Building an inclusive education-oriented, ICF-based and multi-faceted education placement service for children with special needs: policy, theoretical framework and methodology / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo explore the policy framework, theoretical system and principles of educational placement for children with special needs based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) for the multi-faceted educational placement services and methods for these children. MethodsBased on ICF theory and methods, public policy research techniques, and educational policy analysis, this study systematically investigated the policy architecture and theoretical underpinnings for the educational placement of children with special needs, focusing on an inclusive education-oriented system of multiple placements. ResultsThe study analyzed educational policies, emphasizing the rights to education under the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) and UNESCO's guidelines on ensuring inclusivity and equity in education which encourage the provision of individualized educational support services and reasonable accommodations to enable the effective participation of students with disablities in education. China, the European Union (EU) and the United States (US) have enacted laws and policies promoting inclusive education, integrating children with disablities into the general education system, and providing them with the same educational opportunities as other children. The development of special education focuses on tailored educational services for those children who need additional support and resources. Policies underscore the need to evaluate the specific needs of children with disablities and provide individualized educational plan based on these needs. ConclusionBased on core content from the CRPD, UNESCO's guidelines, and relevant policies from China, the EU, and the US regarding the education and educational placement services for children with special needs, the theoretical framework and principles of educational placement for children with special needs based on ICF are discussed, proposing contents and methods for constructing a multi-faceted educational placement service system for children with special needs.

Fenotipos clínicos en el diagnóstico sicopedagógico de las necesidades educativas especiales

El desarrollo científico tecnológico caracterizado, entre otros por los avances en el campo de las ciencias biomédicas, trascienden a la educación, especialmente se denotan los nexos entre la genética médica y la educación especial. En la provincia de Camagüey se desarrolla una investigación entre los servicios de Genética y el Centro de Diagnóstico y Orientación de la educación especial. A partir del análisis de la interrelación entre ambas ciencias se proyectan en la práctica de la atención de educandos con necesidades educativas especiales enfoques multi, inter y transdisciplinarios con el fin de contribuir al perfeccionamiento del diagnóstico sicopedagógico. El estudio se desarrolla con la colaboración de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla.

Scientific and technological development, characterized among cons by advances in the field of biomedical sciences, transcend education, especially the links between medical genetics and special education. In the province of Camagüey, research is being carried out between the Genetics services and the Diagnosis and Guidance Center for special education. Based on the analysis of the interrelation between both sciences, multi, inter and transdisciplinary approaches are projected into the practice of caring for students with special educational needs, in order to contribute to the improvement of psychopedagogical diagnosis. The study is developed with the collaboration of the Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla.

Dental care for patients with special needs at a private higher education institute / Atendimento odontológico a pacientes com necessidades especiais em uma instituição privada de ensino superior

Objetivo: Pacientes com necessidades especiais são aqueles indivíduos que necessitam de cuidados especiais por tempo indeterminado ou por toda a vida. O presente estudo tem como objetivo abordar o atendimento odontológico de pacientes com necessidades especiais em uma instituição privada de ensino superior da cidade de São Paulo. Material e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, para análise de 210 prontuários odontológicos de pacientes com necessidades especiais atendidos no Departamento de Odontologia para Pacientes Especiais da Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul entre 2012 e 2018. Dados sobre sexo, idade, diagnóstico da condição debilitante, motivo da consulta, uso continuado de medicamentos, imagens radiográficas e tratamentos odontológicos prestados foram todos coletados e posteriormente submetidos à análise estatística descritiva e inferencial (teste do qui-quadrado) ao nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Quanto aos tipos de procedimentos odontológicos avaliados no presente estudo, dos 210 pacientes, 24% necessitaram de tratamentos curativos dentários em que a terapia periodontal foi o tipo mais prevalente, enquanto os tratamentos endodônticos tiveram a menor prevalência, representando apenas 4%. Houve alta prevalência de doenças crônicas sistêmicas, acometendo 56% dos casos, cuja faixa etária era superior a 40 anos. Conclusão: Check-ups odontológicos regulares devem ser priorizados em pacientes com necessidades especiais para evitar intervenções mais invasivas como em nosso grupo (AU)

Objective: Patients with special needs are those individuals who need special care for an undetermined period of time or for lifetime. The present study is aimed to address the dental care of special needs patients at a private higher education institute in the city of São Paulo. Material and Methods: A descriptive, retrospective study was performed for analysis of 210 dental records of special needs patients who were treated at the Dental Department for Special Patients of the Cruzeiro do Sul University between 2012 and 2018. Data on gender, age, diagnosis of the debilitating condition, reason of the consultation, continued use of medications, radiographic images and dental treatments provided were all collected before being submitted to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis (chi-square test) at a significance level of 5%. Results: As for the types of dental procedures assessed in the present study, of the 210 patients, 24% needed dental curative treatments in which periodontal therapy was the most prevalent type, whereas endodontic treatments had the lowest prevalence, representing 4% only. There was a high prevalence of chronic systemic diseases, affecting 56% of the dental records, whose age group was above 40 years old. Conclusion: Regular dental check-ups should be prioritized in patients with special needs to avoid more invasive interventions as found in our group (AU)

Aplicabilidad de juegos a niños con necesidades de salud especiales / Applicability of Games to Children with Special Health Care Needs

Introducción: Niños con necesidades de salud especiales pueden ser vistos con frecuencia con poco potencial para participar en juegos y jugar con su familia y cuidadores profesionales. Sin embargo, el desafío radica en saber qué actividades lúdicas son apropiadas para este grupo de niños. Objetivo: Seleccionar evidencia sobre juegos con potencial de aplicación a niños con necesidades especiales de salud en entornos hospitalarios y domiciliarios. Métodos: Revisión integrativa de la literatura cuya búsqueda se realizó en diciembre de 2020 en las fuentes de información en salud de MEDLINE vía PubMED; LILACS a través de las bases de datos BVS y PsycoInfo; Scopus y SciELO. Conclusión: Jugar es un derecho y una necesidad de los niños, independientemente del tipo de limitación que presenten, y ellos pueden sumarse a juegos que no desencadenen complicaciones en su salud(AU)

Introduction: Children with special health care needs may often be seen as having little potential to engage in play and play with their family and professional caregivers. However, the challenge lies in knowing which play activities are appropriate for this group of children. Objective: To select evidence on play with potential application to children with special health care needs in hospital and home settings. Methods: Integrative review of the literature searched in December 2020 in the health information sources MEDLINE via PubMED; LILACS through the BVS and PsycoInfo databases; Scopus and SciELO. Conclusion: Playing is a right and a need for children, regardless of the type of limitation they present, and they can join in games that do not trigger complications in their health(AU)

Relación docente-estudiante y compromiso escolar: percepción de estudiantes secundarios con necesidades educativas especiales / Teacher-student relationship and student engagement: perceptions of secondary students with special educational needs / Relação professor-aluno e compromisso escolar: percepção de jovens com necessidades educacionais especiais

Resumen (analítico) Investigaciones previas sostienen que la relación docente-estudiante es un factor relevante para el compromiso escolar y rendimiento académico. Sin embargo, su impacto ha sido poco explorado en estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales. Este estudio examina la influencia de la relación docente-estudiante en el compromiso escolar según la percepción de estudiantes de primer año medio con necesidades educativas especiales de una Región de Chile. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo, de tipo fenomenológico y de alcance descriptivo-analítico. Se desarrollaron diez entrevistas en profundidad a estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales, las que se analizaron mediante el método de comparación constante de la teoría fundamentada. Los resultados revelan el rol clave de los/as docentes en el compromiso escolar a través de la satisfacción de las necesidades de vinculación y competencia de sus estudiantes, pero no de su autonomía.

Abstract (analytical) The results of existing research studies show that the teacher-student relationship is a relevant factor that affects academic engagement and school performance. However, there is limited evidence of its impact on students with special educational needs. This study examines the influence of the teacher-student relationship on school engagement based on the perceptions of students with special educational needs in their first year of high school education in Chile. The study used a qualitative, phenomenological, and descriptive-analytical design. A total of ten indepth interviews were conducted with students with special educational needs. The data was analysed using the methodological guidelines of grounded theory. The results highlight the key role of teachers in academic engagement by satisfying students' psychological needs in the areas of connection and competence, but not satisfying students' need for autonomy.

Resumo (analítico) Pesquisas anteriores afirmam que a relação professor-aluno é um fator relevante para o engajamento e desempenho acadêmico. No entanto, seu impacto tem sido pouco explorado em alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais. Este estudo examina a influência da relação professor-aluno no compromisso escolar segundo a percepção dos alunos com alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais do primeiro ano do ensino médio, da Chile. O desenho foi qualitativo, fenomenológico, descritivo-analítico em escopo. Foram realizadas 10 entrevistas em profundidade com alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais. Os dados foram analisados segundo as diretrizes metodológicas da teoria fundamentada nos dados. Os resultados apontam para o papel fundamental do professor no comprometimento escolar, por meio da satisfação das necessidades de vinculação e competência de seus alunos, mas não de sua autonomia.

Características de crianças com altas habilidades/ superdotação: uma revisão sistemática1 / Characteristics of gifted chiidren: a systematic review

RESUMO: Este estudo de revisão sistemática teve como objetivo identificar as características de crianças com altas habilidades/superdotação. Os critérios de inclusão foram: artigos científicos sobre pesquisas empíricas, publicados no período de 2010 a 2019, com participantes com altas habilidades/superdotação, menores de 12 anos, e a avaliação de altas habilidades/superdotação deveria ter, pelo menos, um teste de inteligência associado a outros instrumentos. Os critérios de exclusão foram: nenhum grupo composto apenas por crianças com altas habilidades/superdotação, não apresentar resultados exclusivos às crianças com altas habilidades/superdotação ou o grupo de crianças com altas habilidades/superdotação ter participantes com dupla excepcionalidade, deficiência física ou sensorial. A busca dos artigos foi feita nas bases Scopus e Web of Science em janeiro de 2020 e SciELO.org em abril de 2020. Foram analisados 29 artigos, agrupados em cinco categorias. Os resultados são apresentados em síntese narrativa e confirmam o caráter heterogêneo das altas habilidades/superdotação. A maioria dos artigos explorou características da cognição e dos processos de identificação e avaliação das crianças. Dentre as principais limitações, estão a obtenção de artigos com autores repetidos e a obtenção incompleta dos artigos potencialmente relevantes. Esta pesquisa contribui para a visibilidade sobre as características de crianças com superdotação, com um enfoque geral e amplo.

ABSTRACT: This systematic review study aimed to identify the characteristics of gifted children. Inclusion criteria were: scientific articles on empirical research published in the period from 2010 to 2019, whose participants were gifted children under 12 years old, and the evaluation of giftedness should have, at least, one intelligence test associated with other instruments. The exclusion criteria were: no group consisting of only gifted children, no exclusive results presented to gifted children, or the group of gifted children have participants with double exceptionality, physical or sensory disabilities. The search for articles was made in Scopus and Web of Science databases in January 2020 and SciELO.org in April 2020. Twenty-nine articles were analyzed, grouped into five categories. The results are presented in narrative synthesis, and confirm the heterogeneous feature of giftedness. Most articles explored characteristics of children's cognition and identification and assessment processes. Among the main limitations are the obtaining of articles with repeated authors and incomplete obtaining of potentially relevant articles. This research contributes to the visibility of the characteristics of gifted children, with a general and broad focus.

Derecho a la educación para personas con necesidades especiales en hispanoamérica en el contexto del neoliberalismo / Right to Education for people with special needs in Latin Americain the context of Neoliberalism

Este trabajo intenta una aproximación crítica al desarrollo histórico del Derecho a la Educación inclusiva y no discriminatoria para personas con necesidades especiales en Hispanoamérica. Para ello se realiza una revisión de los antecedentes e hitos más relevantes en España, Cuba, Argentina y Venezuela, contrastándolos con su correlato empírico. Esto permite visibilizar, en el marco del establecimiento del neoliberalismo como modelo de desarrollo hegemónico, inconsistencias entre el desarrollo legislativo y su concreción en la vida de las personas con necesidades educativas especiales en términos del ejercicio de la Educación como un Derecho; poniendo en discusión los lineamientos de política de organismos internacionales en la materia.

This work attempts a critical approach to the historical development of the Right to Inclusive and non-discriminatory Education for people with special needs in Latin America. For this, a review of the most relevant antecedents and milestones in Spain, Cuba, Argentina and Venezuela is carried out, contrasting them with their empirical correlate. This makes it possible to make visible, within the framework of the establishment of neoliberalism as a model of hegemonic development, inconsistencies between legislative development and its realization in the lives of people with special educational needs in terms of the exercise of Education as a Right; putting into discussion the policy guidelines of international organizations on the matter.

Habilidades Sociales y Aprendizaje Cooperativo el la Inclusión de Estudiantes con Necesidades Educativas Específicas / Social Skills and Cooperative Learning in the Inclusion of Students with Specific Educational Needs

RESUMEN Este estudio analiza cómo al trabajar con la metodología del aprendizaje cooperativo en el aula, los alumnos con necesidades educativas especiales pueden mejorar en sus habilidades sociales obteniendo mejores aprendizajes. Se realiza en el contexto del programa de formación docente universitaria del Experto en Aprendizaje Cooperativo online de la Universidad de Alcalá, en España. La metodología utilizada es de corte cualitativo en base a un diseño de estudio de casos desarrollado durante 6 años (2011 al 2017). Los participantes fueron 176 profesores de centros educativos españoles que cumplían los requisitos. Las acciones realizadas implicaron a un total de 3.964 estudiantes, de los cuales, 406 presentaban algún tipo de necesidad específica. Los resultados reflejan la influencia en las habilidades sociales de los alumnos con necesidades al trabajar con la metodología del aprendizaje cooperativo. Se concluye que para la mejora de las habilidades sociales del alumnado con necesidades es necesario que el docente potencie acciones que promuevan las habilidades sociales de estos alumnos a través del aprendizaje cooperativo y de las propuestas diversificadas, planificadas y ajustadas a sus necesidades concretas, dándoles la oportunidad de trabajar de forma conjunta con sus compañeros.

ABSTRACT This study analyzes how students with special educational needs can improve their social skills through better learning when working with the cooperative learning methodology in the classroom. The research was carried out as part of the Online Cooperative Learning Expert training program at the University of Alcalá, in Spain. The methodology used was qualitative based on a case study design developed over 6 years (2011 to 2017). The participants were 176 teachers from Spanish educational centers who met the requirements. The actions carried out involved a total of 3,964 students, of which 406 had some type of specific need. The results reflect the influence on the social skills of the students with needs when working with the cooperative learning methodology. It is concluded that for the improvement of the social skills of students with needs, it is necessary for the teacher to make use of actions that promote the social skills of these students through cooperative learning and diversified proposals, planned and adjusted to their specific needs, giving them the opportunity to work together with their peers.

Adolescentes com necessidades especiais de saúde: desafios da inclusão escolar no discurso de familiares/cuidadores / Adolescents with special health care needs: challenges of school inclusion according to family members/caregivers' viewpoint / Adolescentes con necesidades especiales de salud: desafíos de la inclusión escolar en el discurso de la familia/cuidadores

Objetivo: conhecer os desafios da inclusão escolar de adolescentes com necessidades especiais de saúde a partir do discurso dos familiares/cuidadores. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, realizada no ambulatório pediátrico de especialidades, que atende adolescentes com necessidades especiais de saúde. Realizou-se a análise de prontuários, entrevista semiestruturada com 35 familiares/cuidadores de adolescentes. As entrevistas foram submetidas a dupla transcrição e à análise de discurso Pecheutiana. Resultados: os familiares/cuidadores trouxeram em seus discursos os desafios enfrentados para a integração e inclusão escolar, os profissionais e as pessoas que contribuem no processo de inserção social do adolescente, as habilidades e potencialidades da CRIANES. Conclusão: a educação inclusiva deve ser articulada de forma interdisciplinar, engajada por todas as esferas de gestão, política, trabalho, famílias e usuários. A inclusão deve ser debatida pela enfermagem, em busca da promoção da saúde e de espaço social para o adolescente

Objective: The study's main purpose has been to understand the challenges of school inclusion of adolescents with special health care needs according to family members/caregivers' viewpoint. Methods: It is a qualitative research that was performed at an ambulatory pediatric specialty care, which assists adolescents with special health care needs. There were carried out analysis of medical records and semi-structured interviews with 35 family members/caregivers of adolescents. The interviews were subjected to double transcription and the Michel Pêcheux's Discourse Analysis. Results: Family members/caregivers brought in their speeches the challenges faced for school integration and inclusion, professionals and people who contribute to the adolescent's social insertion process, as well as the skills and potential of Children and Youth with Special Health Care Needs (CYSHCN). Conclusion: Inclusive education must be articulated in an interdisciplinary manner, engaged by all spheres of management, politics, work, families and its users. Inclusion should be discussed by nursing while looking forward to implementing health promotion and social space for the adolescent community

Objetivo: Conocer los desafíos de la inclusión escolar de adolescentes con necesidades especiales de salud desde el discurso de los familiares/ cuidadores. Método: investigación cualitativa, realizada en la clínica de especialidad pediátrica, que asiste a adolescentes con necesidades especiales de salud. Se realizó el análisis de los registros médicos, una entrevista semiestructurada con 35 familiares/cuidadores de adolescentes. Las entrevistas fueron sometidas a doble transcripción y análisis del discurso pechetiano. Resultados: los familiares/cuidadores presentaron en sus discursos los desafíos que enfrenta la integración e inclusión escolar, los profesionales y las personas que contribuyen al proceso de inserción social del adolescente, las habilidades y el potencial de CRIANES. Conclusión: la educación inclusiva debe articularse de manera interdisciplinaria, involucrada por todas las esferas de la gestión, la política, el trabajo, las familias y los usuarios. La inclusión debe ser discutida por la enfermería, en busca de la promoción de la salud y el espacio social para el adolescente

Interdisciplinariedad e inclusión escolar de niños con discapacidad desde los relatos maternos / Interdisciplinarity and school inclusion of disabled children from maternal stories

RESUMEN Fundamento: La mirada inclusiva sobre las escuelas debe ser de cambios y amplitud para establecer en el sistema educacional la comprensión del ser humano, considerando sus historias, concepciones, percepciones, creencias, experiencias y trayectorias personales de forma interdisciplinar, especialmente de los niños con deficiencia. Objetivo: Analizar las experiencias de los niños con deficiencias, vivenciadas en una escuela de un municipio brasileño, a partir de los relatos maternos. Metodología: Estudio transversal, exploratorio con abordaje cualitativo. Se aplicó una encuesta a 20 madres de niños con deficiencias que estaban en seguimiento en un Centro de Salud, ubicado en una ciudad del estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Fue adoptado el referencial teórico-metodológico de la perspectiva hermenéutica dialéctica, buscando comprender la realidad situada en su contexto, atada a la confrontación y análisis crítico de las categorías empíricas. Resultados: Emergieron puntos problemáticos relativos a la inclusión escolar, inequidades de los derechos, escasez de profesionales de educación y de salud capacitados para el cuidado de los niños con deficiencias, así como las inadecuaciones arquitectónicas, selección y adaptación de mobiliarios para los niños. Conclusiones: La inclusión escolar se presenta como un reto multidimensional, una vez que aún son necesarias condiciones estructurales y contextuales adecuadas en correspondencia con un enfoque de desarrollo sostenible, de modo que la educación inclusiva en las escuelas se efectúe de manera concreta y real, ultrapasando el idealismo referido en las propuestas de políticas públicas.

ABSTRACT: The inclusive view on schools must be of changes and breadth to establish in the educational system the understanding of the human being, considering their histories, conceptions, perceptions, beliefs, experiences and personal trajectories in an interdisciplinary way, especially from disabled children. Objective: To analyze the experiences of disabled children, experienced in a school from a Brazilian municipality, based on the maternal stories. Methodology: Cross-sectional, exploratory study with qualitative approach. A survey was applied to 20 mothers of disabled children being followed up in a health center, located in a city in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The theoretical-methodological reference of the dialectical hermeneutical perspective was adopted, seeking to understand the reality located in its context, tied to the confrontation and critical analysis of the empirical categories. Results: Problematic points emerged regarding school inclusion, rights inequities, scarcity of education and health professionals trained for the care of disabled children, as well as architectural inadequacies, selection and adaptation of furniture for children. Conclusions: School inclusion is presented as a multidimensional challenge, since adequate structural and contextual conditions are still necessary in correspondence with a sustainable development approach, so that inclusive education in schools is carried out in a concrete and real way, exceeding the idealism referred to in public policy proposals.

Enfermedades bucales en pacientes especiales menores de 15 años. Sancti Spíritus. 2016 / Oral diseases presented in special needs patients younger than 15 years. Sancti Spiritus. 2016

RESUMEN Fundamento: Las enfermedades bucales son frecuentes en los pacientes especiales y las enfermedades sistémicas que presentan dificultan la atención en la consulta de estomatología. Objetivo: Describir el estado de salud bucal de un grupo de pacientes especiales menores de 15 años de Sancti Spíritus. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal en el período comprendido de septiembre de 2016 a febrero de 2017. El universo estuvo conformado por 64 pacientes especiales y la muestra por 55 pacientes menores de 15 años atendidos en la consulta del Hospital Pediátrico Provincial de Sancti Spíritus. Resultados: Las edades predominantes fueron de 6 a 10 años y el sexo masculino, la caries dental fue la enfermedad bucal que más se encontró en los pacientes, seguido de la enfermedad periodontal. Los factores que más incidieron fueron la deficiente higiene bucal y la dieta cariogénica. Conclusiones: Las afecciones estomatológicas más frecuentes fueron la caries dental y la enfermedad periodontal y los factores que más incidieron fueron la deficiente higiene bucal y la dieta cariogénica.

ABSTRACT Background: Oral diseases are common in special needs patients and the systemic diseases they present make difficult the assistance to the stomatology office. Objective: To describe the oral health status from a group of special needs patients younger than 15 years in Sancti Spiritus. Methodology: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out from September 2016 to February 2017. The universe consisted of 64 special needs patients and the sample by 55 patients younger than 15 years of age assisted in the consulting of the Sancti Spíritus Provincial Pediatric Hospital Results: The predominant ages were from 6 to 10 years and the male sex, dental caries was the most common oral disease in patients, followed by periodontal disease. The most influenced factors were poor oral hygiene and the cariogenic diet. Conclusions: The most frequent stomatology conditions were dental caries and periodontal disease and the most influenced factors were poor oral hygiene and cariogenic diet.

Trends in research on the organization of an inclusive education environment

The access to education for children and young people with special needs is an indicator of the humanization of society, a sign that this society can care for one of its most vulnerable groups. This paper reviews the principles and trends in studying the issues of organising an inclusive education environment. Particular emphasis is placed on the scientific novelty of the research, research methods and goals, the main purpose of which is to create a comfortable educational environment and find a solution to the problems of inclusive space. Further, the authors provide a detailed analysis of the project content in the conditions of Kazakhstan. They develop an experimental model of a spatial solution for an inclusive education environment. The results of this study contribute to the architectural and compositional improvement of educational buildings, increasing their comfort. The paper analyzes the role of the virtual environment in the development of experimental projects. It contains a diagram of the project time frame, a sample schedule and a description of the research group composition.

Prevalencia de enfermedades de pacientes especiales de la Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia / Prevalence of the special patients diseases in the Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia

Objetivo: Definir la prevalencia de diagnósticos médicos de los pacientes con necesidades especiales en el Servicio de Estomatología de Pacientes Especiales (EPE) de la Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Material y métodos: La población (N=1234) fue conformada por el número de historias clínicas de pacientes que acudieron al servicio de Estomatología en Pacientes Especiales (EPE) de la Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia dentro de los años 2015 y 2016, la información se trasladó, a una base de datos en el programa Excel 2007 para posteriormente ser procesadas y analizadas por el software STATA 12. Resultados: El global de pacientes fue de 1234 de manera que las mujeres fueron 727(59%) y hombres 507(41%); la prevalencia de pacientes con un diagnóstico médico fue de 66%, sucesivo de dos diagnósticos médicos con un 29%. Los diagnósticos médicos absolutos fueron de 1718. Las enfermedades del sistema cardiovascular fueron los diagnósticos médicos más frecuentes encontrados con un 26,8%, seguido de las enfermedades endocrinas, nutricionales y metabólicas con un 16,4%. Conclusiones: Las enfermedades del sistema cardiovascular fueron los diagnósticos médicos más prevalentes en los pacientes con necesidades especiales con un 26,8%.

Objectives: To describe the prevalence of medical diagnoses of the patients with special needs in the service of Stomatology in Special Patients (EPE) of the Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Material and Methods: The population (N = 1234) was constituted by the clinical histories of patients who went to the service of Stomatology in Special Patients (EPE) of the Faculty of Stomatology - UPCH since 2015 and till 2016, the information was transported to a database in Excel 2007 to be processed and analyzed later by the STATA 12 software. Results: The total number of patients was 1234; of this 727 (59%) were women and 507 (41%) men. The prevalence of patients with only one number of medical diagnoses was 66%, the next was the two medical diagnoses with a 29%. The total medical diagnoses were 1718. The cardiovascular system disease were the most frequency medical diagnoses with 26.8%, the second most frequency was the endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases with 16.4%.Conclusions: The cardiovascular system disease were the most prevalent medical diagnoses in patients with special needs with 26.8%.

Percepción de los estudiantes de odontologia de la ufrgs sobre la disciplina de pacientes con necesidades especiales / Perception of ufrgs dentistry students of the area of dental care for patients with special needs

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar la percepción de los estudiantes de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Federal de Rio Grande do Sul (FO-UFRGS), que cursaron la disciplina electiva de Atención Odontológica para Pacientes con Necesidades Especiales (PNE), en relación a dicho curso. Se realizó un estudio longitudinal, observacional y analítico, en el cual se aplicó un cuestionario con 20 preguntas abiertas y cerradas a 64 estudiantes de 9º y 10º semestre que habían cursado la disciplina antes mencionada. El 98,4% (n=63) de los alumnos se sintió conmovido y obtuvo una lección de vida con los pacientes; el 86% (n=55) se identificó con la atención odontológica a PNE; el 67,2% (n=43) no mostró interés en especializarse en el área; sin embargo, el 76,6% (n=49) manifestó estar preparado para realizar atención a PNE; el 98,4% (n=63) recomendaría esta disciplina a sus compañeros; el 100% (n=64) consideró que el aprendizaje obtenido fue importante para su formación académica como cirujano dentista y que esta disciplina debería ser obligatoria en la malla curricular. Para los estudiantes encuestados, la disciplina de Atención Odontológica para PNE es importante para su formación y debe ser considerada obligatoria; les ha permitido conocer una nueva realidad y desmitificar sus miedos y preconceptos; además, los ha tornado profesionales más capacitados y con mayor empatía para atender dicha población.

The aim of this research was to evaluate the perception of the students of the School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (FO-UFRGS) who took the elective subject of Dental Care for Patients with Special Needs (PSN) in relation to said course. A longitudinal, observational and analytical study was carried out, in which a questionnaire with 20 open and closed questions was applied to 64 students of 9th and 10th semester who had taken this subject. A total of 98.4% (n = 63) of the students felt moved and learnt a life lesson with the patients; 86% (n = 55) identified with dental care for PSN; 67.2% (n = 43) showed no interest in specializing in the area; however, 76.6% (n = 49) said they were prepared to work with PSN; 98.4% (n = 63) would recommend this area to their peers; 100% (n = 64) considered that what they learned was important for their academic training as dental surgeons and that this discipline should be obligatory in the course curriculum. The students surveyed believe this area is important for their training and should be considered obligatory; it has allowed them to see a new reality and demystify their fears and preconceptions. In addition, it has made them more qualified professionals with greater empathy to serve this population.

Perfil, sentimentos e qualidade de vida dos cuidadores de pacientes com deficiência atendidos na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul: cuidadores de pacientes com deficiência com a palavra / Profile, feelings and quality of life of caregivers of patients with disabilities attended at the Dentistry College of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul: caregivers of patients with disabilities with the word

Objetivo: avaliar a qualidade de vida de cuidadores de pacientes atendidos na clínica da disciplina eletiva de Pacientes com Necessidades Especiais (PNE) da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (FO-Ufrgs). Metodologia: Foi um estudo longitudinal, observacional e analítico, aplicado por dois examinadores calibrados para 97 cuidadores que compareceram na clínica da disciplina de PNE da FO- -Ufrgs. Resultados: 51,54% tinham idade entre 40 e 59 anos; 89,7% eram do sexo feminino sendo que 75,3% eram as mães dos PNEs; 59,8 % eram donas de casa, e 73,2% viviam com uma renda mensal de 1 a 3 salários mínimos; 58,76% achavam que ter qualidade de vida é "ser saudável" e, 67% sentiram que, por causa do tempo cuidando do PNE não tiveram tempo para si próprio, 52,6 % não se sentiram estressados para cuidar do PNE e suas outras responsabilidades com a família, 66 % não sentiram que sua saúde foi afetada, 72,2% não sentiram que a sua vida social teria sido prejudicada e, 70,1% sentiram que não tem dinheiro suficiente para cuidar do PNE somando-se as suas outras despesas 88,6% afirmaram que não gostariam de simplesmente deixar que outra pessoa cuidasse do PNE e, 54,6% responderam que deixaram de fazer algumas coisas por causa do PNE. Conclusão: Há uma necessidade de atenção não somente para os PNEs, mas, também, para os seus cuidadores que necessitam de uma abordagem multidisciplinar tendo uma rede de apoio àquele que cuida, visando a uma melhora de sua qualidade de vida.(AU)

Objective: to assess the quality of life of caregivers of patients treated at the Special Needs Patients (SNP) elective course clinic of the School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (FO-UFRGS). Methodology: Longitudinal, observational, and analytical study applied by two calibrated examiners to 97 caregivers who attended the FO-UFRGS SNP clinic. Results: A rate of 51.54% were between 40 and 59 years old, 89.7% were women, and 75.3% were the mothers of SNP. A rate of 59.8% were housewives and 73.2% lived on a monthly income of 1 to 3 minimum wages. A rate of 58.76% believed that quality of life is "being healthy" and 67% felt the time spent taking care of the SNP did not leave any for themselves. A rate of 52.6% were not stressed to take care of their SNP and other family responsibilities and 66% did not feel their health was affected. A rate of 72.2% did not feel their social life would have been impaired and 70.1% felt like not having enough money to take care of the SNP when adding other expenses. A rate of 88.6% said they would not want to let someone else take care of the SNP and 54.6% said they stopped doing some things because of the SNP. Conclusion: There is a need for attention not only for SNP, but also for their caregivers, who need a multidisciplinary approach with a support network to improve their quality of life.(AU)

Effect Of Cyclic Meditation On Caregivers Stress Among Families Of Children With Developmental Disabilities

Background‚and Objectives: The study explored the effect of Cyclic meditation in reduction of stress levels and enhancement of coping skills of parents of children with developmental disabilities. The research was a single group pre-post study, with convenient sampling, with a sample size of 40, all parents, primary caregivers of the children. This study used both objective and subjective measures to analyse stress and related coping skills. Methods and Materials: 40 Parents, in the age group of 30-45 years, who gave informed written consent participated in the intervention, completed the study. All participants were parents and the primary caregivers of special needs children. The variables GSR - Galvanic Skin Response, Perceived Stress and Coping in relation to Caregiving, and Social Support, were assessed using GSR sensor, CHIP and KCSS questionnaires before and after Cyclic Meditation (CM). All the participants underwent CM practices for 3 days a week for 40 minutes a day, for 8 weeks with a 2 month follow up. The parameters were repeated after 8 weeks. Results: A paired-samples t-test was conducted to compare the pre - post data, in both the objective and subjective measures, used in the study. There was a significant difference in the GSR scores for Pre-CM and Post-CM conditions; and this was significant with p = .001. The CHIP and KCSS scores did not show a statistical significance between the pre - post data. Conclusion: The study did not show a significant difference in the pre-post data of the subjective measures but there is a difference which the study failed to detect, because the study was too small, and it lacked power. However, in the objective measure of GSR to measure the stress levels, the mean GSR is significantly lower than the baseline data (p<0.05), showing that Cyclic Meditation has produced a highly significant reduction in stress levels in the participants.

Tradução de conhecimento e narrativas de famílias nos cuidados à criança após reversão de colostomia: produção de história em quadrinhos / Knowledge translation and families narrative on care for child after surgery of colostomy reversion: production of a comic

Introdução: A produção de um almanaque, na ótica da tradução do conhecimento, sobre o cuidado à criança após a reversão de colostomia é o objeto de estudo dessa pesquisa. Objetivo: a) selecionar narrativas sobre ações cuidativas implementadas por familiares de crianças em reversão de colostomia; b) articular essas ações com as tendências do conhecimento científico relacionadas às demandas de cuidados à criança; c) produzir a história em quadrinhos, no encontro com especialistas. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo desenvolvido em três etapas: seleção de narrativas de famílias (banco de dados, de pesquisa de campo e rede social); revisão integrativa de conteúdos científicos; aplicação da metodologia de tradução de conhecimento. O corpus textual foi organizado no software Iramuteq 0.7 Alfa2. As narrativas dos familiares foram fonte de inspiração para elaboração do roteiro, personagens e cenários. Na segunda etapa, houve a seleção de conteúdos científicos que representaram necessidades de aprendizagem. A revisão integrativa da literatura abordou conteúdos selecionados pelos familiares na etapa anterior. Na terceira etapa procedeu-se a produção da história mediada pela metodologia da tradução do conhecimento. Na quarta etapa ocorreu avaliação da história por especialistas, por consulta individual. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo CEP/EEAN-UFRJ, número: 1.287.814. Os 27 textos organizados no software deram origem a cinco classes de palavras aproveitamento de 81,06%. A revisão integrativa identificou seis estudos observacionais. As narrativas dos familiares que abordaram a alimentação, o hábito intestinal, a constipação e o direito da criança. Na história em quadrinhos, articularam-se os temas das narrativas à síntese do conhecimento sobre constipação e os conteúdos são apresentados na forma de diálogos, "Você sabia?", "Curiosidades" e "Dicas de Cuidados". Conclui-se que o ciclo da criação da tradução do conhecimento permitiu articular as melhores evidências sobre a criança com os saberes de famílias na produção de uma História em Quadrinhos.

The production of an almanac, from the point of view of the translation of knowledge, about the care of children after colostomy reversal is the object of this research. Aim: a) to select narratives implemented by family members of children in colostomy reversal; b) to articulate these actions with tendencies of scientific knowledge related to demands of care to children; c) to produce a comic in the meeting with specialists. Methods: Qualitative study developed in three steps: selection of families' narratives (field research and social network data bank); integrative review of scientific knowledge; application of knowledge translation methodology. Textual corpus was organized in the Iramuteq 0.7 Alfa2 software. Family member's narratives was inspirational source to elaborate a script, characters and scenery. In the second step, there was the selection of scientific knowledge that represented learning needs. Literature integrative review approached selected knowledge by family members in the previous step. In the third step we proceeded to produce the story mediated by the knowledge translation methodology. In the fourth step there was the story evaluation by specialists, through individual consultation. Research was approved by CEP/EEAN-UFRJ, number: 1.287.814. The 27 texts organized in the software have originated five word classes exploitation of 81,06%. Integrative review identified observational studies. Family members' narratives approached feeding, intestinal habits, constipation and child's rights. In the comic, we articulated narrative themes to knowledge synthesis about constipation and knowledge are presented in the dialogue form, "Did you know?", "Curiosities" e "Care tips". We conclude that creation cycle of knowledge translation enabled to articulate better evidences on children with family knowledge on producing the Comic.

La producción de una historieta, en la óptica de la producción del conocimiento, sobre el cuidado a los niños después de la colostomía es el objeto de estudio en esta investigación. a) seleccionar narrativas sobre acciones de cuidado implementadas por los familiares de niños después de la corrección de la colostomía; b) articular estas acciones con las tendencias de conocimiento científico acerca de las demandas de cuidados a los niños; c) producir una historieta, en el encuentro con los especialistas. Estudio cualitativo desarrollado en tres etapas: selección de narrativas de familias (datos anteriores, investigación del campo y en rede social); revisión integrativa de los contenidos científicos; aplicación de la metodología de la traducción del conocimiento. El corpus textual fue organizado por el software Iramuteq 0.7 Alpha2. Las narrativas de los familiares fueron fuentes de inspiración para el guión, personajes y escenarios. En la segunda etapa, hubo la selección de los contenidos científicos que representaran a las necesidades de aprendizaje. La revisión integrativa abordó los contenidos seleccionados por los familiares en la etapa anterior. En la tercera etapa se hizo la producción de la historieta con el apoyo de la metodología de la traducción del conocimiento. En la cuarta etapa ocurrió evaluación de la historieta por los especialistas, por consulta individual. La investigación fue aprobada en el CEP/EEAN-UFRJ, numero: 1.287.814. Los 27 textos organizados en le software dieran origen a cinco clases de palabras con aprovechamiento de 81,06%. La revisión integrativa identificó seis estudios observacionales. Las narrativas de los familiares abordaran la alimentación, el hábito intestinal, la constipación e el derecho del niño. En la historieta articularon se los temas de las narrativas a la síntesis del conocimiento sobre constipación y los contenidos son presentados en diálogos, "Usted lo sabia", "Curiosidad" y "Consejos de cuidados". Concluí-se que el ciclo de creación del conocimiento permitió articular las mejores evidencias sobre los niños con los saberes de familias en la producción de una historieta.

Protocolo de Atención Ortodóncica en Pacientes con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) / Orthodontic Care Protocol for Patients with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

RESUMEN: Actualmente se observa un aumento en el número de personas con necesidades especiales en atención en salud, dentro de ellos, aquellos pacientes diagnosticados con trastorno del espectro autista, quienes presentan altos requerimientos de tratamiento ortodóncico a causa de maloclusiones. A pesar de que padres y/o cuidadores se encuentran motivados a mejorar su calidad de vida mediante el mejoramiento de la estética dento-facial y la función oral, también son pacientes que no son tratados en clínicas convencionales dado alguna dificultad en el comportamiento que presenten en una atención odontólogica. Por la enorme dificultad que se puede encontrar en la atención clínica, el presente trabajo indica un protocolo de atención ortodóncica en pacientes con trastorno del espectro autista, útil para realizar una completa ayuda de cada paciente que permita un adecuado diagnóstico, plan de tratamiento y pronóstico en la especialidad de ortodoncia.

ABSTRACT: There is currently an increase in the number of people with special oral health care needs, including those patients diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder who often require orthodontic treatment due to malocclusions. Although parents and / or caregivers are motivated to improve their quality of life by improving dento-facial aesthetics and oral function, these are also patients who do not receive treatment in conventional clinics due to behavioral problems they may present during dental care. In light of the difficulties that can be encountered during clinical dental care, the present study presents a protocol of orthodontic care in patients with autism spectrum disorder. The protocol is useful in that it allows an adequate diagnosis, treatment plan and prognosis in the orthodontic specialty required by each patient.

As Produções Científicas sobre as Instituições Especiais Privadas (2000-2014) / The Scientific Productions on Private Special Needs Schools (2000-2014)

RESUMO: com o objetivo de investigar o posicionamento da área de Educação Especial no que diz respeito às instituições especiais privadas, apresenta-se um balanço das produções científicas de três fontes de referência da área, quais sejam: Revista Brasileira de Educação Especial, Revista Educação Especial (UFSM) e os anais do GT15 - Educação Especial da ANPED. De um total de 975 trabalhos produzidos entre 2000 e 2014, apenas 24 se debruçaram sobre as Instituições Especiais Privadas e, dentre esses, apenas dois problematizaram a constituição dessas instituições como espaço segregado. O baixo número de artigos preocupados em analisar criticamente essa esfera, que é ocupada por um vasto número de pessoas com deficiência, pode indicar um possível esvaziamento teórico da área e a constituição de sua produção científica como mantenedora e reprodutora de uma cultura hegemônica.

ABSTRACT: aiming to investigate the position of the Special Education area in what concerns private special needs schools, this article presents a mapping of the scientific productions of three important sources in the area: Revista Brasileira de Educação Especial, Revista Educação Especial (UFSM), and the articles published by GT15 - Educação Especial of the ANPED. Out of the 975 articles produced between 2000 and 2014 only 24 focused on private special needs schools. Among these, only two pointed out the problems of the constitution of these schools as segregated spaces. The small number of articles concerned in critically analyzing this sphere, which is the reality of a large number of people with disabilities, may indicate a possible lack of theoretical background to support the studies in the area and the consolidation of its scientific productions as supporter and reproducer of a hegemonic culture.

Experience from the U.S.military and civilian integration management of drugs for military special needs / 军事医学

Drugs for military special needs are important strategic materials for supporting military operational needs and maintaining national security,and are highly valued by Armed Forces in each country in the world.The U.S.military has accumulated much experience through the long-term management of drugs for military special needs.Here,The U.S.military and civilian integration management of drugs for military special needs between the U.S.DOD and FDA was analyzed in terms of research,purchase,use and storage,the secrets of success were summarized,and problems were identified.Finally,recommendations on military and civilian integration management of drugs for military special needs in China were proposed.