Frecuencia de la cavidad ósea de Stafne. Un análisis retrospectivo en radiografías panorámicas / Frequency of Stafne's bone cavity. A retrospective analysis in panoramic radiographs

Introducción: La cavidad ósea de Stafne es una variante anatómica poco frecuente, radiolúcida y bien delimitada, que usualmente se presenta en la región molar cerca del ángulo mandibular y por debajo del canal para el nervio dentario inferior. Es frecuente que sea erróneamente diagnosticada con otras entidades de carácter patológico. Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de la cavidad ósea de Stafne en las radiografías panorámicas del Servicio de Radiología Oral y Maxilofacial del Centro Dental Docente "Cayetano Heredia", desde 2015 hasta 2019. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo de una muestra de 17875 radiografías panorámicas. Se consideraron las variables demográficas como el sexo, la edad, la localización y la forma, posteriormente se realizaron tablas de contenido para el análisis de los datos. Resultados: Entre los 17875 pacientes, solo 24 (0,13 por ciento) presentaban cavidad ósea de Stafne, incluidos 16 hombres y 8 mujeres. La octava década de vida presentó la mayor cantidad de casos con 6 (0,4 por ciento). La localización posterior derecha contó con 13 (54,17 por ciento), la posterior izquierda con 7 (29,17 por ciento) y la anterior con 4 (16,67 por ciento). La forma ovalada con 23 (95,83 por ciento) y la redonda solo con 1 (4,17 por ciento). Conclusiones: La frecuencia de la cavidad ósea de Stafne fue de 0,13 por ciento con predilección del sexo masculino, la octava década de vida, la localización posterior derecha y la forma ovalada(AU)

Introduction: Stafne's bone cavity is a rare, radiolucent, well-demarcated anatomic variant that usually occurs in the molar region near the mandibular angle and below the canal for the inferior dental nerve. It is frequently misdiagnosed with other pathological entities. Objective: To determine the frequency of Stafne's bone cavity in panoramic radiographs of the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Service of the Teaching Dental Care Center "Cayetano Heredia", from 2015 to 2019. Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study was performed on a sample of 17875 panoramic radiographs. Demographic variables such as gender, age, location and shape were considered; subsequently tables of contents were performed for data analysis. Results: Among the 17875 patients, only 24 (0.13 percent) had Stafne's bone cavity, including 16 males and 8 females. The eighth decade of life presented the highest number of cases with 6 (0.4 percent). The right posterior location accounted for 13 (54.17 percent), the left posterior with 7 (29.17 percent) and the anterior with 4 (16.67 percent). The oval shape with 23 (95.83 percent) and round with only 1 (4.17 percent). Conclusions: The frequency of Stafne's bone cavity was 0.13 percent with male sex predilection, eighth decade of life, right posterior location and oval shape(AU)

Stafne bone cavity: a rare cadaveric case report / 대한해부학회지

The Stafne bone cavity (SBC), also called the static bone cavity, salivary inclusion cyst, latent cyst, and lingual bone defect is an asymptomatic bony defect that is commonly located inferior to the mandibular canal and slightly above the inferior border of the mandible. It is rare to see the actual bony defect in the cadaver because of its relatively low incidence of 0.1% to 6.06%. We report a unilateral SBC found in a 76-year-old at death male Caucasian cadaver and involving the right mandible. The SBC was oval in shape with a smooth surface and measured 10.8×6.0 mm. The SBC was continuous with the right mylohyoid groove. Since actual photographs of the SBC are lacking in the literature, this report might provide additional insight for better understanding the SBC.

Cavidad ósea de Stafne en un paciente pediátrico: informe de un caso / Stafne bone cavity in a pediatric patient: report of a case

RESUMEN La cavidad ósea de Stafne es un hallazgo radiográfico encontrado accidentalmente durante la exploración imagenológica de rutina. Este suceso se aprecia como una zona radiolúcida, bien delimitada y unilateral, encontrada en la parte posterior de la mandíbula. La mayoría de las ocasiones este hallazgo radiográfi co es confundido con patologías de origen tumoral o quístico. Sin embargo, al tratarse de una variante anatómica no requiere tratamiento alguno. El objetivo del presente artículo es presentar el caso de un niño de ocho años de edad quien fue referido por presentar una lesión aislada a nivel mandibular encontrada accidentalmente durante un estudio radiográfi co, confundida inicialmente con un tumor, mismo que al ser estudiado a profundidad, no era más que un hallazgo anatómico no patológico: la cavidad ósea de de Stafne.

ABSTRACT Stafne´s bone cavity is a radiographic finding that is accidentally discovered during the routinary image exploration. This is a radiolucent, well-defined and unilateral fi nding that is usually located in the back of the jaw. Most of the times this radiographic fi nding is confused with tumors or cyst. However, as it is an anatomical variant, it doesn´t require any treatment. The aim of this article is to present the case of an eight year old boy who was referred for presenting an isolated mandibular lesion accidentally found during a radiographic study, initially confused with a tumor, but after being studied, it was nothing more than a non-pathological anatomical find: de Stafne's bone cavity.

Stafne bone cavity / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To study the clinical manifestations and biological characteristics of Stafne bone cavity and to reduce misdiagnosis and excessive treatment. @*Methods@#Four cases of typical Stafne bone cavity, including clinical features and follow-up data, were retrospectively analyzed, and the results, combined with a review of the literature, were analyzed in terms of the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria and treatment of Stafne bone cavity.@*Results@#Stafne bone cavity is also known as static bone cavity, idiopathic bone cavity, latent bone cavity defects, aberrant salivary glands, heterotopic mandibular salivary glands, mandibular lingual bone cavity, mandibular lingual cortical bone defect, etc. The incidence of Stafne bone cavity is approximately 0.5%. This condition is easily misdiagnosed as a jaw or jaw cyst tumor and treated unnecessarily. Most scholars believe that the causes of Stafne bone cavity can be divided into two types: developmental and glandular. Stafne bone cavity is characterized by either no symptoms or occasional pain. This condition is observed mostly in 40-60-year-old male patients. The imaging diagnostic criteria for Stafne bone cavity are as follows: ① projecting round or ovoid mandible and uniform density with a distinct bone-cortical white line; ② clearly distinguishable from adjacent structures, such as teeth; ③ typical location in the mandibular angle and molar area, below the mandibular neural tube. Most Stafne bone cavities without advanced bone destruction do not require treatment, although individual cases may gradually progress.@*Conclusion@#Stafne bone cavity presents no symptoms or causes occasional pain and can be clearly diagnosed with CBCT. This condition does not require surgical treatment and should be followed up with observation.

Anterior stafne bone cyst mimicking periapical cyst: a case report

Stafne bone cyst (SBC) is a bone defect usually located in the posterior portion of the mandible or mandibular angle below the inferior alveolar nerve. The cases of SBC involving multiple anterior tooth apices and penetrating the mandibular bone are extremely rare. Here we present a case of an anterior-positioned SBC mimicking periapical cyst, which penetrated the mandibular bone, with a review of the differential diagnosis.

Stafne bone cavity and cone-beam computed tomography: a report of two cases

In 1942 Stafne reported 35 asymptomatic, radiolucent cavities that were unilaterally located in the posterior region of the mandible between the mandibular angle and the third molar, and below the mandibular canal. The term Stafne bone cavity (SBC) is now used for such asymptomatic lingual bone depressions of the lower jaw. Since then there have been many reports of SBCs but very fews tudies have used cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for their diagnosis. The aim of this paper is to describe the clinical and radiological characteristics of two cases of SBCs and the importance of limited CBCT in confirming the diagnosis.

Lingual Cortical Mandibular Bone Depression: Frequency and Clinical-Radiological Features in a Brazilian Population

The aim of this study was to report the frequency and clinical-radiological features of cases of lingual cortical mandibular bone depressions (LCMBD) diagnosed in consecutive panoramic radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans from a Brazilian population. The methods included a retrospective analysis of consecutive panoramic radiographs, charts from the Oral Medicine clinic and consecutive CBCT scans. All cases diagnosed as LCMBD were selected and clinical-radiological data were retrieved from the clinical charts and by the analysis of the image exams. Twenty LCMBD cases diagnosed in 18 patients were found, including 2 from 3,000 consecutive panoramic radiographs (0.07%), 6 from 2,421 Oral Medicine patients (0.25%) and 10 from 1,684 CBCT scans (0.59%). The 18 patients had a mean age of 51.5 years and 13 were males. Two patients presented bilateral lesions. Fourteen images (70%) were classified as well-defined. Eighteen affected the posterior area of the mandible and two affected the anterior mandible. Size of the lesions was larger in younger patients. In conclusion, there seemed to be a considerable radiological heterogeneity when comparing the LCMBD cases and it seemed that the images decreased in size with the increase of patient's age.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar a frequência e os achados clínico-radiográficos dos casos de depressão cortical mandibular lingual diagnosticados em radiografias panorâmicas e em tomografias computadorizadas realizadas pela técnica de feixe cônico consecutivas em uma população brasileira. A metodologia incluiu uma análise retrospectiva de radiografias panorâmicas consecutivas, dos registros dos pacientes da clínica de estomatologia e tomografias computadorizadas consecutivas realizadas pela técnica do feixe cônico. Todos os casos com diagnóstico de depressão cortical mandibular lingual foram selecionados e as informações clínico-radiográficas foram obtidas a partir dos prontuários dos pacientes e da análise dos exames imaginológicos. Um total de 20 casos de depressão cortical mandibular lingual foi diagnosticado em 18 pacientes, incluindo 2 casos em 3.000 radiografias panorâmicas (0,07%), 6 em 2.421 pacientes da clínica de Estomatologia (0,25%) e 10 em 1.684 pacientes do grupo submetido a tomografia computadorizada (0,59%). Os 18 pacientes mostraram uma média de idade de 51,5 anos e 13 eram do gênero masculino. Dois pacientes apresentaram imagens bilaterais. Quatorze imagens (70%) foram classificadas como bem definidas; dezoito acometeram a região posterior da mandíbula e dois casos acometeram a região anterior da mandíbula. O tamanho das lesões foi maior em pacientes mais jovens. Em conclusão, existe uma considerável heterogeneidade na expressão radiográfica das imagens e parece haver uma diminuição do tamanho das imagens com o aumento da idade dos pacientes. .

A CASE REPORT: STAFNE'S CYST IN THE ANTERIOR MANDIBLE

Differential diagnosis of a salivary gland bone defect by means of computerized tomography: a case report / Diagnóstico diferencial de defeito ósseo mandibular por meio de tomografia computadorizada: relato de caso

Purpose: Salivary gland bone defects are rare entities, generally asymptomatic and found in routine imaging exams. This paper reports the use of computed tomography (CT) with tridimensional rendering to investigate the differential diagnosis of a unilateral radiolucent area located near the angle of the left mandible, below the mandibular dental nerve canal. Case Description: A 71-year-old Caucasian male subject attended the University Dental Clinics of the Portuguese Catholic University, in Viseu, Portugal, seeking routine dental treatment for oral rehabilitation. Radiographic examination showed a radiolucent unilocular image, well circumscribed, located in the horizontal ramus of the left side of the mandible, near its angle, below the mandibular dental nerve canal. No teeth contact to the radiolucent image was detected. In the panoramic digital radiograph the image had 12 mm mesio-distal width. A CT scan with tridimensional rendering was performed to refine the measurements of the lesion dimension and its relation with other anatomical structures. Conclusion: According to the clinical and radiographic findings and based on the dental literature, it was concluded that the observed bone cavity was a Stafne bone defect, located in the angle of the mandible below the mandibular dental nerve canal.

Objetivo: Os defeitos ósseos das glândulas salivares são entidades raras, geralmente assintomáticas e normalmente encontradas em imagiologia de rotina. Neste caso clínico foi utilizada tomografia computadorizada com reconstrução tridimensional para estabelecer o diagnóstico diferencial de uma área radiolucente unilateral, localizada perto do ângulo mandibular esquerdo, abaixo do canal dentário inferior. Descrição do Caso: Indivíduo do sexo masculino, 71 anos de idade, raça caucasiana, recorreu à Clínica Odontológica da Universidade Católica Portuguesa, para tratamento dentário. Na radiografia panorâmica foi detectada uma imagem radiolucente, localizada na região posterior da mandíbula perto do seu ângulo, de limites bem definidos, unilocular, sem contacto com as raízes dentárias, abaixo do canal dentário. Na ortopantomografia digital a imagem media 12 mm mésio-distalmente. Utilizou-se uma tomografia computadorizada da mandíbula com reconstrução tridimensional para esclarecer dúvidas relacionadas com as dimensões da imagem e sua relação com estruturas anatômicas vizinhas. Conclusão: Os exames físico e imagiológicos realizados, juntamente com a revisão de literatura, permitiram concluir que havia um defeito ósseo no ramo horizontal no lado esquerdo da mandíbula, abaixo do canal dentário inferior.

Cone beam tomography evaluation of lingual cortical mandibular defect diagnosed as Stafne bone cavity / Cone beam tomography evaluation of lingual cortical mandibular defect diagnosed as Stafne bone cavity

Mandibular lingual bone depressions are considered to be developmental anomalies known as Stafne bone cavity. The purpose of the present report is to describe the characteristics of classic Stafne bone cavity in molar region evaluated by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). A male patient, 27 years old, was submitted to CBCT to evaluation the relation between the right lower third molar roots and mandibular canal and the unilateral cystic image found in the panoramic radiographic below the mandibular canal in the right molar area. It was used a gray scale of 12 bits and voxel of 0.2 mm. The CBCT showed fine images of the Stafne bone cavity. In the present case, periodic clinical and radiological controls were the therapeutic option. In atypical cases or in doubtful diagnosis, surgical intervention and anatomopathological examination may be indicated. Although the diagnosis of a Stafne bone cavity can often be established with plain radiographs, confirmatory tests are sometimes required. In these situations, the diagnosis can be confirmed with CBCT.

Developmental salivary gland defect: Literatures review and case analysis of 12 cases / 대한구강악안면방사선학회지

PURPOSE: To review developmental salivary gland defect based on 12 reported cases and literature, and to guide radiographic diagnosis of this entity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 12 cases of developmental salivary gland defect of Chosun University Dental Hospital in the last 4 years were analyzed and compared with previous reported cases. RESULT: 11 of the 12 cases were found in men, indicating a very strong male predilection. The peak age was in the 6th decade. These defects were situated just above or at the inferior border of mandible between the first molar and the mandibular angle, and always inferior to the mandibular canal. Only one case was superimposed with the mandibular canal, 6 cases were superimposed with the inferior border of the mandible. CONCLUSION: Characteristically, these defects had a special radiographic features such as ovoid shaped well-defined radiolucency located just above or at the inferior border of the mandible between the first molar and the mandibular angle, and always inferior to the mandibular canal. The recognition of these radiographic features were diagnostically valuable.