ABSTRACT
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between proteins in the seminal plasma of tambaqui Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818) with seminal quality indicators after thawing. The semen was cryopreserved with a dilution based on BTS with 8% DMSO. A 200 µL sample of semen from each animal was diluted in 800 µL BTS, centrifuged at 800 rpm, and the supernatant was cryopreserved to further analyze of the protein profile of seminal plasma through one-dimensional electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). After 15 days of cryopreservation, a cryopreserved semen straw was thawed to analyze both qualitative and quantitative parameters. When considering all collections, the SDS-PAGE identified 15 protein bands in the seminal plasma of tambaqui. When the interaction (presence or absence) between proteins observed in the seminal plasma and the post thawed spermatic parameters was evaluated, we observed a great influence of the presence of proteins on spermatic quality. A greater (P<0.05) fertilization rate was observed with the presence of proteins 12, 34, 44, 85, and 90 kDa. Proteins in seminal plasma of tambaqui influenced the spermatic quality after thawing, and thus, they can be utilized as an indicator of sperm quality, especially the proteins with a molecular weight ≤ 50 kDa.
Resumo O objetivo desse estudo foi de avaliar a associação entre a presença de proteínas no plasma seminal do tambaqui Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818) com indicadores de qualidade seminal pós-descongelamento. O semen foi criopreservado com diluidor a base de BTS com 8% DMSO. Uma amostra de 200 µL de semen de cada animal foi diluída em 800 µL de BTS, e centrifugada em 800 rpm, e somente o sobrenadante foi criopreservado para posterior análise do perfil proteico do plasma seminal, através da eletroforese unidimensional (SDS-PAGE). Decorridos 15 dias da criopreservação, uma palheta com semen criopreservado foi descongelado para análise dos parâmetros quali-quantitativos. Considerando todas as coletas, o SDS-PAGE identificou 15 bandas proteicas no plasma seminal do tambaqui. Quando se avaliou a interação (presença ou ausência) das proteínas encontradas no plasma seminal, com os parâmetros espermáticos pós-descongelamento, observou-se grande influência da presença das proteínas na qualidade espermática. Observou-se maior taxa de fertilização (P<0,05) com a presença das proteínas 12, 34, 44, 85 e 90 kDa. As proteínas do plasma seminal de tambaqui influenciaram na qualidade espermática após descongelamento, podendo ser utilizadas como indicadores para a qualidade espermática após descongelamento, principalmente as proteínas com peso molecular ≤50 kDa.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Semen , Semen Preservation/veterinary , Sperm Motility , Spermatozoa , Proteins , CryopreservationABSTRACT
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between proteins in the seminal plasma of tambaqui Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818) with seminal quality indicators after thawing. The semen was cryopreserved with a dilution based on BTS with 8% DMSO. A 200 µL sample of semen from each animal was diluted in 800 µL BTS, centrifuged at 800 rpm, and the supernatant was cryopreserved to further analyze of the protein profile of seminal plasma through one-dimensional electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). After 15 days of cryopreservation, a cryopreserved semen straw was thawed to analyze both qualitative and quantitative parameters. When considering all collections, the SDS-PAGE identified 15 protein bands in the seminal plasma of tambaqui. When the interaction (presence or absence) between proteins observed in the seminal plasma and the post thawed spermatic parameters was evaluated, we observed a great influence of the presence of proteins on spermatic quality. A greater (P 0.05) fertilization rate was observed with the presence of proteins 12, 34, 44, 85, and 90 kDa. Proteins in seminal plasma of tambaqui influenced the spermatic quality after thawing, and thus, they can be utilized as an indicator of sperm quality, especially the proteins with a molecular weight 50 kDa.
Resumo O objetivo desse estudo foi de avaliar a associação entre a presença de proteínas no plasma seminal do tambaqui Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818) com indicadores de qualidade seminal pós-descongelamento. O semen foi criopreservado com diluidor a base de BTS com 8% DMSO. Uma amostra de 200 µL de semen de cada animal foi diluída em 800 µL de BTS, e centrifugada em 800 rpm, e somente o sobrenadante foi criopreservado para posterior análise do perfil proteico do plasma seminal, através da eletroforese unidimensional (SDS-PAGE). Decorridos 15 dias da criopreservação, uma palheta com semen criopreservado foi descongelado para análise dos parâmetros quali-quantitativos. Considerando todas as coletas, o SDS-PAGE identificou 15 bandas proteicas no plasma seminal do tambaqui. Quando se avaliou a interação (presença ou ausência) das proteínas encontradas no plasma seminal, com os parâmetros espermáticos pós-descongelamento, observou-se grande influência da presença das proteínas na qualidade espermática. Observou-se maior taxa de fertilização (P 0,05) com a presença das proteínas 12, 34, 44, 85 e 90 kDa. As proteínas do plasma seminal de tambaqui influenciaram na qualidade espermática após descongelamento, podendo ser utilizadas como indicadores para a qualidade espermática após descongelamento, principalmente as proteínas com peso molecular 50 kDa.
ABSTRACT
Background: In Ayurveda and traditional medicines of different countries such as Iran, America and Brazil, asafoetida has been used as an aphrodisiac agent. Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of asafoetida on spermatic and testicular parameters in treated rats. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 male Wistar rats divided equally to five groups (one control and four test groups receiving 25, 50,100 and 200 mg/kg asafoetida respectively). After 6 weeks, a small part of the cauda epididymis of each rat was dissected, and the spermatic parameters were evaluated for at least 200 spermatozoa of each animal. Testis of all rats was harvested for pathologic examination. The testosterone concentration of serum was also determined. Data were statistically assessed by one‑way ANOVA and value of P < 0.05 was considered as the level of significance. Results: This study indicated that the asafoetida significantly increased the number and viability of sperms (P < 0.05). Histological study showed that spermatogenesis process and numbers of Leydig cells were increased with increasing the dose, but the Leydig cells become vacuolated. Johnsen score in experimental groups was increased compared to control although this difference was not significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Asafoetida showed a positive effect on spermatic parameters although the histopathological effects on the testis were observed, particularly at high doses.
ABSTRACT
Antecedentes: La literatura científica ha definido los espermicidas como agentes químicos que pueden inmovilizar y algunas veces matar los espermatozoides en la vagina, sin embargo estos términos se usan de forma arbitraria y no hay un consenso que defina si la palabra espermicida debe referirse exclusivamente a una sustancia que causa la muerte espermática o a sustancias que sólo causan la inmovilización espermática y no necesariamente la muerte. Objetivo: Especificar la definición más adecuada para las sustancias que ejercen un efecto sobre la movilidad o la viabilidad espermática. Método: Revisión de la literatura en distintas bases de datos utilizando los criterios de búsqueda "espermicida" y "espermiostático", con sus equivalentes en inglés. Se seleccionaron algunos reportes en inglés y en español de los últimos 31 años, se evaluó si hacen referencia a la inhibición de la movilidad o de la viabilidad de los espermatozoides. Resultado: Se encontró que algunos reportes refieren la muerte de los espermatozoides mientras que otros sólo a su inmovilización. Conclusión: Se propone que para lograr definir si algún compuesto, extracto o sustancia con efecto sobre los espermatozoides es un agente espermiostático o espermicida es necesario que se realicen evaluaciones tanto del efecto sobre la movilidad como de la viabilidad espermática...
Background: The literature has defined spermicides as chemical agents that immobilize and occasionally kill sperm cells in the vagina, however these terms are used arbitrarily and there is no consensus that defines whether the word spermicide must refer exclusively to a substance that kills sperm or substances that only cause sperm immobilization and not necessarily the cell death. Aim: To specify the most appropriate definition for substances those have an effect on sperm motility or viability. Method: We conducted a review of the literature in different databases using the search criteria "spermicide" and "espermiostátic". We selected some reports in English and Spanish for the last 31 years, and then we evaluated if they refer to the inhibition of the mobility or sperm viability. Results: We found that some reports relate the death of sperm cells while others only affect the sperm motility. Conclusion: We propose that in order to determine whether a compound or substance extract is a spermicidal or spermiostatic agent, is necessary to conduct tests of the effect on both motility and sperm viability...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Spermatozoa , Spermatozoa/physiology , Spermatocidal Agents/pharmacology , Sperm Motility , Semen Analysis , Cell SurvivalABSTRACT
La crioconservación de semen de peces, como de otras especies, presenta aún efectos que disminuyen la calidad espermática y comprometen directamente la capacidad de la célula para participar exitosamente en los procesos de fertilización y desarrollo embrionario. Características como movilidad y capacidad de fertilización del espermatozoide son consideradas criterios de calidad que permiten medir el éxito o fracaso del proceso, pues se consideran variables integradoras, siendo indicadores que dependen no de un solo factor sino de la estabilidad y bienestar del conjunto de estructuras, enzimas y compuestos funcionales subcelulares que dan lugar a estas características espermáticas. Daños en la membrana (adenilato ciclasa, canales iónicos, agrupamiento de otras proteínas, entre otras) y su implicación en la ruta de señalización que da lugar a la activación espermática, degradación del ATP, fragmentación del ADN nuclear y mitocondrial (genoma), degradación de enzimas Kinasas y otras proteínas citosólicas (proteoma) son considerados hoy día como algunos de los factores moleculares que más se afectan durante la crioconservación y que disminuyen ostensiblemente la capacidad fertilizante y la movilidad del espermatozoide en los peces. Propuestas sobre los mecanismos moleculares por los cuales se interrelacionan y actúan estos factores subcelulares como consecuencia de la crioconservación, son algunos de los temas tratados en la presente revisión. Comprender los principios y factores que están involucrados en el origen de dichos daños, permitirá mejorar los procesos de crioconservación, haciéndolos menos nocivos y más eficientes.
The cryopreservation of semen in fish, as in many species even shows effects that decrease sperm quality and directly engage cell ability to successfully participate in the processes of fertilization and embryonic development. The characteristics such as mobility and fertilizing capacity of fertilization of sperm are considered to be quality criteria that allow to measure the success or failure of the process, since they are considered integrative variables, being indicators that depend not on a single factor, but on the stability and welfare of all structures, enzymes and subcellular functional compounds that give place to these spermatic characteristics. Membrane damage (adenylate cyclase, ion channels, grouping of other proteins, among others) and their implication in the route of signaling pathway leading to spermatic activation, ATP degradation and fragmentation of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (genome), degradation of kinase enzymes and other cytosolic proteins (proteome) are considered today, as some of the molecular factors that most affect during cryopreservation and markedly decreasing the fertilizing capacity and mobility of sperm in fish. Proposals on the molecular mechanisms, by which these subcellular factors interact and act as consequence of cryopreservation are some of the topics covered in this review. Understanding the principles and factors that are involved in the origin of such damages, will allow to improved cryopreservation processes, making them less harmful and more efficient.