipe. Method: Fifty ApoE-/- mice were randomly divided into model group, tanshinone ⅡA group (30 mg·kg-1·d-1), and high-dose phlegm group (20 g·kg-1·d-1), the middle-dose group (10 g·kg-1·d-1), and the low-dose group (5 g·kg-1·d-1), and 10 C57BL/6/J mice were included in the blank controls group. Automated biochemical analyzer was used to detect serum triglyceride(TG), cholesterol(TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) content; hematoxylin-eosin(HE) was used to detect aortic plaque in each group; oil red O was used to detect liver lipid deposition in each group; enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay(ELISA) was used to determine vascular cell adhesion protein-1(VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1), interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in serum of each group; Western blot was performed to detect c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase(p-JNK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK), p38 MAPK, p-p38 MAPK, extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK), and expression of p-ERK. Result: Compared with the blank control group, serum TC, TG, LDL-C levels in the model group were significantly increased, while HDL-C levels were significantly decreased; aortic plaques were observed in the aortic lumen, and lots of lipid deposition were observed in the liver cells. Serum inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 increased(PPα, IL-6, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 were decreased. The expressions of p-p38 MAPK and p-JNK genes in intravascular associated MAPK signaling pathway were significantly decreased. p-ERK expression trend was not obvious(PConclusion: Huayu Recipe can inhibit the formation of aortic plaque in ApoE-/- mice, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of vascular MAPK signaling pathway gene expression.

Effect analysis of improving the HIV positive detection rate by single sample nucleic acid amplification test in Shenzhen / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of improving the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)posi-tive detection rate by single sample nucleic acid amplification test (SS-NAT) in Shenzhen ,and to explore the effect of SS-NAT on reducing the risk of HIV infection in transfusion .Methods 269 228 blood samples were performed parallel detection by SS-NAT (Procleix Tigris ) and two kinds of enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay(ELISA)reagents ,and then the samples with nonreactive by ELISA and reactive by SS-NAT were tested by HIV identification assay .The blood donors with reactive HIV identification assay were made tracing tests . All the samples with reactive by ELISA or HIV identification assay were sent to the Shenzhen Center for Dis-ease Control and Prevention (CDC) for Western Blot (WB) diagnostic tests .Results The samples with reac-tive by the third generation ELISA reagents ,the fourth generation ELISA reagents ,both ELISA reagents and SS-NAT were 188 ,340 ,422 and 103 ,which reactive rate was 0 .698‰(188/269 228) ,1 .263‰(340/269 228) , 1 .567‰(422/269 228) and 0 .383‰(103/269 228) ,respectively .We found four samples with nonreactive by ELISA but reactive by SS-NAT .The four donors were found HIV reactive by both ELISA and SS-NAT after tracing .All the samples with reactive by ELISA or HIV identification assay were sent to CDC for confirmatory tests and 103 of them were positive .The positive detection rate of transfusion-transmissible HIV infection af-ter ELISA detection was 1∶67 307(4/269 228) .Conclusion The application of SS-NAT in blood screening can improve the HIV positive detection rate ,shorten window period of HIV detection and reduce residual risk of transfusion-transmissible HIV infection ,and then blood safety can be effectively improved .

Preparation of Magnetic Imprinted Polymer by Surface Grafting and Its Recognition Performance for Dibutyl Phthalate / 分析化学

The magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs), based on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles being modified by surface grafting, have been successfully synthesized, with dibutyl phthalate (DBP) as template molecule, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as cross-linking agent and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and elemental analysis were employed to characterize the MMIPs. The structure and magnetic properties of the MMIPs were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometer. The BET surface area shows that MMIPs is 380 m2/g and MNIPs is 324 m2/g. A series of static adsorption experiments were conducted to analyze its adsorption performance, which followed pseudo-second-order model by the kinetic analysis with correlation coefficient (R2) 0.9797, and Sips equation with correlation coefficient (R2) 0.999 by the isothermal analysis. The imprinting factors of diallyl phthalate (DAP), DBP and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) were 1.53, 2.21 and 1.39 respectively, showing that MMIPs had better recognition performance for DBP. The experiment of regeneration recycles with five times showed the regeneration ability of DBP was only reduced by 12.3％.

Expression of metallothionein 1H in children and adolescents osteosarcoma and effect on cell proliferation / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To detect the expression levels of metallothionein1 H(MT1 H)in children and adoles-cents osteosarcoma serums,and to analyze its relationship with clinicopathological features,and to explore the effect of MT1 H on cell proliferation of osteosarcoma cells and its mechanism.Methods Enzyme -linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA)was performed to detect the expression of MT1 H in children and adolescents osteosarcoma serums and non-neoplastic disease serums.MT1 H vector was transfected into the osteosarcoma U2OS cells.Reverse transcription -poly-merase chain reaction(RT -PCR)and Western blot were used to detect the expression of the mRNA and protein of MT1 H,respectively.Methylthiazolyldiphenyl -tetrazolium bromide(MTT)was used to detect the cell growth.Western blot was performed to detect the expression of nuclear factor(NF)-κB,and inhibitor of κB (IκB)-αprotein. Results The expressions of MT1 H in osteosarcoma serums and nonneoplastic disease serums was (0.51 ± 0.52)μg/L and (2.17 ±0.78)μg/L,respectively,with a significant difference between the 2 groups(t =-8.966, P <0.05).The expression of MT1 H in stage Ⅰ -ⅡA andⅡB -Ⅲ was (1 .98 ±0.69)μg/L and (2.45 ±0.82)μg/L,respectively,showing a gradual increase depending on clinical staging(t =-2.343,P <0.05).The expressions of MT1 H mRNA and protein were elevated in osteosarcoma U2OS cells after MT1 H vector transfection(all P <0.05). MTT assay showed that,the A value in blank control group,blank vector group,MT1 H vector group were 0.38 ±0.03, 0.36 ±0.03,0.42 ±0.03,respectively,the cell proliferation in the MT1 H vector group was significantly promoted when compared with these in the blank vector group and blank control group(F =4.213,P <0.05)from the third day.West-ern blot showed that,the relative expression of NF -κB in blank control group,blank vector group,MT1 H vector group were 0.56 ±0.05,0.53 ±0.05,0.92 ±0.07,respectively,the relative expression of IκB -αprotein were 0.64 ± 0.06,0.62 ±0.09,0.34 ±0.08,respectively,the expression of NF -κB protein was up -regulated and the expression of IκB -αprotein was down -regulated in the MT1 H vector group when compared with those in the blank vector group and blank control group(F =44.581 ,14.927,all P <0.05).Conclusions The expression of MT1 H is increased in children and adolescents osteosarcoma serums compared with that in nonneoplastic disease serums.The clinical stage is later,the expression of MT1 H is higher.MT1 H promotes cell proliferation through regulating the NF -κB pathway.

Seroprevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infections among Blood Donors in Nizamabad District of Telangana State – A six years study

Background: Blood transfusion is a life-saving therapeutic intervention and millions of lives are saved each year globally through this procedure. However, blood transfusions are associated with certain risks which can lead to adverse consequences. It may cause acute or delayed complications and carries the risk of the transmission of blood borne infectious agents. Materials and methods: This study was done in Government general hospital blood bank, Nizamabad district, Telangana state, India. Study duration was six years, from June 2010 to May 2016. Blood was collected from apparently healthy donors after following the questionnaire put forth by National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) through blood camps organized by voluntary organizations, voluntary and replacement donors in the government blood bank and motivated student bodies. Results: In our study, total screening positives were 532 out of the total 55291 units accounting to 0.96%. Among the positives, most of the positives belonged to Hepatitis B virus, HBsAg positives were 384 cases (0.69%), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) were 117 cases (0.20%), Venereal Ather Fatima, Farida Begum, Kandukuri Mahesh Kumar. Seroprevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infections among Blood Donors in Nizamabad District of Telangana State - A six years study. IAIM, 2016; 3(8): 73-78. Page 74 Disease Research Laboratory test (VDRL) positives were 22 cases (0.03%) and minimal positives were noted in Hepatitis C virus (HCV) those were 09 cases (0.01%). Conclusion: Transfusion of blood and blood products is an established mode of treatment in many conditions. However unnecessary transfusions and unsafe transfusion practices expose patients to the risk of serious adverse transfusion reactions and transfusion-transmitted infections. This risk can be minimized by encouraging voluntary non-remunerative donation and screening of blood for TTI before transfusion with better screening methods like Enzyme Linked Immuno-sorbent Assay (ELISA), Nucleic Acid Amplification technique (NAT).

Application of Serum VEGF-C, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 Expression Level in Monitoring Curative Effects and Prognosis of Acute Leukemia / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To observe expression level of serum vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C),VEGF-C receptor-2 and VEGF-C receptor-3 in patients with acute leukemia (AL) and to explore its clinical significance.Methods Enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the serum expression levels of VEGF-C,VEGFR-2,and VEGFR-3 of 51 patients diagnosed with acute leukemia,43 patients under medical treatment and 16 healthy blood donors.Results (1) Serum VEGF-C,VEGFR-2,and VEGFR-3 expression levels in AL patients were significantly higher than those in normal control group.(2) Serum VEGF-C and VEGFR-2 expression levels in complete remission (CR) group significantly declined after treatment.Serum VEGF-C and VEGFR-2 expression levels in non-complete remission (NR) group slightly declined after treatment but no significant difference was found (P＞0.05).(3) No significant difference was found in serum VEGFR-3 expression levels both in CR group and NR group after treatment (P＞0.05).(4) Serum VEGF-C,VEGFR-2,and VEGFR-3 expression levels in NR group were significantly higher than those in CR group before treatment (P＜0.08).Conclusions Observing serum expression level of VEGF-C,VEGFR-2,and VEGFR-3 of AL patients may be helpful in monitoring curative effects and prognosis of acute leukemia.

Therapeutic Effect of Ursolic Acid on Chronic Nonbacterial Prostatitis in Rats / 医药导报

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of ursolic acid on carrageenan-induced chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (CNP) of SD rats. Methods Forty-two SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:normal control group, model control group, Pushitai group, ursolic acid high-dose group, and low-dose group.Except for normal control group, chronic nonbacterial prostatitis model was established using carrageenan. The rats of Pushitai group were treated with the solution of Pushitai at the dose of 148 mg??kg-1??d-1 for twenty days.The rats of ursolic acid high-dose and low-dose groups were administered with ursolic acid at the doses of 100 and 50 mg??kg-1??d-1 for twenty days, respectively. The rats of normal and model control groups were treated with isometric 5% CMC-Na for twenty days.The prostate index (PI) was calculated from the ratio of isolated rat prostate weight and body weight of rat.The expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10 were detected by ELISA. The histology and morphology of the prostate was observed with the aid of hematoxylin-eosin staining. Results Compared with the model control group, PI and the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10 in serum were significantly decreased in ursolic acid high-dose,and low dose groups ( P<0. 05 ) . Moreover, the pathological changes of prostate were improved significantly. Conclusion Ursolic acid has certain therapy effects on chronic nonbacterial prostatitis, which may be related to its regulating the expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10.

Independent research and development of hepatitis B five internal quality control products by the detection of ELISA / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To use ELISA detecting self‐developed hepatitis B five internal quality control products .Methods Hepa‐titis B five positive sera by the detection of ELISA were diluted through optimal ratio ,and were homemade indoor quality control materials .Results Self‐control materials and commodities were simultaneously detected by ELISA ,and the test results were com‐pared ,the two were no significant difference(P>0 .05);Self‐control materials continuously detected by ELISA ,its batch variation were less than 15% ,and stability was in line with the requirements .Conclusion Self‐developed hepatitis B five indoor quality con‐trol materials are made simply ,have good stability ,are satisfied control effect ,and have promotional value .

Establishment of double antibody sandwich ELISA for pro-gastrin releasing peptide and its application / 医学研究生学报

Objective The value of pro-gastrin releasing peptide ( PGRP) which is the tumor marker of small cell lung canc-er has become a hot topic in recent years .The research was to build a new enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay ( ELISA) method ai-ming at detecting the concentration of PGRP in patients′serum. Methods We utilized synthetic PGRP epitopes for the screening of the monoclonal antibodies , labeled the screened monoclonal antibodies with horseradish peroxidase by modified sodium iodide method , and then established double antibody sandwich ELISA which could be used to detect the serum concentrations of PGRP in cancer pa -tients. Results We successfully screened E 12 mAb which could be served as the coating antibody and ED 1 mAb as the labeled anti-body.The standard antibody density range of new ELISA was 33 pg/mL~1.7 ×104 pg/mL.The comparison experiments between our method and the commercially available ELISA kit showed no significant difference ( P>0.05).The specificity of our method was 50%, and the sensitivity was 100%, while IBL kit was 92.2% and 100% respectively. Conclusion New ELISA can be used to detect the serum PGRP concentration in patients with small cell lung cancer .

Estudio comparativo de dos métodos para la determinación de autoanticuerpos en hepatitis autoinmune / Comparative study of two methods in the determination of autoantibodies in autoimmune liver diseases / Estudo comparativo de dois métodos para a determinação de anticorpos no hepatite auto-imune

La hepatitis autoinmune es una inflamación hepatocelular que se caracteriza por diversos autoanticuerpos circulantes. En el presente trabajo se evaluó la concordancia entre los resultados obtenidos por la técnica ELISA y por la técnica de inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFI) para la determinación de autoanticuerpos en hepatitis autoinmune. Se incluyeron 123 pacientes con hepatitis autoinmune, 91 (74%) del sexo femenino y 32 (26%) de sexomasculino, mayores de 18 años, en los cuales se realizó un estudio comparativo entre ELISA e inmunofluorescencia indirecta para la detección de los anticuerpos antinucleares (78 pacientes), anticuerpos antimitocondriales (84pacientes) y antimicrosoma hepatorrenal (85 pacientes). De acuerdo al valor kappa obtenido se encontró que para el anticuerpo antimicrosoma hepatorrenalel nivel de concordancia fue muy bueno (k=1,0, p<0,001); para el anticuerpoantinuclear el nivel de concordancia fue débil, sin embargo fue significativo(k=0,37, p<0,001) mientras que para el anticuerpo antimitocondrialel nivel de concordancia fue pobre (k=0,05, p<0,476). La determinación del anticuerpo antimicrosoma hepatorrenal fue la prueba con mayor sensibilidad, especificidad y concordancia entre ambas técnicas analizadas y se estableció que la técnica de ELISA para el anticuerpo antimitocondrial solo concuerda con la técnica de inmunofluorescencia indirecta en sujetos con títulos altos.

Autoimmune hepatitis is a hepatocellular inflammation which is characterized by different circulating autoantibodies. In this paper, the correlation between the results obtained by ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence technique for the determination of autoantibodies in autoimmune hepatitis was evaluated. One hundred and twenty-three patients with autoimmune hepatitis, 91 (74%) female and 32 (26%) male, over 18 years were included. In these patients, a comparative study between ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence detection of the antinuclear antibodies (78 patients), anti-mitochondrial antibodies (84 patients) and anti-liver kidney microsome (85 patients) was performed. According to the kappa value obtained, it was found that for anti-liver kidney microsome the level of agreement was very good (k=1.0, p<0.001) for antinuclear antibody, the level of concordance was weak but significant (k=0.37, p<0.001,) meanwhile antimitochondrial antibody level of concordance was poor (k=0.05, p<0.476).The determination of the antibody anti-liver kidney microsome was the test with greater sensitivity, specificity and concordance between the two techniques discussed and it was established that the ELISA technique for antimitochondrial antibody is only in concordance with the indirect immunofluorescence in patients with high titers.

A hepatite autoimune é uma inflamação hepatocelular, que se caracteriza pelos diferentes anticorpos circulantes. Neste trabalho foi avaliada a correlação entre os resultados obtidos através da técnica ELISA e da técnica de imunofluorescência indireta (IFI) para a determinação de auto-anticorpos na hepatite auto-imune. Foram incluídos 123 pacientes com hepatite autoimune, 91 (74%) do sexo feminino e 32 (26%) do sexo masculino, maiores de 18 anos, nos quais foi realizado um estudo comparativo entre ELISA e Imunofluoresência Indireta para a detecção dos anticorpos antinucleares (78 pacientes), anticorpos antimitocondriais (84 pacientes) e antimicrossomal hepatorrenal (85 pacientes). De acordo ao valor kappa obtido, foi encontrado que para o anticorpo antimicrossomal hepatorrenal o nivel de concordância foi muito bom (k=1,0, p<0,001); para o anticorpo antinuclear o nivel de concordância foi fraco, porém foi significativo (k=0,37, p<0,001) enquanto que para o anticorpo antimitocondrial o nivel de concordância foi pobre (k=0,05, p<0,476). A determinação do anticorpo antimicrossomal hepatorrenal foi o teste com maior sensibilidade, especificidade e concordância entre ambas técnicas analisadas e se estabeleceu que a técnica de ELISA, para o anticorpo antimitocondrial, só concorda com a técnica de Imunofluorescência Indireta em sujeitos com títulos altos.

Preparation of Monoclonal Antibody of Sodium Estrone Sulfate from Pregnant Mare's Urine / 医药导报

Objective To establish a method to prepare anti-sodium estrone sulfate monoclonal antibody ( ESS-Mab) . Methods Balb/c mice were immunized by ESS. Immune methods were screened. The blood serum potencies were measured by indirect ELISA and the best consistence of antigen and the first antibody were confirmed with method of titration. Cell fusion was carried by using PEG method and McAb hybridoma was screened with the indirect ELISA. Results The best immunization method of mice was subcutaneously multi-point injection in mouse back with the dose of 200/100 μg ESS antigen five times. The fusion rate was 90. 2%. Hybridoma positive rate of ELISA screening was 4. 4%. Finally two cell lines 2C8 and 8A7 with good specificity and sensitivity were obtained. Conclusion The best immunization way is selected and indirect ELISA is set up effectively and reliably for screening and presenting ESS McAb. the hybridoma technique is able to prepare monoclonal antibody of anti-ESS successfully.

Research progress of sorbent hemoperfusion blood compatibility / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Hemoperfusion is a kind of medical device which contacts directly with blood.In the application,fully considering the interaction between the blood and the sorbent material,so as to improve the blood compatibility is particularly important.With the development of medical science,chemistry and biomedical engineering,a variety of new materials of hemoperfusion have been studied and the blood compatibility of hemoperfusion sorbent has also been greatly improved,making the range of hemoperfusion clinical applications increasingly wide.This paper,combining related research results in recent years,reviews the research progress of the hemoperfusion adsorbent's blood compatibility in recent years.

Trace analysis of mefenamic acid in human serum and pharmaceutical wastewater samples after pre-concentration with Ni-Al layered double hydroxide nano-particles / 药物分析学报

In this work, the nickel-aluminum layered double hydroxide (Ni-Al LDH) with nitrate interlayer anion was synthesized and used as a solid phase extraction sorbent for the selective separation and pre-concentration of mefenamic acid prior to quantification by UV detection at λmax ? 286 nm. Extraction procedure is based on the adsorption of mefenamate anions on the Ni-Al(NO3? ) LDH and/or their exchange with LDH interlayer NO3? anions. The effects of several parameters such as cations and interlayer anions type in LDH structure, pH, sample flow rate, elution conditions, amount of nano-sorbent and co-existing ions on the extraction were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graph was linear within the range of 2-1000 mg/L with a correlation coefficient of 0.9995. The limit of detection and relative standard deviation were 0.6 mg/L and 0.84% (30 mg/L, n ? 6), respectively. The presented method was successfully applied to determine of mefenamic acid in human serum and pharmaceutical wastewater samples.

Studies on preconcentration and isolation process of bezafibrate onto different types of sorbents by the SPE.

The performed investigations are concerned on the estimation of extraction properties of copolymer styrenedivinylbenzene (SDB-1) adsorbent and four chemically bonded silica gel materials: octadecyl (C18), octyl (C8), phenyl (C6H5), cyclohexyl (C6H11) for the solid phase extraction of bezafibrate (hypolipidaemic compound) from the model solutions and river water samples. Extraction conditions such as solvent selection, their volumes and water samples pH were found to have significant influence on extraction efficiency of the studied compound. The effect of water matrix on extraction efficiency was checked too. It was found that the best extraction efficiency of bezafibrate from water sample was obtained using bonded silica-octadecyl gel sorbents and polymer material. The presence of drug in elutes was detected by spectrophotometric (measurement of absorbance at 230 nm) and HPLC-UV methods. Under optimal conditions, recoveries of the pharmaceutical were higher than 80 %. The precision of the novel extraction procedures, calculated as coefficient variation (CV %), ranged from 0.008 to 0.018 % for the all tested sorbents.

Determination of 54 Volatile Hydrocarbons by Thermal Desorption-Gas Chromatography in Workplace Air / 分析化学

A method was developed for the determination of 54 volatile hydrocarbons in workplace air by thermal desorption/gas chromatography-hydrogen flame ionization detector. The workplace air was adsorbed by Tenax-TA thermal desorption tubes, then desorbed by thermal desorption and detected by gas chromatography. The experimental results indicated that the coefficients efficiency of 1,1-dichloroethylene, dichloromethane, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, 2,2-dichloropropane, bromochloromethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1-dichloropropene were 0.9941-0.9986. The detection limits of bromochloromethane, dibromomethane, trichloromethane, bromodichloromethane, 2,2-dichloropropane, dibromochloromethane, bromoform were 5.4-10.3 ng, the minimum detectable concentration was 0.01-0.1 mg/m~3 (the air volume=0.5 L). The coefficients efficiency of other 38 volatile hydrocarbons was above 0.999, the minimum detectable concentration were 0.001-0.01 mg/m~3. The detection limits of alkenes were 0.4-2.7 ng, alkanes 1.4-3.7 ng, aromatic hydrocarbons 0.2-1.0 ng and naphthalene 2.2 ng. The desorption efficiencies of 54 volatile hydrocarbons were 92.1%-113.1% and the relative standard deviations(RSDs) were 0.6%-17.4%. Except for the RSD values of cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethylene, 2,2-dichloropropane, trichloromethane, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, dichloromethane, bromochloromethane were 5.1%-17.4%, those of other volatile hydrocarbons were below 5%;The experimental results indicated that the breakthrough capacities of 9 volatile hydrocarbons were 400-4000 ng, those of the other volatile hydrocarbons were above 10 μg. Except for the loss rates of 2,2-dichloropropane, bromodichloromethane were 10%-15% in stable experiment, those of other volatile hydrocarbons in Tenax desorption tubes were below 5%, which indicated that 54 volatile hydrocarbons stored in Tenax tubes were stable. The method is a quick and accurate for the detection of volatile hydrocarbons in workplace air.

Detecção de sífilis por ensaios de ELISA e VDRL em doadores de sangue do Hemonúcleo de Guarapuava, Estado do Paraná / Syphilis detection using ELISA and VDRL tests on blood donors at the blood center of Guarapuava, State of Paraná

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a soroprevalência de sífilis em 5.752 doadores de sangue atendidos no Hemonúcleo de Guarapuava-PR, em 2006. As taxas de positividade foram de 2,1 por cento pelo teste de ensaio imunoenzimático e 0,2 por cento pelo Veneral Disease Research Laboratory, mostrando baixa prevalência de sífilis nos indivíduos que procuraram este banco de sangue.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the syphilis seroprevalence among 5,752 blood donors who were attended at the blood center of Guarapuava, State of Paraná, in 2006. The seropositivity rates were 2.1 percent for enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay and 0.2 percent for Veneral Disease Research Laboratory, thus showing low prevalence of syphilis among the individuals who came to this blood bank.