ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the characteristics regarding temporal,spatial and spatiotemporal distribution on severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in Henan province.Methods Surveillance data related to SFTS was collected in Henan province,from year 2014 to 2016.Descriptive method was used to analyze the distribution of SFTS.1.7.0 software related to the Public health geographic information system (PHGIS),was applied to draw the spatial distribution map of SFTS.Chi-square test was used to compare the different incidence rates.Results A total of 2 781 SFTS cases,including 34 deaths,were reported in Henan province from 2014 to 2016,with an average annual fatality rate as 1.22％.There were statistically significant differences for the incidence rates of SFTS between different years (P＜0.01).Cases were mainly concentrated from April to October,which accounted for 96.66％ of the total number,with the incidence peak seen in May.Incidence rates of SFTS in spring,summer,autumn were higher than that in winter.The cases were scattering around in 26 counties of 8 cities.Xinyang city reported 2 714 cases,accounting for 97.59％ of the total number of cases in the province.The average annual incidence rate in Xinyang city was 17.22 per 100 000,much higher than that for the whole Henan province (0.98 per 100 000),with statistically significant difference (P＜0.01).Six counties reported having death cases,that accounted for 23.08％ of the total number of counties,reported to have death cases.Two kinds of incidence patterns of SFTS were noticed in Henan province,with aggregation in some local regions or sporadic in individual counties.The number of counties with reporting cases increased annually.The epidemic area was expanding and gradually spreading from south to north areas of the province.Conclusions SFTS was characterized with both temporal and spatial clusters in Henan province.Effective prevention and control measures should be made in accordance with the spatiotemporal distribution and the trend on SFTS.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the characteristics regarding temporal,spatial and spatiotemporal distribution on severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in Henan province.Methods Surveillance data related to SFTS was collected in Henan province,from year 2014 to 2016.Descriptive method was used to analyze the distribution of SFTS.1.7.0 software related to the Public health geographic information system (PHGIS),was applied to draw the spatial distribution map of SFTS.Chi-square test was used to compare the different incidence rates.Results A total of 2 781 SFTS cases,including 34 deaths,were reported in Henan province from 2014 to 2016,with an average annual fatality rate as 1.22％.There were statistically significant differences for the incidence rates of SFTS between different years (P＜0.01).Cases were mainly concentrated from April to October,which accounted for 96.66％ of the total number,with the incidence peak seen in May.Incidence rates of SFTS in spring,summer,autumn were higher than that in winter.The cases were scattering around in 26 counties of 8 cities.Xinyang city reported 2 714 cases,accounting for 97.59％ of the total number of cases in the province.The average annual incidence rate in Xinyang city was 17.22 per 100 000,much higher than that for the whole Henan province (0.98 per 100 000),with statistically significant difference (P＜0.01).Six counties reported having death cases,that accounted for 23.08％ of the total number of counties,reported to have death cases.Two kinds of incidence patterns of SFTS were noticed in Henan province,with aggregation in some local regions or sporadic in individual counties.The number of counties with reporting cases increased annually.The epidemic area was expanding and gradually spreading from south to north areas of the province.Conclusions SFTS was characterized with both temporal and spatial clusters in Henan province.Effective prevention and control measures should be made in accordance with the spatiotemporal distribution and the trend on SFTS.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the spatiotemporal expansion and risk factors of scrub typhus (ST) in Shandong,Jiangsu and Anhui provinces.Methods Based on the reported cases in Shandong and Jiangsu from 2006 to 2013,and Anhui from 2008 to 2013 epidemiological characteristics of ST and associated environmental factors were analyzed,using the panel negative binomial regression model.Results A total of 2 968,2 331 and 3 447 ST cases were respectively reported in Shandong,Jiangsu and Anhui during 2006-2013,with the average annual incidence rates as 0.39,0.38 and 0.94 per 100 000 population.Uptrend in Shandong and Jiangsu,but a slight rollback seen in Anhui were observed.Expansion of natural foci was found in the 3 provinces,with affected counties accounted for 38.0％,48.2％ and 46.5％ in Shandong,Jiangsu and Anhui,respectively in 2013.Cases were clustered in autumn but with a peak of single epidemic appeared in October or November,in all the 3 provinces.More female and elderly patients were seen,than in the other age groups,in all the 3 provinces.Majority of the cases were farmers,with an increasing trend in incidence,in all these provinces,followed by housekeepers in Shandong and preschool children in Anhui.The risk factors of transmission in all the 3 provinces were negatively associated with the monthly precipitation,and showing an "inverted-U" pattern in association with monthly temperature.A positive relationship between the risk of transmission and monthly relative humidity was found in Shandong and Jiangsu provinces.However,an "inverted-U" pattern between the risk of transmission and the monthly sunshine hour,appeared in Shandong and Anhui provinces.The incidence of Scrub typhus in Shandong was also positively related to the coverage of forest.Conclusion Surveillance programs and health education measures should focus on the warm and moist areas in all the 3 provinces,and also on forestry areas in Shandong.Health education and prevention on mite-bite should be targeted,especially on high-risk populations as the elderly and farmers,in the 3 provinces.Housekeepers in Shandong and children in Anhui should also be under special concern.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the spatiotemporal expansion and risk factors of scrub typhus (ST) in Shandong,Jiangsu and Anhui provinces.Methods Based on the reported cases in Shandong and Jiangsu from 2006 to 2013,and Anhui from 2008 to 2013 epidemiological characteristics of ST and associated environmental factors were analyzed,using the panel negative binomial regression model.Results A total of 2 968,2 331 and 3 447 ST cases were respectively reported in Shandong,Jiangsu and Anhui during 2006-2013,with the average annual incidence rates as 0.39,0.38 and 0.94 per 100 000 population.Uptrend in Shandong and Jiangsu,but a slight rollback seen in Anhui were observed.Expansion of natural foci was found in the 3 provinces,with affected counties accounted for 38.0％,48.2％ and 46.5％ in Shandong,Jiangsu and Anhui,respectively in 2013.Cases were clustered in autumn but with a peak of single epidemic appeared in October or November,in all the 3 provinces.More female and elderly patients were seen,than in the other age groups,in all the 3 provinces.Majority of the cases were farmers,with an increasing trend in incidence,in all these provinces,followed by housekeepers in Shandong and preschool children in Anhui.The risk factors of transmission in all the 3 provinces were negatively associated with the monthly precipitation,and showing an "inverted-U" pattern in association with monthly temperature.A positive relationship between the risk of transmission and monthly relative humidity was found in Shandong and Jiangsu provinces.However,an "inverted-U" pattern between the risk of transmission and the monthly sunshine hour,appeared in Shandong and Anhui provinces.The incidence of Scrub typhus in Shandong was also positively related to the coverage of forest.Conclusion Surveillance programs and health education measures should focus on the warm and moist areas in all the 3 provinces,and also on forestry areas in Shandong.Health education and prevention on mite-bite should be targeted,especially on high-risk populations as the elderly and farmers,in the 3 provinces.Housekeepers in Shandong and children in Anhui should also be under special concern.