AN UNUSUAL CASE OF PORTAL, SPLENIC AND MESENTERIC VENOUS THROMBOSIS PRESENTING WITH ACUTE ABDOMEN

@#Porto-spleno-mesenteric vein thrombosis is a rare, life-threatening condition of extrahepatic portal venous system thrombosis. We report a rare case of a 49-year-old lady with late presentation of acute portal vein thrombosis in a non-cirrhotic liver with an incidental finding of left adnexal teratoma. She presented with a one-week history of severe abdominal pain associated with vomiting and diarrhea. She gave no history of prior risk for venous thromboembolism or liver diseases. Physical examination revealed a tender mass extending from suprapubic to left iliac fossa. Abdominal computed tomography scans showed a well-defined fat-containing left adnexal mass, likely a benign teratoma, with no involvement of surrounding structures or calcification. There was evidence of porto-splenic-mesenteric vein thrombosis with liver infarction, bowel and splenic ischemia. Management of the extensive thrombosis causing multi-organ failure includes resuscitation, supportive care and treatment of thrombosis. Treatment options include early anticoagulation and if feasible, thrombolysis

Idiopathic Splenic Vein Thrombosis Presenting as Splenic Infarction and Consequent Gastric Variceal Bleeding

Left-sided portal hypertension and consequent gastric varices can occur in patients with isolated splenic vein thrombosis. It is a rare but clinically significant and curable cause of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Our patient, a 20-year-old woman, with left flank pain was diagnosed with having idiopathic splenic vein thrombosis with resultant splenic infarction. Thorough workups for the possible etiologies of splenic vein thrombosis were all negative. After six months of anticoagulation, follow-up computed tomography revealed formation of gastric varices; one month following the discovery, she developed gastrointestinal bleeding. Splenectomy was performed, resulting in the resolution of gastric varices.

Portal and Splenic Vein Thrombosis Successfully Treated with Anticoagulants in Acute Pancreatitis / 이화의대지

Splanchnic vein thrombosis arising from complications of acute pancreatitis is very rare. It usually occurs as a form of portal, splenic and superior mesenteric vein thrombosis, either in combination or separately. It could develop portal hypertension, bowel ischemia and gastrointestinal variceal bleeding. Treatment of splanchnic vein thrombosis includes anticoagulants, thrombolysis, insertion of shunts, bypass surgery and liver transplantation. In some cases, anticoagulation therapy may be considered to prevent complications. However, the standard protocol for anticoagulation in splanchnic vein thrombosis has not been determined yet. We report a case of 43-year-old man who had portal and splenic vein thrombosis in acute pancreatitis. The patient was successfully treated with oral anticoagulants following low molecular weight heparin therapy.

Isolated Splenic Vein Thrombosis Associated with Acute Pancreatitis / 대한소아소화기영양학회지

Pancreatic disease is the most frequent cause of isolated splenic vein thrombosis. Splenic vein thrombosis causes a localized form of portal hypertension known as sinistral or left-sided portal hypertension. Splenic vein thrombosis may be complicated by the formation of gastric varices, with the potential of massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Whereas splenectomy is considered to be the treatment of choice for symptomatic splenic vein thrombosis, the role of splenectomy in the patient with asymptomatic splenic vein thrombosis remains controversial. We report a rare case of acute pancreatitis complicated by isolated asymptomatic splenic vein thrombosis. Recognition of this disease entity is important because the risk of secondary variceal bleeding, while uncommon, can be life-threatening.

A Case of Portal and Splenic Vein Thrombosis Developed by Complication of Histoacryl Injection Therapy in Gastric Varix / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Liquid tissue adheisve, Histoacryl (n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate) has been used for the treatment of gastric variceal bleeding. The techniques are as follows: 0.5cc Histoacryl mixed with Lipiodol per each injection are used. 3 to 4 injections are usually required for large variceal convolutes under the fluoroscopic visualization after the injection of Histoacryl. Complications of sclerotherapy with Histoacryl are bleeding, perforation, stenosis and embolism depending on the concentration and amount used, as well as the intensity of the treatment. Here we describe a case report developing portal and splenic vein thrombosis as a side effect after Histoacryl injection therapy for the treatment of gastric varix bleeding, A 59-year-old male patient with liver cirrhosis was admitted due to acute gastric varix bleeding. The control of gastrie variceal bleeding was achieved by several injections of 0.7c mixture of 0.5cc histoacryl and 0,8cc Lipiodol. However, simple X-ray and ultrasonography revealed the elements of Histoacryl-lipiodol mixture in the portal and splenic vein.