Same day sputum smear microscopy approach for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in a microscopy centre at Rajahmundry.

Background: Sputum smear microscopy is the initial and rapid diagnostic technique for tuberculosis. This requires two (spot and morning SM) sputum sample examinations over two days. Collection of two spot samples (SS2) on the same day would reduce the number of visits, time, money and early initiation of treatment. Methods: We evaluated same day approach (SS2) against standard (SM) for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Results: Out of 658 participants, same day approach could identify 62 cases, whereas standard approach could identify 64 cases. Both the approaches are equally effective (p>0.05). Conclusion: The diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis is possible in one day by examining two spot samples.