ABSTRACT
@#Abstract: Objective To analyze the spatial-temporal characteristics of the active pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and the pathogenic positive PTB in Fuling District of Chongqing during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, so as to explore the clustering areas, and provide scientific basis for the precise prevention and control of tuberculosis in Fuling District. Methods The PTB registration data of 27 townships in Fuling District from 2016 to 2020 were collected. The descriptive analysis were used to describe the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of patients, SaTScan9.0 and ArcGis10.6 was used for spatial-temporal scanning analysis and local auto-correlation analysis. The results were visualized by ArcGis10.6. Results A total of 4 038 case of active PTB patients were registered and a downward trend was observed in PTB during the 13th Five-Year Plan period in Fuling District. The average annual registration rate of PTB was 70.17/100 000, and the annual PTB registration rate declined by 8.21%. The peak of active PTB and etiological positive PTB were mainly concentrated in March and June respectively. The top five streets of cumulative active PTB patients registered were Lizhi street, Dunren street, Chongyi street, Ma 'an street and Jiangdong street, accounting for 60.18% of the total registered PTB patients during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. The top three average annual registration rates were Dunren street (101.35/100 000), Chongyi street (101.34/100 000) and Wulingshan Township (99.21/100 000). The registered PTB from 2016 to 2020 showed a global auto-correlation (Moran's I=0.64, P<0.0001). The "high-high" area of active PTB and the etiological positive PTB all covered Lizhi street, Jiangdong street and Longqiao street. By scanning analysis of spatial-temporal, the primary cluster of active PTB concentrated in the main urban area south of the Yangtze River in Fuling during January 2016 to December 2017, and the primary cluster of pathogenic positive PTB concentrated in the main urban area south of the Yangtze River in Fuling and Jiangdong street during January 2019 to December 2020. Conclusions During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, there was the spatial-temporal clustering of PTB in Fuling District, which mainly gathered in the main urban area south of the Yangtze River in Fuling district and surrounding streets centered on Lizhi street.
ABSTRACT
Objective The aim is to analyze the spatial epidemiological characteristics for human infection with avian influenza H7N9 in Fujian Province, so as to provide scientific evidence for developing and adjusting related control strategies. Methods The epidemiological data of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza in Fujian Province, from 2013 to 2017 was analyzed by SAS 9.2, ArcGIS 10.3 and SaTScan 9.4 software.Results There were a total of 108 cases and 28 deaths reported in Fujian Province, up to December 31, 2017. The case fatality rate was 25.93%.96.30% of cases were sporadic. There were more incidences in winters and springs, more incidences in rural areas. The global spatial autocorrelation and high/low clustering analysis indicated that clusters at the county level were in the shore areas (Z=3.74, P<0.001; Z=5.26, P<0.001). The cities of Changle, Fuqing, Jinjiang and Siming were the high-high clustered areas and local hot-points. There were two clusters, from December 2014 to March 2015, the most likely cluster regions was centered around Zhangpu County with a radius of 63.04 km (RR=4.72, LLR=11.41, P<0.001). The secondary cluster regions was centered around Fuqing City with a radius of 81.98 km (RR=4.07, LLR=7.96, P=0.037). Conclusions Human infection with avian influenza H7N9 in Fujian Province is spatially and temporally clustered. The measures of prevention and control should be focused on high incidence seasons and key regions, and the surveillance of etiology should be strengthened.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the spatial-temporal distribution and epidemic characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Hebei province from 2005 to 2016.@*Methods@#Records of HFRS cases reported from each county in Hebei during January 2005 to December 2016 were collected from National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS). Global and local spatial association statistics were used to measure the spatial autocorrelation and software GeoDa 1.2.0. Software SaTScan 9.4.1 was used to analyze spatiotemporal clusters. Software ArcGIS 10.2 was used to visualize the yearly scan results.@*Results@#In Hebei province, a total of 8 437 human HFRS cases reported from 170 counties with an annual incidence rate of 0.99/100 000 population during 2005-2016. The peak incidence season was spring. Global spatial autocorrelation analysis on the incidence of HFRS at county-level showed that the value of Moran’s I were all above 0 (P<0.05), indicating that the significant spatial cluster. The result of local indicators on spatial association (LISA) analysis revealed that identified hot spots were mainly in northeastern area, while cold spots were found in some counties of central and southern areas. Spatial-temporal scan detected that the primary cluster of HFRS incidence was mainly distributed in Qinhuangdao city and Tangshan city, including 11 counties (city/district): Beidaihe district, Haigang district, Funing district, Shanhaiguan district, Changli county, Lulong county and Qinglong Manchu autonomous county in Qinhuangdao city, and Qian’an city, Laoting county, Luanzhou city and Luannan county in Tangshan city (RR=39.64, P<0.001), during January-July in 2005.@*Conclusions@#There were significant spatial-temporal cluster of HFRS in Hebei from 2005 to 2016. The cluster areas of HFRS were mainly in northeastern Hebei, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control programs of HFRS in these areas.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatial distribution of human brucellosis in Fujian province during 2011-2016,and provide evidence for the prevention and control of the disease.Methods The surveillance data of human brucellosis in Fujian during 2011-2016 was analyzed with software R 3.3.1,ArcGIS 10.3.1,GeoDa 1.8.8 and SaTScan 9.4.3.Results During 2011-2016,a total of 319 human brucellosis cases were reported,the incidence increased year by year (F=11.838,P=0.026) with the annual incidence of 0.14/100 000.The male to female rate ratio of the incidence was 2.50 ∶ 1.Farmers and herdsmen accounted for 57.37％.The incidence was 0.40/100 000 in Zhangzhou and 0.32/100 000 in Nanping,which were higher than other areas.The number of affected counties (district) increased from 12 in 2011 to 28 in 2016,showing a significant increase (F=13.447,P=0.021).The Moran' s I of brucellosis in Fujian between January 2011 and December 2016 was 0.045,indicating the presence of a high value or low value clustering areas.Local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that,high-high clustering area (hot spots) were distributed in Zhangpu,Longhai,Longwen,etc,while high-low clustering areas were distributed in Nan' an and Jiaocheng,etc.Temporal scanning showed that there were three clustering areas in areas with high incidence,the most possible clustering,occurring during January 1,2013-December 31,2015,covered 6 counties,including Yunxiao,Pinghe,Longhai,etc,and Zhangpu was the center,(RR =7.96,LLR=92.62,P＜0.001).Conclusions The epidemic of human brucellosis in Fujian is becoming serious,and has spread to general population and non-epidemic areas.It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of human brucellosis in areas at high risk.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatial distribution of human brucellosis in Fujian province during 2011-2016,and provide evidence for the prevention and control of the disease.Methods The surveillance data of human brucellosis in Fujian during 2011-2016 was analyzed with software R 3.3.1,ArcGIS 10.3.1,GeoDa 1.8.8 and SaTScan 9.4.3.Results During 2011-2016,a total of 319 human brucellosis cases were reported,the incidence increased year by year (F=11.838,P=0.026) with the annual incidence of 0.14/100 000.The male to female rate ratio of the incidence was 2.50 ∶ 1.Farmers and herdsmen accounted for 57.37％.The incidence was 0.40/100 000 in Zhangzhou and 0.32/100 000 in Nanping,which were higher than other areas.The number of affected counties (district) increased from 12 in 2011 to 28 in 2016,showing a significant increase (F=13.447,P=0.021).The Moran' s I of brucellosis in Fujian between January 2011 and December 2016 was 0.045,indicating the presence of a high value or low value clustering areas.Local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that,high-high clustering area (hot spots) were distributed in Zhangpu,Longhai,Longwen,etc,while high-low clustering areas were distributed in Nan' an and Jiaocheng,etc.Temporal scanning showed that there were three clustering areas in areas with high incidence,the most possible clustering,occurring during January 1,2013-December 31,2015,covered 6 counties,including Yunxiao,Pinghe,Longhai,etc,and Zhangpu was the center,(RR =7.96,LLR=92.62,P＜0.001).Conclusions The epidemic of human brucellosis in Fujian is becoming serious,and has spread to general population and non-epidemic areas.It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of human brucellosis in areas at high risk.