ABSTRACT
Abstracts: Background & Objective: Age determination from degree of closure of sphenooccipital suture (Synchondrosis). Methodology: This study was conducted during the period of January 2012 to August 2013 at Department of Forensic Medicine, P.D.U. Govt. Medical College & Hospital, Rajkot. 100 cases of age between 8 to 26 years have been taken to cover minimum period of starting the fusion and maximum period of completion of fusion for age determination from sphenooccipital suture. Results: For male, minimum age for open, semi closed and closed sphenooccipital suture was 8 years, 13 years and 18 years respectively while for female, it was 8 years, 13 years and 16 years respectively. For male, maximum age for open, semi open and closed sphenooccipital suture was 13 years, 18 years and 26 years respectively while for female, it was 13 years, 16 years and 26 years respectively. Conclusion: Commencement of union at sphenooccipital suture occurs at the age of 13 years in both sex and complete obliteration of cartilaginous disc occurs at the age of 18 years in male and 16 years in female.
ABSTRACT
Abstracts: Background & Objective: Age determination from degree of closure of sphenooccipital suture (Synchondrosis). Methodology: This study was conducted during the period of January 2012 to August 2013 at Department of Forensic Medicine, P.D.U. Govt. Medical College & Hospital, Rajkot. 100 cases of age between 8 to 26 years have been taken to cover minimum period of starting the fusion and maximum period of completion of fusion for age determination from sphenooccipital suture. Results: For male, minimum age for open, semi closed and closed sphenooccipital suture was 8 years, 13 years and 18 years respectively while for female, it was 8 years, 13 years and 16 years respectively. For male, maximum age for open, semi open and closed sphenooccipital suture was 13 years, 18 years and 26 years respectively while for female, it was 13 years, 16 years and 26 years respectively. Conclusion: Commencement of union at sphenooccipital suture occurs at the age of 13 years in both sex and complete obliteration of cartilaginous disc occurs at the age of 18 years in male and 16 years in female.
ABSTRACT
Endochondral bone formation of the developing cranial base is a complex process. This mechanism requires precise orchestration of many cellular events and cartilage matrix metabolism, such as proliferation, becoming round in shape, termination of proliferation, hypertrophic size-increase, and finally programmed cell death. Active formation and degradation of cartilage matrix take place, in which microtubules are involved for intracellular events; bone apposition follows these events. However, the involvement of microtubules during these changes in the developing cranial base has not been identified yet. Thus, we investigated the involvement of microtubules in the regulation of endochondral bone formation during cranial base development. Using tubulin-binding drug nocodazole, we examined the effects of altering the structure and function of microtubules during in vivo organ culture of the mouse cranial base. Cultured specimens were analyzed with HE staining, immunohistochemistry, and cell counting in order to study the morphological and molecular changes that occurred in the tissues. Disruption of the microtubular array by nocodazole reduced cells expressing proliferation marker Ki67, osteogenic marker BSP, and BMP4 within the sphenooccipital synchondrosis region; chondrocyte hypertrophy was ceased in the hypertrophic zone; degeneration of cartilage matrix and bone matrix apposition was inhibited in the ossification center of the basooccipital cranial base. Our data demonstrated that disruption of microtubules by nocodazole have multiple inhibitory effects on the sequential changes that occur during endochondral bone formation, suggesting the importance of normal microtubule-polymerization in cranial base development.